- •1. The axiom about the potential dangers of man-made factors
- •2. Classification of hazardous substances.
- •3. Maximum permissible concentrations, emissions, exposure levels
- •4. Physical hazards and their characteristics
- •5. The permissible levels of harmful substances
- •6. Environmental Passport of an industrial enterprise.
- •7. Environmental Assessment. Basic principles of the environmental impact assessment.
- •8. The Law of the rk "On Ecological Assessment". Two types of environmental impact assessment
- •11. Effect of contaminants on human health (acute and chronic intoxication). Prevention of occupational poisoning.
- •12. Characteristics of hazardous substances used in production (ammonia, chlorine etc.). Actions in case of accidents.
- •10. Lesions. Classification based on the degree of human exposure to hts.
- •13. The concept of bacteriological (biological) weapons (bw).
- •14. Types and basic properties of bw (bacteria, viruses, rickets, fungi).
- •15. Diseases caused by biological agents and toxins (anthrax, meliodiosis, glanders, botulism).
- •16. Preventive measures at the sign of use of bacteriological agents.
- •17. Rules of conduct and actions of people at the foci of bacteriological destruction
- •18. The measures of prevention: Quarantine and observation. Disinfection and disinsection
- •19. Methods and means of application of bacterial agents.
- •20. Bw facilities developed on the territory of the Kazakhstan for the open-air testing and production of bw agents.
- •21. The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction (10 April 1972).
- •22. Protocol Obligations:The Geneva Protocol prohibits the use in war of asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases, and of bacteriological methods of warfare. (17 June 1925 France)
- •23. General characteristics of nuclear and radiological weapons
- •24. Main factors of nuclear explosion. Characteristics, effects, and impact on human health.
- •25. Medico-tactical characteristics of foci of nuclear damage
- •26. Acute radiation sickness. Radiation sickness of 1-4 degrees. Chronic radiation sickness.
- •27. Radioactive contamination
- •28. Kazakstan’s nuclear background
- •29. Kazakhstan’s International legislation on Nuclear Weapons.
- •30. The Law of the rk “On National Security”.
- •31. The principles of national security. The national interests of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- •32. The goals and objectives of national security. Threats to Kazakhstan’s national security.
- •33. The concept of national security of Kazakhstan.
- •34. Non military tools of national security.
- •35. The challenges and threats posed by globalization. Globalization in the economic, political, social, cultural spheres.
- •36. Global Problems of Mankind. The problem of technological security.
- •37. The ways out of the global crisis - the transition to sustainable development.
- •38. Problems of post-industrial society. Technological problems.
- •39. Globalization in Kazakhstan (negative factors and benefits)
- •40.The law the Republic of Kazakhstan “On combating terrorism”
- •41. Basic principles in the fight against terrorism in the Republic of Kazakhstan are:
- •43. The purpose of the legal regulation of combat against terrorism in Kazakhstan is:
16. Preventive measures at the sign of use of bacteriological agents.
Preventive measures Pathogens can enter the human body in various ways: by inhalation of contaminated air, when eating contaminated food and water, from bites of infected insect and at contact with sick people, and animals
The common symptoms of many infectious diseases are high body temperature and a significant weakness. Successful defense against biological weapons depends also on the degree of population immunity to infectious diseases and toxins. Immunity can be achieved above all by the general strengthening of the body by systematic hardening and physical education and sports, even in peacetime, these measures should be the rule for the entire population.
Immunity is also achieved by carrying out specific prevention, which is usually carried out in advance by vaccination, and vaccination of sera. Immediate protection of personnel in the period of bacteriological (biological) attack is provided by the use of individual and collective protection, as well as the use of emergency prevention, available in individual kits.
Personnel located in the hearth of bacteriological (biological) infection should comply with the rules of personal hygiene: Do not remove PPE without the permission of the commander, do not touch the arms and military hardware and property before their disinfection; do not use water sources and food products, located at the source of infection, do not come into contact with the personnel of military units and civilians not affected by bacterial (biological) agents, and do not to pass them on food, water, uniforms, equipment and other property; immediately report to the commander and seek for medical attention at the first signs of the disease (headache, malaise, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, etc).
17. Rules of conduct and actions of people at the foci of bacteriological destruction
The hearth of bacteriological lesion is called the city, other towns, the objects of national economy and the territories contaminated with bacterial agents and the sources of the spread of infectious diseases. Timely and effective measures to protect against bacterial agents, is largely determined by how well the signs of bacteriological attack of the enemy are studied.
At finding at least one of the signs of biological weapons by the enemy, you must immediately put on a mask (respirator, tissue dust mask or cotton-gauze bandage), if possible, and skin care products and to notify the nearest administrative body of the CD or medical facility. Then, depending on the situation you can hide in the protective structure (asylum, anti-radiation or simple shelter). Timely and proper use of personal protective equipment and protective structures prevent from getting bacterial agents in the respiratory system, on the skin and clothing.
18. The measures of prevention: Quarantine and observation. Disinfection and disinsection
Quarantine and observation
Quarantine is introduced with establishing the incontrovertible facts of the use of bacteriological weapons by the enemy, and mainly in cases of the use of particularly dangerous pathogens (plague, cholera, etc.). Quarantine regime provides complete isolation of the lesion from the surrounding population and is intended to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.
Observation, which provides medical supervision of the lesions and the necessary treatment and preventive measures. Isolation and restrictive measures under observation are less stringent than in quarantine.
Disinfection and disinsection
Disinfection is aimed at decontamination of environmental objects, which are necessary for normal operation and safe location of people. Disinfection, for example, of areas, facilities, equipment, machinery and various items can be carried out using fire, agriculture, construction and other equipment. In the absence of these substances for disinfection of premises, equipment, technology hot water (and soap or soda) and steam can be used.
Disinsection and rodent extermination, which are known to be carriers of infectious diseases. To kill insects physical, chemical and combined methods are used; extermination of rodents in most cases is carried out with the help of mechanical devices and chemicals. Among desinsectants the most widely used drugs such as hexa-chloral, trichlorfon and etc.