English Grammar Workbook for "dummies" - Geraldine Woods

294 English Grammar Workbook For Dummies

commas (continued) descriptions, 73–74 direct address, 69–70 interrupters, 71–72

introductory expressions, 71–72 lists, 67–69

practice, 68–75 semicolons and, 68

common expressions, 258–260 companies

name capitalization, 115–116 pronouns, 143–144

comparative comparisons, 205–207 comparisons

about, 205, 215 absolute, 208–209

answers, 211–214, 222–225 comparative, 205–207 double, 219–221

-er ending, 205–207 -est ending, 205–207 illogical, 217–219 incomplete, 215–217 irregular, 207–208

practice, 206–210, 216–221 superlative, 205–207

complete sentences, 56–57 complete thoughts, sentences, 51–52 complicated sentence structure, 270 computer grammar checking, 275 computer spell checking, 275

conjunctions, parallel structure, 234–236 connectors, 81–82

contractions apostrophes, 91–93

versus possessive pronouns, 38–39 could, 15

commas, 73–74 dangling, 194–196 misplaced, 192–194 practice, 190–198 vague, 196–197

descriptive grammar, 1

direct addresses, commas, 69–70 direct quotations, 101–103 distancing, quotation marks, 101 dividers, 81–82

double comparisons, 219–221 double meanings, 40–42

• E •

education, capitalization, 115–116 effect, 255

embedding one quotation inside another,

103–105

endmarks, sentences, 49, 55–56 English as second language, 2 English teachers, 1–2

enough is enough, over-correction, 271 -er ending, comparison, 205–207

-est ending, comparison, 205–207 even, 189

• F •

farther, 255 fewer, 257

functional grammar, 1 further, 255

future perfect tense, 11 future tense verbs, 9

• H •

had, 269 have, 270

headline style capitalization, 116 helper verbs, 15–16

hyphenated owners, apostrophes, 94 hyphens, 81–82

• I •

I capitalization, 273

I versus me overcorrection, 270 illogical comparisons, 217–219 imperative verb mood, 168–169 imply, 256

improper references, pronoun, 146–148 incomplete comparisons, 215–217 incomplete sentences, 273 independent words, 261

indicative verb mood, 167–168 infer, 256

infinitives, 10, 11, 158 -ing nouns, 132–133

interrupters, comma, 71–72

introductory elements, sentences, 243–245 introductory expressions, commas, 71–72 irregular comparisons, 207–208

irregular nouns, 23

irregular plural owners, apostrophes, 93 irregular verbs

forms, 12–14 practice, 13, 14

• J •

joining sentences, 52–55

joint ownership, apostrophes, 93 just, 189

• L •

lay, 260 least, 205 less, 257 lie, 260

Index 295

like, 256

lists, commas, 67–69

literary works capitalization, 116–117

• M •

many, 257 may, 15

media works capitalization, 116–117 might, 15

misplaced descriptions, 192–194 money, 94

more than, 257 most, 205 much, 257 must, 15

• N •

name capitalization, 113–115 nearly, 189

new words, 274 not, 189

nouns, plural, 23–24 number, 257

• O •

object pronouns, 127–129 objects of prepositions, 131–132 only, 189

open style punctuation, 67 organization pronouns, 143–144 over-correction

about, 269

complicated sentence structure, 270 dangling descriptions, 270–271 enough is enough, 271

had, 269 have, 270

I versus me, 270 semicolons, 271 speaking passively, 270 they and their, 271 whom for who, 269 writing passively, 270

296 English Grammar Workbook For Dummies

• P •

pairing, subject-verb answers, 30–34 matching, 26–28 practice, 25–29 sentences, 49–51 subjects, 24–26 verbs, 24–26

parallel structure about, 229–231 answers, 237–241 conjunctions, 234–236 person, 232–234 practice, 230–236 tense, 232–234

voice, 232–234 participles, verb tenses, 158 past perfect tense, 11

past tense verbs, 9, 155–157 perfect tenses, 11–12

person, parallel structure, 232–234 plain tense, 9

plural nouns, 23–24

plural owner, apostrophes, 93 plural pronouns, 35–37 possessive pronouns, 37–39 possessives

