- •Contents
- •Unit one general operating procedures
- •Communication procedures
- •Standard words and phrases
- •Unit two
- •2.2 Automatic terminal information service (atis)
- •2.3 Departure information and atc clearance
- •Unit three start-up and taxi
- •Pushback and start-up
- •3.2 Taxi
- •Unit four take-off and departure
- •Take-off
- •Unit five en route
- •5.1 Position and level information
- •Leaving controlled airspace; entering, leaving and crossing airways
- •En route holding instructions
- •Descent
- •Unit six arrival
- •6.1 Holding instructions in the holding pattern
- •Approach
- •Unit seven landing and after landing
- •Traffic circuit
- •Missed approach and local training
- •Final approach and after landing
- •Unit eight radar control
- •8.1 Radar identification and vectoring
- •Vectoring to final approach and traffic information
- •Precision radar approach
- •Unit nine adverse weather flying
- •Low visibility and windshear
- •Thunderstorm, turbulence and icing
- •Unit ten abnormal situations
- •10.1 Essential aerodrome information
- •Problems in flight
- •Unit eleven urgency and distress
- •11.1 Urgency and communication failure
- •Distress
Standard words and phrases
EXERCISE 1 What do the following standard words and phrases mean? Use the clues in column B to help you.
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A |
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B |
1 |
say again |
a |
Consider that transmission as not sent. |
2 |
break break |
b |
Have I correctly received the following, or did you correctly receive this message? |
3 |
standby |
c |
I hereby indicate the separation between parts of the message. |
4 |
speak slower |
d |
Permission for proposed action granted. |
5 |
report |
e |
I have received all of our last transmission. |
6 |
go ahead |
f |
Pass me following information. |
7 |
affirm |
g |
An error has been made in this transmission. The correct version is… |
8 |
I say again |
h |
Wait and I will call you. |
9 |
request |
i |
I repeat for clarity or emphasis. |
10 |
correct |
j |
Proceed with your message |
11 |
break |
k |
A change has been made to your last clearance and this new clearance supersedes your previous clearance or part thereof. |
12 |
acknowledge |
l |
Repeat all, or the following part, of your last transmission. |
13 |
monitor |
m |
What is the readability of my transmission. |
14 |
verify |
n |
I hereby indicate the separation between messages transmitted to different aircraft in a very busy environment. |
15 |
contact |
o |
No, or permission is not granted, or your last transmission was not correct. |
16 |
readback |
p |
I understand your message and will comply with it. |
17 |
correction |
q |
Repeat it all, or the specified part of this message back to me exactly as received. |
18 |
cancel |
r |
Establish radio contact with. |
19 |
words twice |
s |
Yes. |
20 |
approved |
t |
Annul the previous transmitted clearance. |
21 |
negative |
u |
That is exactly right. |
22 |
roger |
v |
I should like to know, or I wish to obtain. |
23 |
recleared |
w |
Check and confirm with originator. |
24 |
cleared |
x |
Communication is difficult. Please send every word or group of words twice or, since communication is difficult, every word or group of words in this message will be sent twice. |
25 |
check |
y |
Authorized to proceed under the conditions specified. |
26 |
how do you read |
z |
Reduce your rate of speech. |
27 |
disregard |
aa |
Listen out on (frequency). |
28 |
wilco |
ab |
Let me know that you received and understood this message. |
29 |
confirm |
ac |
Examine a system or procedure |
EXERCISE 2 Listen to short exchanges a to u, between a pilot and controller and write down what you think the missing word is in each transmission. The words are from column A in EXERCISE 1.
a |
_______________ |
h |
________________ |
o |
________________ |
b |
_______________ |
i |
________________ |
p |
________________ |
c |
_______________ |
j |
________________ |
q |
________________ |
d |
_______________ |
k |
________________ |
r |
________________ |
e |
_______________ |
l |
________________ |
s |
________________ |
f |
_______________ |
m |
________________ |
t |
________________ |
g |
_______________ |
n |
________________ |
u |
________________ |
EXERCISE 3 Now read the same transmissions a to u which follow and write in the correct word from EXERCISE 2 in the spaces provided.
