Раздел 5. Инфинитив Функции инфинитива в предложении

Функции

Примеры

1.Подлежащее

После формального подлежащего it

Tosavemoney is not easy.

It is important to obey the laws of the country.

2. Частьсложногоподлежащего

(ComplexSubject)

1)послеглаголовsay, believe, know, expect, think, state, announce etc.

2)послеглаголовseem, appear, happen, prove, chance, turn out etc.

3)послеприлагательных(un)likely, certain, sureetc.

She is said to have completedthe experiment.

He proved to be a good engineer.

He is sure to be awardeda prize for his scientific research.

3. Часть составного глагольного сказуемого

1) с модальными глаголами

2) с глаголами, характеризующими протекание действия begin,start,continue,cease,would, usedtoetc.

You ought to fulfill the task on time. She’s started to planher business career.

She used to workin this laboratory.

4. Дополнение

1)послеглаголовwant, wish, decide, aim, fail, hurry, manage, offer, prepare, refuse, try, struggle, hesitate, afford, attempt, deserve, hate, love, like, prefer, plan, ask, choose, hope, promise, remember, forget etc.

2)послеприлагательныхипричастий:glad,pleased, happy, sorry, able, afraid, ready etc.

We were asked to speakto the manager.

He can’t affordto buy new equipment.

I am ready to reportthe obtained data.

5. Часть сложного дополнения

(ComplexObject)

1)послеглаголовwant, wish, like, would like, need, prefer, consider, believe, know, think, prove, suppose, expect etc.(с to)

2) после глаголов чувственного восприятия hear,feel,see,watch,noticeetc.(без to).

I want you to help mewith the assignment.

We often see scientists movefrom one field of research into another.

6. Определение

(инфинитив стоит после определяемого слова)

Инфинитив в функции определения часто встречается также после слов: thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast

The problem to considernext is concerned with the ionization of gases.

He is always the first to cometo the university.

7. Обстоятельство

1)цели(инфинитив стоит в начале и в конце предложения с союзами inorderto,soas(to)

2)следствия(инфинитив стоит в конце предложения, и ему часто предшествуют слова: enough,too,sufficient,sufficiently)

(In order)to understandthe phenomenon the laws of motion should be considered.

Some people are too proud to admit that they don’t know.

8. Вводныйчленпредложения

(обычностоитвначалепредложения, всегдавыделяетсязапятыми : to tell the truth, to begin with, to sum up, to be sure, to make a long story short, to put it simply, to say the least, to be honest etc.

To be honest, I am not yet ready with my research.

To begin with, no general method will be given here.