О. М. Ільченко Англійська мова для науковців

Final Test

120questions

I.Read the passage and choose the one best answer to each question.

Safe drinking water is often taken for granted in the modern world. But have you ever thought how important water is? All animals and plants are mostly water. A person's body is about 65 percent water. Each of us needs to drink at least five pints of water each day. Big animals need about 15 gallons of water a day. Water has other uses too. It is used for washing and air conditioning, household work and gardening. Steel, gasoline, paper and most other products are made with the help of water. Power plants use water for cooling. Farms, of course, need water to grow food. Worldwide, the major use of water (approximately 73 percent) is in agriculture. Water is also used for swimming, boating, and other kinds of recreation. We can easily see that life would be impossible without water. That is why it is so important to keep our water clean. Yet, polluted water is becoming very common. Water that has become polluted is unsafe to use. Pollution can happen when untreated wastes have been dumped into it. Polluted water can smell, have garbage floating in it, and be unfit for boating or swimming. But even water that looks clean and smells good can be polluted. It may be loaded with germs and dangerous chemicals you cannot see.

One way of polluting water is to allow fertilizers and untreated wastes to wash from farms and building sites into waterways after rain. Human is making more waste than nature can handle. More and better waste water treatment is needed. People fundamentally depend on recycled waste water for domestic use and drinking supplies. Over 50 percent of the water drunk in Western Europe and North America is reprocessed. Finland and the Netherlands use more than 70 percent reprocessed water, and Denmark and Sweden exceed 90 percent. Clean water is so important to our lives. We should make an effort to make sure we have enough of it.

1.This passage is mainly concerned with

a.fresh water animals

b.the importance of water

c.popular waterways

d.kinds of recreation

2.This article suggests that polluted water

a.always looks dirty

b.carries many germs

c.is not very common

d.is safe to use

3.It can be inferred from the passage that polluted water

a.always has an odor

b.is usually found near the ocean

c.sometimes looks safe and clean

d.is used for swimming rather than boating

4.According to the passage, water often becomes polluted because we allow

a.oil barges to travel the waterways

b.people to swim and boat in clean water

c.bacteria to feed on some wastes

d.untreated wastes to enter our waterways

5.According to the passage, which of the following can keep our water clean?

a.stronger chemicals

b.treatment plants

c.intensive farming

d.wire fences

II.Complete the following sentences

6.The answers ... are based on our experience.

a.provided

b.provide

c.providing

d.when provided

7.They can visit ... more places next year.

a.much

b.many

c.a little

d.fewer

8.Teachers should ... energetic, enthusiastic and reliable.

a.flexible

b.to be flexible

c.be flexible

d.flexibility

9.They should know and understand the curriculum as well as effective techniques for ... the curriculum to the students.

a.deliver

b.delivering

c.delivered

d.having delivered

10.Everybody is interested in the problem ... at our scientific conference.

a.to discuss

b.when discussion

c.that discussed

d.to be discussed

11.When encouraged to do so, students actively participate in learning by ..., exploring, and discussing.

a.investigating

b.to investigate

c.investigation

d.investigate

12.Weekly seminars ... to discuss the appropriate application of technology.

a.to be designed

b.designing

c.designed

d.are designed

13. ... anything go wrong, the whole project would fail.

a.When

b.Should

c.Unfortunately

d.As ill luck would have it

14.Oxygen ... to be the most abundant element.

a.known

b.to know

c.is known

d.knowing

15.It was necessary that this work ... done in time.

a.to be

b.had been

c.was

d.be

16.The experimental data are said ... with theoretical expectations.

a.to coincide

b.coincide

с coinciding d. coincided

17. ... is human.

a.mistaken

b.to err

c.err

d.mistakes

18.If they ... tomorrow, I'll meet them at the station.

a.will come

b.came

c.comes

d.come

19.If he ... the problem better, he wouldn't have made this mistake.

a.knew

b.had known

c.knows

d.is to know

20.This law is ... to be used in science universally.

a.may

b.probably

c.can

d.likely

21.If the metal ... heated, it would melt.

a.was

b.were

c.had been

d.is being

22.— What is your cousin?

a.That's she.

b.I haven't got any.

c.It was she.

d.She's a teacher,

23.— Have you ever been to Canada?

a.Not until

b.None.

c.Not yet.

d.Still.

