- •Lesson 6.1
- •1. Text Computer
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4.Excercises
- •Lesson 6.2
- •1. Text Computer architecture
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.3
- •1. Text Central processing unit
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.4
- •1. Text Pascal (programming language)
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.5
- •1. Text
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.6
- •1. Text Object-oriented programming
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.7
- •1. Text Microsoft Office
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 6.8
- •1. Text
- •Internet
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3. Grammatical notes
- •4. Excercises
- •Lesson 7.1
- •1. Text
- •Introduction to mechanics
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 7.2
- •1. Text constraints and their reactions
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 7.3
- •1. Text
- •Introduction to kinematics
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 7.4
- •1. Text
- •Introduction to dynamics
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 7.5
- •1. Text
- •Introduction to the dynamics of a system
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.1
- •1. Text
- •Voltage control with d.C. Supply
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.2
- •1. Text Choppers (transistors)
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.3
- •1. Text Choppers (thyristors)
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.4
- •1. Text Chopper with inductive load
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.5
- •1. Text Rectifier with resistive load
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.6
- •1. Text Rectifier with inductive load
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.7
- •1. Text Single-phase inverter
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
- •Lesson 8.8
- •1. Text three-phase inverter with pulse-width-modulation
- •2. Vocabulary
- •3.Excercises
2. Vocabulary
freewheel path |
зворотній напрямок |
mark-space ratio |
коефіцієнт заповнення |
alternating |
знакозмінний |
pulse-width-modulation (PWM) |
широтно-імпульсна модуляція |
low-output |
низький рівень вихідного сигналу |
simultaneous |
одночасний, синхронний; спільний |
shoot-through |
пробій |
3.Excercises
Exercise 1
Прочитайте й перекладіть текст.
Exercise 2
Відповісти у письмовій формі англійською мовою на запитання:
1. Який вид має вхідна напруга інвертора?
2. Який вид має вихідна напруга інвертора?
Exercise 3
Викладіть у письмовій формі англійською мовою у чому полягає принцип широтно-імпульсної модуляції.
Exercise 4
Викладіть у письмовій формі англійською мовою принцип регулювання напруги інвертора при широтно-імпульсній модуляції ключів.
Exercise 5
Викладіть у письмовій формі англійською мовою який аварійний режим роботи може бути при некоректній роботі ключів?
Lesson 8.8
1. Text three-phase inverter with pulse-width-modulation
A 3-phase output can be obtained by adding only two more switches to the four needed for a single-phase inverter, giving the typical power-circuit configuration shown in Figure 8.13. As usual, a freewheel diode is required in parallel with each transistor to protect against overvoltages caused by an inductive (motor) load.
So far we have emphasized the importance of being able to control the amplitude of the fundamental output voltage by modulating the width of the pulses which make up the output waveform. If this was the only requirement, we would have an infinite range of modulation patterns which would be sufficient. But as well as the right fundamental amplitude, we want the harmonic content to be minimized, i.e. we want the output waveform to be as close as possible to a pure sine wave. It is particularly important to limit the amplitude of the low-order harmonics.
The number, width, and spacing of the pulses is therefore optimized to keep the harmonic content as low as possible. A host of sophisticated strategies have been developed, almost all using a microprocessor-based system to store and (or) generate the modulation patterns. There is an obvious advantage in using a high switching frequency, since there are then more pulses to play with. Ultrasonic frequencies are now widely used, and as devices improve the switching frequencies continue to rise. Most manufacturers claim their particular system is better than the competition, but it is not clear which will ultimately emerge as best for motor operation. Some early schemes used comparatively few pulses per cycle, and changed the number of pulses in discrete steps rather than smoothly. These inverters were noisy and irritating.
2. Vocabulary
freewheel diode |
діод зворотного напрямку (зворотній діод) |
fundamental output voltage |
основна хвиля (гармоніка) вихідної напруги |
overvoltage |
перенапруга |
low-order harmonics |
гармоніки низького порядку (низькі гармоніки) |
host of sophisticated strategy |
провідна удосконалена стратегія |
pattern |
послідовність (імпульсів) |
ultrasonic frequency |
надзвукова частота |
switching frequencies |
частота включень |
