Glucose can react in the open and cyclic form. Glucose interacts with: 1)Br2 (H2O); 2) HNO3; 3) (CH3CO)2O; 4) [Ag(NH3)2]OH; 5)CH3OH (HCl). Which of the following reactions does glucose give in the cyclic form?

1. *3, 5

2. 1, 3

3. 3, 4

4. 2, 5

5. 1, 2

Which isomers of monosaccharides are called anomers? Choose the correct definition.

1. the cyclic forms of mannoses that differ only in their configuration at the С3

2. the cyclic forms of mannoses that differ only in their configuration at the С2 and С3

3. *the cyclic forms of mannoses that differ only by the position of hemiacetal hydroxyl

4. the cyclic forms of mannoses that differ only in their configuration at the С2

5. the cyclic forms of mannoses that differ only in their configuration at the С5

The change of the specific rotation of the freshly prepared monosaccharides solution is called:

1. inversion

2. isomerization

3. tautomery

4. epimeryzation

5. *mutarotation

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to hexoses?

1. xylose

2. *mannose

3. arabinose

4. ribose

5. lyxose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to hexoses?

1. xylose

2. ribose

3. arabinose

4. *glucose

5. lyxose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to hexoses?

1. *galactose

2. xylose

3. arabinose

4. ribose

5. lyxose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to hexoses?

1. xylose

2. lyxose

3. arabinose

4. ribose

5. *fructose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to pentoses?

1. *xylose

2. mannose

3. glucose

4. fructose

5. galactose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to pentoses?

1. glucose

2. mannose

3. *arabinose

4. fructose

5. galactose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to pentoses?

1. glucose

2. mannose

3. galactose

4. *ribose

5. fructose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to pentoses?

1. fructose

2. mannose

3. galactose

4. glucose

5. *lyxose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to ketoses?

1. xylose

2. mannose

3. *fructose

4. ribose

5. arabinose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to ketohexoses?

1. xylose

2. mannose

3. *fructose

4. ribose

5. lyxose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldohexoses?

1. xylose

2. ribose

3. fructose

4. *mannose

5. arabinose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldohexoses?

1. xylose

2. *glucose

3. fructose

4. ribose

5. arabinose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldohexoses?

1. xylose

2. arabinose

3. fructose

4. ribose

5. *galactose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldopentoses?

1. *xylose

2. mannose

3. fructose

4. galactose

5. glucose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldopentoses?

1. fructose

2. mannose

3. *ribose

4. galactose

5. glucose

Which of the following monosaccharides does belong to aldopentoses?

1. galactose

2. mannose

3. fructose

4. *arabinose

5. glucose

Cyclic forms of monosaccharides in the chemical condition are:

1. cyclic ethers

2. *cyclic hemiacetals

3. cyclic esters

4. anhydrides

5. cyclic hemiketals

The mutarotation is cased by:

1. the change of the configuration at the last asymmetric carbon atom

2. epimeric transformations of the monosaccharides

3. *mutual transformations of the monosaccharides formf in the solution and achievement of the equilibrium between them

4. the change of the monosaccharides cyclic forms configuration

5. the change of the configuration at the С4

The hydroxyl-group, which is formed by monosaccharides cyclization is called:

1. *hemiacetal hydroxyl

2. epimeric hydroxyl

3. anomeric hydroxyl

4. hemiketal hydroxyl

5. enolic hydroxyl

The hydroxygroup, which is formed by monosaccharides cyclization is called:

1. epimeric hydroxyl

2. *glycosidic hydroxyl

3. anomeric hydroxyl

4. hemiketal hydroxyl

5. enolic hydroxyl

D-glucose and D-mannose are epimers, because:

1. have an equal number of chiral carbon atoms

2. have the different configuration of the fifth carbon atom

3. have the different number of the chirality centers

4. are the members of the same stereochemical range

5. *have the different configuration of the second carbon atom

Phenomenon, which is cased by the change of the sucrose solution specific optical rotation during the hydrolysis, is called:

1. epimerization

2. isomerization

3. *mutarotation

4. inversion

5. tautomery

Monosaccharides in the crystalline state have:

1. cyclic struscture

2. alicyclic structure

3. epimeric forms

4. endiol structure

5. *structure that includes all tautomeric forms

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–fructose by concentrated nitrate acid:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. D–glucaric acid

3. D–mannite

4. *D–arabinaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–glucose by concentrated nitrate acid:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. *D–glucaric acid

3. D–mannite

4. D–arabinaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–mannose by concentrated nitrate acid:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. *D–mannaric acid

3. D–mannite

4. D–arabinaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–galactose by concentrated nitrate acid:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. *D–glucaric acid

3. D–mannite

4. D–galactaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the D–galactose oxidation by bromine water:

1. *D–galactonic acid

2. D–glucaric

3. D–mannite

4. D–galactaric acid

5. D–galacturonic

Determine compound, which will form after the D–glucose oxidation by bromine water:

1. D–mannite

2. D–glucaric acid

3. *D–gluconic acid

4. D–galactaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the D–mannose oxidation by bromine water:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. D–glucaric acid

3. D–mannite

4. *D–mannonic acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–ribose by concentrated nitrate acid:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. D–glucaric acid

3. D–ribonic acid

4. *D–ribaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Determine compound, which will form after the oxidation of D–ribose by bromine water:

1. D–gluconic acid

2. D–glucaric acid

3. *D–ribonic acid

4. D–ribaric acid

5. D–galacturonic acid

Which isomers of monosaccharides are called epimers?

