- •Contents
- •Unit one general operating procedures
- •Communication procedures
- •Standard words and phrases
- •Unit two
- •2.2 Automatic terminal information service (atis)
- •2.3 Departure information and atc clearance
- •Unit three start-up and taxi
- •Pushback and start-up
- •3.2 Taxi
- •Unit four take-off and departure
- •Take-off
- •Unit five en route
- •5.1 Position and level information
- •Leaving controlled airspace; entering, leaving and crossing airways
- •En route holding instructions
- •Descent
- •Unit six arrival
- •6.1 Holding instructions in the holding pattern
- •Approach
- •Unit seven landing and after landing
- •Traffic circuit
- •Missed approach and local training
- •Final approach and after landing
- •Unit eight radar control
- •8.1 Radar identification and vectoring
- •Vectoring to final approach and traffic information
- •Precision radar approach
- •Unit nine adverse weather flying
- •Low visibility and windshear
- •Thunderstorm, turbulence and icing
- •Unit ten abnormal situations
- •10.1 Essential aerodrome information
- •Problems in flight
- •Unit eleven urgency and distress
- •11.1 Urgency and communication failure
- •Distress
Unit three start-up and taxi
Pushback and start-up
EXERCISE 1 Check that you remember all the standard phrases in this list.
*Stand 21, request push-back. |
Стоянка 21, прошу буксировку хвостом вперед. |
Push-back approved. |
Буксировку хвостом вперед разрешаю. |
Stand by. |
Ждите. |
Push-back at own discretion. |
Буксировка хвостом вперед на ваше усмотрение. |
Expect 1 minute delay due DC 9 passing behind to park. |
Ожидайте задержку на 1 минуту из-за DC 9, проходящего сзади на стоянку. |
*Request tow Air France 410 Boeing 747 from stand 7 to start-up area. |
Прошу буксировку Air France 410 Boeing 747 со стоянки 7 в зону запуска двигателей. |
Tow approved via apron. |
Буксировку разрешаю через перрон. |
Hold position. |
Оставайтесь на месте. |
The following phraseology should be used by the pilot and the ground crew to co-ordinate the push-back. |
|
Are you ready for push-back? |
Вы готовы к буксировке хвостом вперед? |
*Ready for push-back. |
К буксировке хвостом вперед готов. |
Confirm brakes released. |
Подтвердите выключение тормозов. |
*Brakes released. |
Тормоза выключены. |
Commencing push-back. |
Начинаем буксировку хвостом вперед. |
Push-back completed. |
Буксировка хвостом вперед закончена. |
*Stop push-back. |
Прекратите буксировку хвостом вперед. |
Confirm brakes set. |
Подтвердите включение тормозов. |
*Brakes set. |
Тормоза включены. |
*Disconnect. |
Уберите буксир. |
Disconnecting. Stand by for visual at your left / right. |
Буксир убираю. Ждите визуального сигнала слева/справа. |
|
|
*Stand 1, request start-up. |
На стоянке 1, прошу запуск. |
*Stand 15, request start-up, information Mike. |
На стоянке 15, прошу запуск, информация Майк. |
Start-up approved. |
Запуск разрешаю. |
Start up at 35. |
Запускайте двигатели в 35. |
Start-up at own discretion. |
Запускайте двигатели по своему усмотрению. |
Expect start up at 22. |
Ожидайте запуск в 22. |
Expect departure 50, start up at own discretion. |
Предполагаемый вылет в 50, запускайте двигатели по своему усмотрению. |
Slot time 1325 plus 6 minutes. |
Время-слот 1325 плюс 6 минут. |
On (upon) request. |
По запросу. |
When ready. |
По готовности. |
EXERCISE 2 Сheck that you understand all the words and phrases in this list. Look up any new words in an aviation dictionary or ask your teacher.
cockpit |
tug |
parking brakes |
to sort out |
starting sequence |
traffic congestion |
interphone |
to intend |
ground handling problem |
passenger baggage identification process |
No.3 is rotating |
missing |
face north / west / south / east |
inbound traffic |
remove all ground equipment |
outbound traffic |
ground crew |
Once the aircraft is clear, pushback approved |
EXERCISE 3 Listen to the recorded dialogue.
