Вариант № 5

1. Письменно переведите предложения. Определите видо-временную форму и залог сказуемого. В разделе б) обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкции.

1. 1. The jury is listening to the witnesses for defense now.

2. The Napoleon Code has influenced the laws of many countries in America.

3. The members of the jury listened to speeches and gave their verdict.

б) 1. English lawyers are divided into two classes – solicitors and barristers.

2. Statutes are made by the Government, customs are created by the people.

3. The witness will be listened to by the jury during the next trial.

2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните Participle I, Participle II, укажите какую функцию в предложении они выполняют:

а) определение;

б) обстоятельство;

в) часть сложного сказуемого.

1. Some laws are made by nations and enforced against all citizens within their power.

2. However when made laws for their citizens governments used a system of courts backed by the power of the police.

3. Sitting in the Court the judge rules on points of law.

4. Practicing solicitors are undertaking legal business for nonprofessional clients.

3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. The jury has to return only one verdict – guilty or innocent.

2. A witness must speak to the investigator.

3. All serious cases are to be tried in a superior court.

4. Judges may be elected or appointed and, with rare exceptions, must be lawyers.

4. Письменно переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на усилительные конструкции.

1. It was that day that the jury passed the verdict.

2. It is according to our Constitution that all Russian citizens are equal before the law and court.

3. It is our next seminar that we shall study some articles of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.

5. Прочитайте весь текст и письменно переведите 1, 2, 5 абзацы. Из 3 и 4 абзацев выпишите и переведите предложения с Participle I и II.

Administration of Justice in Great Britain

1. Persons offending against the law are summoned before a court of law. The summons issued by the court states the charges moved against the offender by the persons sueing him. When a defendant is brought before a court the charge is read out to him and he is asked whether he pleads guilty or not guilty. If he pleads guilty he is sentenced by the court. If he pleads not guilty, a jury of 12 persons must be formed and summoned to attend the court.

2. The trial begins with opening the case for the prosecuting party and hearing the evidence of the witnesses for the prosecution. On the completion of the plaintiff’s case and evidence, the defendant’s case is stated and evidence is heard in support of it.

1. The accused is entitled to be defended by the counsel. Witnesses for the prosecution may be cross-examined by the accused or his counsel. The accused may call witnesses or give evidence in his own defence. At the conclusion of the evidence, and after speeches on both sides, the judge sums up the case to the jury. The jury consider the verdict. If they decide that the accused is not guilty, he is immediately discharged. If the jury return the verdict of guilty, sentence is pronounced by the judge.

3. The following punishments for crime can be inflicted: life imprisonment, imprisonment consisting in corrective training or preventive detention; detention centres for juvenile delinquents, persons between 16 and 21, convicted of offences punishable with imprisonment; fine, a money penalty, generally imposed for minor offences; probation – placing the offender under the supervision of a probation officer and so on.

4. The defendant may appeal against the sentence to the Court of Appeal up to the House of Lords, which is the supreme judicial body of Great Britain.

Примечания к тексту:

detention centre – центр заключения

juvenile delinquent – несовершеннолетний правонарушитель

probation – испытание

probation officer – инспектор, наблюдающий за преступником, направленным на работу