24. ... clever idea!

a.So

b.What a

c.What

d.How

25.Last year ... many tourists here.

a.it was

b.they were

c.there was

d.there were

26.By the time we arrive the movie ....

a.will have started

b.has to start

c.had started

d.has started

27.Would you care for some more coffee? There's still ... left.

a.a little

b.a few

c.little

d.few

28.She didn't mind ... late because she enjoyed it.

a.to work

b.working

c.works

d.worked

29.Professor was surprised her assistant was out. « He ... somewhere», she thought.

a.ought to have gone

b.is going to

c.goes

d.must have gone

30. ... I need is a good dictionary.

a.How that

b.Which

c.What

d.That

31.They ... don't believe it even though we've shown them the evidence.

a.yet

b.still

c.already

d.no longer

32.He was very generous ... his efforts to save.

a.however

b.although

c.nevertheless

d.in spite of

33.IEEE stands ... «Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers».

a.as

b.for

c.like

d. by

34.— I missed my English classes last week. — So ... .

a.I did

b.І have

c.have І

d.did I

35.They couldn't help ... that the professor was worried.

a.notice

b.noticing

c.to notice

d.noticed

36.This flour can be used ... cakes.

a.to do

b.when doing

c.to make

d.and making

37.Cassandra, ... , has been the subject of many poems.

a.the Greek heroine

b.that Greek heroine was

c.was the Greek heroine

d.who the Greek heroine was

38. ... included Germany, Brazil, and Australia.

a.When countries

b.To survey countries

c.Countries surveyed

d.It was survey

39.Multimedia applications ... voice, text and image.

a.combines

b.combination

c.combining

d.combine

40. ... for a way to improve the performance of your system?

a.You are looking

b.When you look

c.Are you looking

d.That you look

41.The smaller the phenomena a scientist is investigating, ... is the eguipment needed to conduct research.

a.the biggest

b.then big

c.the bigger

d.and the bigger

42.His short stay in Europe was very important to Jack, ... provided the background to several of his experiments.

a.it was

b.much of

c.for it

d.by then

43.I ... him recently.

a.didn't see

b.hasn't seen

c.will not see

d.haven't seen

44.To understand is ... .

a.forgiving

b.to forgive

c.forgives

d.forgive

45. ... the process what matters is how energy is released.

a.When

b.For

c.How

d.This

46. ... that they all are here.

a.It is surprised

b.Is it surprising

c.It is surprising

d.What is surprising

47. .... heat is produced.

a.That certain chemicals are mixed together

b.The mixing of certain chemicals

c.Whenever certain chemicals are mixed together

d.How certain chemicals are mixed together

48. ... a new point of view on the problem.

a.Is there

b.There are

c.There is

d.There being

49.The former theory is ... more interesting than the latter.

a.many

b.the least

c.fewer

d.much

50.A logarithm is ... as an exponent.

a.known what

b.known what it is

c.what is known

d.what it is known

51.It is this approach ... makes everything clear.

a.when

b.that

c.how

d.while

52.Only rarely ... naturally.

a.they occur

b.do they occur

c.they would occur

d. they will occur

53. ... that they were the first to discover this phenomenon.

a.Is it believed

b.It is believing

c.It is believed

d.How it is believed

54.These special cases are worth ... .

a.to highlight

b.highlighting

c.highlighted

d.to be highlighted

55.The acceleration of all ... bodies is the same independent of their size, shape or mass.

a.failed

b.falling

c.fall

d.falls

56. ... , this substance proved to have promising properties.

a.When examining

b.To examine

c.When examined

d.They examined

III. Choose the one word or phrase that best keeps the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word or phrase.

57.A Master's Degree candidate must prepare a research paper called thesis. But some master's programs involve a great deal of independent study and individual research.

a.some

b.part of

c.a lot of

d.little

58.This package is apparently from overseas.

a.perhaps

b.obviously

c.strangely

d.really

59.Technology acts as a catalyst to bring about changes that energize learning environments.

a.believe in

b.cause

c.carry out

d.foresee

60.Teachers need to feel comfortable with technology. Furthermore, guidance in when and how to appropriately use technology is often needed.

a.nevertheless

b.in general

c.in a nutshell

d.moreover

61.My book is virtually finished.

a.really

b.almost

c.appropriately

d.eventually

62.We have 100$. That's plenty.

a.too much

b.enough

c.not enough

d.big money

63.The international character of the Institute gives it some important advantages.

a.limitations

b.activities

c.merits

d.linkages

64.The first of these new trends is to be seen in rapidly changing political environment.

a.problems

b.tendencies

c.elements

d.issues

65.The number of working women increases every year.

a.grows

b.decreases

c.meets

d.reorganizes

66.Some crops must be rotated periodically with other crops.

a.constantly

b.simultaneously

c.regularly

d.rarely

67.Scientists once thought that human origins were in Asia.

a.decidedly

b.always

c.vaguely

d.at one time

68.The Center was established to. stimulate and accelerate the use of computers and software tools in education.

a.in order of

b.as

c.for

d.in order to

69.He looked somewhat upset.

a.not very

b.a little

c.as always

d.very

70.People often use their first names rather than their family names when talking.

a.together with

b.sooner or later

c.and also

d.instead of