apostrophes, 93–94 pronouns, 141–143

practice

adjectives, 180–183 adverbs, 180–183 apostrophes, 92–95 capital letters, 114–120 commas, 68–75

comparisons, 206–210, 216–221 descriptions, 190–198 grammar, 277–280

irregular verbs, 13, 14 parallel structure, 230–236 perfect tenses, 11–12 pronoun cases, 128–134 pronouns, 36–37, 142–149 punctuation, 82–86 quotation marks, 102–107 sentences, 50–58, 244–250 subject-verb pairing, 25–29

tenses, 10

verb moods, 167–171 verb tenses, 156–160 verbs, 260–262

word traps, 256, 258–260 present perfect tense, 11 present tense verbs, 9, 157–158 progressive verbs, 9

pronoun cases about, 127 answers, 135–140

to be sentences, 130–131 -ing nouns, 132–133 object pronouns, 127–129

objects of prepositions, 131–132 practice, 128–134

reflexive pronouns, 128 self pronouns, 128

subject pronouns, 127–129 who, 129–130

whom, 129–130 pronouns

about, 35, 141

answers, 43–47, 150–154 companies, 143–144 versus contractions, 38–39 correct use, 274

double meanings, 40–42 improper references, 146–148 organizations, 143–144 plural, 35–37

possessive, 37–38, 141–143 practice, 36–37, 142–149 singular, 35–37

that, 144–145 which, 144–145 who, 144–145 proofreading, 275

punctuation about, 81 answers, 87–89 colons, 85 connectors, 81–82 dashes, 82–83 dividers, 81–82 hyphens, 81–82 practice, 82–86 semicolons, 84

• Q •

quantity words, 257 quotation marks

about, 101, 274 answers, 108–112

direct quotations, 101–103 distancing, 101

embedding one quotation inside another, 103–105

practice, 102–107 speaker tags, 102 titles, 101, 105–106

• R •

redundancy, sentences, 248–250 reflexive pronouns, 128 repetition, 275

reversed sentence patterns, 247–248 run-on sentences, 273

• S •

scientific works, capitalization, 116–117 self pronouns, 128

semicolons about, 84 lists, 68

over-correction, 271 sentences

about, 49, 243

answers, 59–63, 251–254 choppy, 245–246 complete, 56–57 complete thoughts, 51–52 endmarks, 49, 55–56

introductory elements, 243–245 joining, 52–55

practice, 50–58, 244–250 redundancy, 248–250

reversed sentence patterns, 247–248 style, 116

subject-verb pair, 49–51

separate ownership, apostrophes, 94

Index 297

set, 260 should, 15

similar words, 255–256

singular owner, apostrophes, 93 singular pronouns, 35–37

sit, 260 slang, 274

speaker tags, quotation marks, 102 speaking passively, 270

style manuals, 113 subject pronouns, 127–129 subject-verb pairing

answers, 30–34 matching, 26–28 practice, 25–29 sentences, 49–51

subjunctive verb mood, 169–170 such as, 256

superlative comparisons, 205–207

• T •

tenses. See verb tenses that, 144–145

their, 271 they, 271 time, 94 titles

capital letters, 113–115 quotation marks, 101, 105–106

to be

about, 13–14 sentences, 130–131

to have, 13–14

• V •

vague descriptions, 196–197 verb moods

about, 167 answers, 172–175 imperative, 168–169

indicative mood, 167–168 practice, 167–171 subjunctive mood, 169–170

298 English Grammar Workbook For Dummies

verb tenses about, 9, 155 answers, 161–165 future perfect, 11 gerunds, 158 infinitives, 158

parallel structure, 232–234 participles, 158

past, 155–157 past perfect, 11

practice, 10, 156–160 present, 157–158 present perfect, 11

verbs about, 9

answers, 17–21 helpers, 15–16

irregular verb forms, 12–14 matching with subjects, 26–28 practice, 260–262

word traps, 260–261

voice, parallel structure, 232–234

• W •

well, 181–182 which, 144–145

who, 129–130, 144–145 whom, 129–130, 269 word traps

about, 255 answers, 263–266

common expressions, 258–260 independent words, 261 practice, 256, 258–260 quantity words, 257

similar words, 255–256 verbs, 260–261

worse, 207 worst, 207 would, 15

writing passively, 270

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