1. hexoses that are different by the configuration of two asymmetric carbon atoms

2. *hexoses that are different by the configuration of one asymmetric carbon atoms

3. hexoses that are different by the configuration of three asymmetric carbon atoms

4. hexoses that are different by the configuration of all asymmetric carbon atoms

5. hexoses that are different by the configuration of four asymmetric carbon atoms

What reaction do monosaccharides in the cyclic form?

1. *alkylation

2. epimeryzation

3. reduction

4. ozazones formation

5. hydrazides formation

Determine what compound will form after the glucose oxidation by Felling reagent:

1. sorbite + CO2

2. glucuronic acid + Cu2O

3. gluconic acid + Cu

4. glucaric acid + CuO

5. *mixture of the oxidation products + Cu2O

D–glucose in the sodium hydroxide solution during few days forms the mixture of monosaccharides, which consists of:

1. D–glucose and D–fructose

2. D–glucose and D–mannose

3. *D–glucose, D–mannose and D–fructose

4. D–glucose, D–galactose and D–mannose

5. D–glucose, D–galactose and D–fructose

Choose the reagent that can oxidize aldoses:

1. hydrochloric acid

2. acetic acid

3. phenylhydrazine

4. *bromine water

5. sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution

Choose the reagent that can oxidize aldoses:

1. hydrochloric acid

2. *nitrate acid

3. phenyl hydrazine

4. acetic acid

5. sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution

Which of the following reactions, characteristic for aldehydes, do monosaccharides give?

1. formation of hydrosulfite derivatives

2. formation of ethers

3. formation of esters

4. *formation of phenyl hydrazones

5. interaction with fuchsine sulfite acid

What disaccharide will give reaction with Tollens reagent?

1. sucrose

2. maltose

3. amylose

4. amylopectin

5. *cellulose

Choose the end product of the cellulose hydrolysis, which will form after its heating with mineral acids:

1. D-galactopyranose

2. *D-glucopyranose

3. D-fructofuranose

4. D-maltose

5. E-lactose

What reagents can be used to distinguish maltose and sucrose?

1. *Tollens reagent

2. Reaction with α-naphthalene

3. Felling liquid

4. Fuchsine sulfite acid

5. Trommer test

What product will form after the adding of an excess of nitric mixture to cellulose?

1. cellulose mononitrate

2. cellulose dinitrate

3. cellulose sulfate

4. *cellulose trinitrate (pyroxylin)

5. cellulose disulfate

What product will form after the cellulose interaction with acetic anhydride at the presence of conc. H2SO4 (catalyst)?

1. cellulose acetate

2. cellulose diacetate

3. cellulose xanthogenate

4. *cellulose triacetate

5. cellulose sulfate

What monosaccharide is a product of starch hydrolysis?

1. *glucose

2. fructose

3. mannose

4. ribose

5. galactose

To the heteropolysaccharides the following compound belongs:

1. starch

2. cellulose

3. methyl-D-galactopyranoside

4. deoxyribose

5. *chondroitin sulfate

Nonreducing disaccharide is the following one:

1. cellobiose

2. maltose

3. *sucrose

4. lactose

5. xylose

Which of the following polysaccharides is used in the pharmacy in the production of “polyglucin’ and “rheopolyglucin”?

1. *dextrans

2. dextrins

3. cellulose

4. pectines

5. inulin

Sucrose, maltose and lactose are disaccharides. They found wide application in the food industry and medicine. With which of the proposed reagents can be identified among of these disaccharides reducing and nonreducing?

1. H2SO4

2. NaOH

3. K2CO3

4. *[Ag(NH3)2]OH

5. CH3COOH

Disaccharide form by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. What disaccharide will form after the hydrolysis of starch?

1. pyrogalose

2. lactose

3. cellobiose

4. sucrose

5. *maltose

Cellulose belongs to the polysaccharides. Choose monosaccharide, which will form after the cellulose hydrolysis:

1. β- D -fructopyranose

2. α- D -glucopyranose

3. *β- D -glucopyranose

4. α- D -fructofuranose

5. β- D -glucofuranose

Which of the following sugars does not form brick-red precipitate after the heating with Felling reagent?

1. *sucrose

2. glucose

3. lactose

4. cellulose

5. mannose

Fraction of starch is:

1. cellulose

2. maltose

3. fructose

4. *amylose

5. glycogen

Choose monosaccharides that are structural elements of sucrose:

1. only glucose

2. *glucose, fructose

3. glucose, galactose

4. only fructose

5. fructose, mannose

Which of the following disaccharides will not react with Felling reagent?