a |
C: |
Southern 232 confirm you’re for bay five. |
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P: |
_______________, bay five, Southern 232. |
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b |
P: |
Melbourne Ground, Southern 232, request start and pushback. |
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C: |
Southern 232, Melbourne Ground, start and push _______________, facing west. |
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c |
C: |
Southern 232 ______________ previous clearance, cleared now amended FL 370. |
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d |
C: |
Southern 232, climb to FL 140, ______________, Qantas 10 turn left heading 170. |
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e |
C: |
Southern 232, ________________ to Singapore via flight planned route. |
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f |
C: |
Southern 232, ________________ received information Sierra. |
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P: |
Affirm, received Sierra, Southern 232. |
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g |
C: |
Southern 232 ________________ Departures 134.0. |
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h |
C: |
All stations general broadcast, QNH is now 1030, ahh _______________ 1003, wind 310 degrees, 15 knots. |
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i |
C: |
Southern 232, hold short Runway 20 left, ahh _______________, cross Runway 20 left. |
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j |
P: |
Singapore Clearance Delivery, Southern 232. |
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C: |
Southern 232, Singapore Clearance Delivery, _________________. |
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k |
P: |
Ground, Southern 232, radio check on 124.7, __________________? |
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l |
C: |
Southern 232 Runway 16 right cleared for takeoff, make left turn, ___________________ make left turn. |
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m |
C: |
Southern 232, confirm your last position X-ray Charlie Mike. |
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P: |
_______________, last position Delta Tango Lima, Southern 232. |
n |
C: |
Southern 232 Taxi via Alpha Bravo and Kilo to holding point Runway 27, QNH 1016. |
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P: |
Via Alpha, Bravo, Kilo holding point Runway 27, Southern 232. |
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C: |
Southern 232, ___________________QNH. |
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P: |
ONH 1016, Southern 232. |
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o |
C: |
Southern 232 ________________ approaching holding point Alpha. |
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P: |
Wilco, Southern 232. |
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p |
P: |
Hong Kong Ground, Southern 232, ______________ taxi, received information Mike. |
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C: |
Southern 232, Hong Kong Ground, taxi to holding point Juliet Runway 07 left. |
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q |
C: |
Southern 232 for your information there are birds north of the intersection of taxiway Echo and Runway 14. |
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P: |
_________________, thanks, Southern 232. |
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r |
C: |
Southern 232 cleared to …#$%^)*&^%$#%$%# .. (Last part of message not clear). |
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P: |
Southern 232 __________________ all after cleared to. |
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s |
P: |
Singapore Approach Southern 232 passing 1500 climbing 7000 (spoken too fast). |
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C: |
Southern 232, Singapore Approach, ___________________. |
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t |
C: |
Southern 232 advise your delay. |
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P: |
Southern 232 ____________ one, we’re talking to our engineer. |
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u |
P: |
Ground, Southern 232 can you contact our company to let them know of our problem? |
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C: |
Southern 232, Singapore Ground, _________________. |
EXERCISE 4 Now listen to the full exchanges of EXERCISE 3 again and check your answers.
EXERCISE 5 For each of the situations a to k below, complete each transmission a pilot or controller would say using standard words and phrases. One has been done for you as an example.
a The pilot of Qantas 61 wishes to ask the Tower controller for the current QNH at Los Angeles Airport.
Los Angeles Tower, Qantas 61, request QNH.
b A controller instructs the pilot of Eastern 414 to climb to FL 290 and to then call ATC when the aircraft arrives at FL 290.
Eastern 414, climb to FL 290, ______________ reaching.
c The pilot of Southern 232 replies to a controller who calls and wishes to confirm POB at 265; however, the actual number of persons on board is 267.
______________, POB 267, Southern 232.
d A controller wants to make sure that the pilot of Ibisair 489 has heard the correct transponder code given as 4723.
Ibisair 489, _____________ squawking 4732.
e |
A controller wishes to make sure that the pilot of Qantas 10 has heard and understood the new ATIS information which is Sierra. |
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Qantas 10 _______________ received information Sierra. |
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f |
A controller tells the pilot of Eastern 414 that he can takeoff from Runway 20 left but wants him to make a right hand turn after takeoff, istead of the expected left hand turn. |
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Eastern 414 Runway 20 left cleared for takeoff, make right turn, ______________________, make right turn. |
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g |
The controller wishes to the Qantas 67 about helicopter Alpha 2 operating at 100 feet near the threshold of Runway 26 while Qantas 61 is on short final. The controller does not require Qantas 67 to respond to the controller’s transmission. |
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Qantas 67, no need to _______________, traffic is helicopter Alpha 2 operating abeam threshold Runway 26 at one hundred feet. |
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h |
The pilot of Southern 232 responds to an initial call from Melbourne Approach and wants to tell Approach that he is ready to receive the message. |
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Melbourne Approach, Southern 232, ________________. |
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i |
Singapore Departures wants Qantas 10 to change radio frequency to 125.25 and call Singapore Centre. |
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Qantas 10 _______________ Singapore Centre, 125.25, good day. |
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j |
The pilot of Eastern 414 tells the controller that she initially cannot see nearby traffic but while speaking, she is suddenly able to see the traffic. |
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Eastern 414, negative contact, ahh, ________________, traffic sighted. |
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k |
The pilot of Qantas 67 hears all of a long transmission from Ground Control informing him of the reason for a taxiing delay and then wishes to tell the controller that he has heard all of the information. The pilot does not need to read back any of the information given. |
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Qantas 67, ________________. |
EXERCISE 6 Listen to the transmissions, a to k of EXERCISE 5, and check your answers.
