Контрольная работа № 4 по английскому языку для студентов заочного обучения Вариант 3

Задание 1 Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на Participle

1.Nitrogen occurs in all living organisms.

2.Synthetically-produced nitrates are key ingredients of industrial fertilizers.

3.They gave their answers in the written firm.

4.If invited I shall go with them.

Задание 2 Определите предложения, в которых частица to является признаком инфинитива и правильно переведите все задание

1.This question appears to be of great importance.

2.We believe cybernetics to be an important branch of modern technology.

3.He wanted us to visit the art exhibition.

4. The fact that there was an element of air that does not support combustion was clear to Rutherford.

5. Nitrogen gas was inert enough that Antoine Lavoisier referred to it as "mephitic air" or azote, from the Greek word  azotos meaning "lifeless".

Задание 3 Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на страдательный залог

1. The element nitrogen was discovered as a separable component of air, by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford, in 1772.

2. Nitrogen is formally considered to have been discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772.

3. Lavoisier's name for nitrogen is used in many languages.

4. The academic year is divided into two terms.

5. The electric lamp was invented by Yablochkov.

Задание 4 Переведите предложения с русского на английский

1. У тебя много игрушек, чтобы играть.

2. Его всегда ждут.

3. Все написанное здесь – верно.

4. Если ты плохо видишь, тебе следует носить очки.

5. Переходя улицу, будьте осторожны!

Задание 5 Прочитайте и переведите письменно текст, выписывая незнакомые слова.

Nitrogen

Nitrogen is a chemical element that has the symbol N, atomic number of 7 and atomic mass 14.00674 u. Elemental nitrogen is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and mostly inert diatomic gas at standard conditions, constituting 78.08% by volume of Earth's atmosphere. The element nitrogen was discovered as a separable component of air, by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford, in 1772.

Many industrially important compounds, such as ammonia, nitric acid, organic nitrates (propellants and explosives), and cyanides, contain nitrogen. The extremely strong bond in elemental nitrogen dominates nitrogen chemistry, causing difficulty for both organisms and industry in breaking the bond to convert the N₂ into useful compounds, but at the same time causing release of large amounts of often useful energy when the compounds burn, explode, or decay back into nitrogen gas.

Nitrogen occurs in all living organisms, and the nitrogen cycle describes movement of the element from air into the biosphere and organic compounds, then back into the atmosphere. Synthetically-produced nitrates are key ingredients of industrial fertilizers, and also key pollutants in causing theeutrophication of water systems. Nitrogen is a constituent element of amino acids and thus of proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). It resides in thechemical structure of almost all neurotransmitters, and is a defining component of alkaloids, biological molecules produced by many organisms. The human body contains about 3% by weight of nitrogen, a larger fraction than all elements save oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen.

Nitrogen is formally considered to have been discovered by Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air. The fact that there was an element of air that does not support combustion was clear to Rutherford. Nitrogen was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish, and Joseph Priestley, who referred to it as burnt air or phlogisticated air. Nitrogen gas was inert enough that Antoine Lavoisier referred to it as "mephitic air" or azote, from the Greek word  azotos meaning "lifeless". In it, animals died and flames were extinguished. Lavoisier's name for nitrogen is used in many languages (French, Polish, Russian, etc.) and still remains in English in the common names of many compounds, such as hydrazine and compounds of the azide ion.