1. lactose and maltose

2. lactose

3. maltose

4. cellobiose

5. *sucrose

Disaccharides form by hydrolysis of polysaccharides. What disaccharide will form after the cellulose hydrolysis?

1. lactose

2. maltose

3. *cellobiose

4. sucrose

5. pyrogalose

From the following compounds choose reducing disaccharide:

1. inulin

2. *lactose

3. stachyose

4. sucrose

5. fructose

Choose chemical name of lactose:

1. *β–D–galactosido–1,4–?–D–glucopyranose

2. β–D–fructofuranose

3. α–D–glucopyranosido–1,2–?–D–fructofuranose

4. α–D–glucopyranosido–1,4–?– D–dlucopyranose

5. β–D–glucopyranosido–1,4–?– D–glucopyranose

Choose chemical name of maltose:

1. β–D–galactose–1,4–?–D–glucopyranose

2. β–D–galactosido–1,4–?–D–fructofuranose

3. α–D–– glucopyranosido-1,2–?–D–fructofuranose

4. *α–D– glucopyranosido –1,4–?–D–glucopyranose

5. β–D-glucopyranosido –1,4–?–D–glucopyranosido

Choose chemical name of sucrose:

1. β–D–galactosido–1,4–?–D–glucopyranose

2. 2-β–D–fructofuranose

3. *α–D–glucopyranosido–1,2–?–D–fructofuranose

4. α–D––glucopyranosido-1,4–?– D–glucopyranose

5. β–D–glucopyranosido –1,4–?– D–glucopyranose

Choose chemical name of cellobiose:

1. β–D–galactosido–1,4–?–D–glucopyranose

2. β–D–fructofuranose;

3. α–D–glucopyranosido–?–D–fructofuranose

4. α–D–glucopyranosido–1,4–?– D–glucopyranose

5. *β–D– glucopyranosido–1,4–?– D–glucopyranose

At the disaccharides hydrolysis the following compounds form:

1. esters

2. carboxylic acids and water

3. polysaccharides

4. 1 molecule of Carbon (IV) oxide and water

5. *2 molecules of monosaccharides

At the lactose hydrolysis the following compounds form:

1. α-glucose and β-fructose

2. *β-galactose and α-glucose

3. 2 molecules of β-glucose

4. 2 molecules of β-galactose

5. 2 molecules of α-glucose

At the maltose hydrolysis the following compounds will form:

1. α-glucose and β-fructose

2. β-galactose and α-glucose

3. 2 molecules of β-glucose

4. 2 molecules of β-galactose

5. *2 molecules of α-glucose

At the cellulose hydrolysis the following compounds will form:

1. α-glucose and β-fructose

2. β-galactose and α-glucose

3. *2 molecules of β-glucose

4. 2 molecules of β-galactose

5. 2 molecules of α-glucose

At the sucrose hydrolysis the following compounds will form:

1. *α-glucose and β-fructose

2. β-galactose and α-glucose

3. 2 molecules of β-glucose

4. 2 molecules of β-galactose

5. 2 molecules of α-glucose

In nature, disaccharides may exist both independently and as a part of many glycosides of plant and bacterial origin. Which of the pointed compounds are nonreducing disaccharides?

1. cellobiose

2. lactose

3. maltose

4. *sucrose

5. starch

Sucrose relates to the nonreducing disaccharides. Sucrose is decomposed into two monosaccharides after the hydrolysis. Indicate which monosaccharides are a part of sucrose molecule:

1. *glucose and fructose

2. glucose and glucose

3. glucose and galactose

4. mannose and fructose

5. fructose and fructose

It is known, that soaps are a salts of higher carboxylic acids (HCA). Which soap has a liquid consistency and is named as “green soap”?

1. calcium

2. sodium

3. *potassium

4. lithium

5. antimony

What reagent will characterize camphor as ketone?

1. HCl

2. Br2

3. NH3

4. CH3COOH

5. *C6H5NHNH2

What reagent can be used to confirm unsaturated character of camphor?

1. oxidation on the air

2. *bromine water

3. HNO3

4. HNO2

5. H2SO4

What reagent can be used to get “liquid soap” by the alkaline hydrolysis of fats (saponification)?

1. *K2CO3

2. NаOH

3. CаO

4. PbO

5. NaHCO3

Stearic acid belongs to the fats content. Chose formula of this acid:

1. C17H33COOH

2. *C17H35COOH

3. C15H31COOH

4. C17H31COOH

5. C19H33COOH

By the chemical structure fats belong to:

1. salts

2. *esters

3. carboxylic acids

4. alcohols

5. aldehydes

Alkaline hydrolysis of fats has name:

1. *saponification

2. hydration

3. hydratation

4. oxidation

5. hydrolysis

For the transformation of liquid fats into the solid fats the following reaction is used:

1. sulfonation

2. chlorination

3. bromination

4. *hydration

5. oxidation

Prostaglandins in their content have:

1. 10 carbon atoms

2. 30 carbon atoms

3. 25 carbon atoms

4. *20 carbon atoms

5. 15 carbon atoms