GC |
= Ground Crew |
|
|
P: |
Beijing Ground CCA 101 Gate 3 to Hong Kong, Information B ready for pushback and start-up. |
C: |
CCA 101 stand by. |
P: |
Standing by CCA 101. |
C: |
CCA 101 pushback and start-up approved, expect runway 36L, D08 Departure, squawk 3123. |
P: |
Pushback and start-up approved, runway-in-use 36L, D08 Departure, squawk 3123 CCA 101. |
C: |
Readback correct, call me back when ready for taxi. |
P: |
Ground cockpit good morning, ready to push. |
GC: |
Good morning, confirm parking brakes released. |
P: |
Parking brakes released. |
GC: |
Thank you, commencing pushback. |
P: |
Roger. |
GC: |
It’s OK to start all engines during the push. |
P: |
Starting sequence 4 3 2 1. |
GC: |
Approved to start engine, number 4 3 2 1. |
P: |
Number 4 coming. |
GC: |
Number 4 approved. |
P: |
Number 3. |
GC: |
Approved number 3. |
P: |
Number 2. |
GC: |
Approved number 2. |
GC: |
Pushback completed, confirm parking brakes set please. |
P: |
Parking brakes set. |
GC: |
Thank you sir. |
P: |
Start number 1. |
GC: |
Number 1 approved. |
P: |
All engines have been started, check every thing normal, disconnect interphone, thank you good-bye. |
GC: |
Roger, I disconnect the interphone, good-bye sir. |
EXERCISE 4 Make the back translation of the dialogue in EXERCISE 3 and read it in two.
EXERCISE 5 Un-jumble the words in a to f to from common transmissions related to start-up and pushback.
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Transmission |
Pilot (P) or controller (C) |
a |
start / Eastern 58 / 21 / request / Bay / up |
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b |
start / Eastern 58 / approved / up |
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c |
23 / up / at / start / time / Eastern 58 |
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d |
Eastern 58 / once / clear / the 747 / pushback / wilco / to / is / cleared |
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e |
time / start / expect / at / up / 45 / Eastern 58 |
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f |
C23 / inbound / minutes / expect / delay / 5 / traffic / for / due / Eastern 58 |
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EXERCISE 6 For transmission, a to f, in EXERCISE 5 above, write down (P) or (C) according to whether the pilot or the controller would make each transmission.
EXERCISE 7 Fill in the gaps in the model exchanges with the suitable words. Then check your answers with the recording.
1 |
P: |
Apron GDC stand 2 request ______________. |
|
C: |
GDC pushback approved. |
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2 |
P: |
Hong Kong Ground CCA 102, gate 3, ___________ pushback. |
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C: |
CCA 102 stand by, expect one minute ___________ due B747 taxiing behind, call you ___________. |
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3 |
P: |
Ground crew ready for pushback. |
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GC: |
Confirm brakes ____________. |
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P: |
Brakes released. |
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GC: |
Commencing pushback. |
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GC: |
Pushback completed confirm brakes ____________. |
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P: |
Brakes set, start __________ number 4. |
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GC: |
All clear for engine start. |
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P: |
Engine start completed, please ___________ interphone. |
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GC: |
Disconnecting stand by for visual ___________ at your left. |
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P: |
Roger. |
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4 |
P: |
Hong Kong Ground CSN 306 destination Guangzhou, bay 25, request _____________ information G. |
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C: |
CSN 306 start-up approved QNH 1008. |
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5 |
P: |
Beijing Ground CCA 101 ready to ___________. |
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C: |
CCA 101 expect departure 55, ___________ at own discretion QNH 1012. |
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6 |
P: |
Beijing Ground CCA 101 gate 2, information B, request __________ and ___________. |
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C: |
CCA 101 pushback approved stand by for start-up. |
EXERCISE 8 Use the words or phrases below to replace the parts in italics in the sentences.
1 |
P: |
Ground CCA 981 ready to pushback. |
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C: |
CCA 981 expect one minute delay due Airbus taxiing behind. |
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Selection
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2 |
P: |
Ground CSN 308 bay 25, information D, request start-up. |
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C: |
CNS 308 stand by for start. |
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Selection
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EXERCISE 9 Select the most appropriate answer out of the three choices.
P: |
Beijing Ground DLH 720 ________(1)__________ A3, request _________(2)_________. |
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C: |
DLH 720 pushback and start-up _______(3)_________ facing north. |
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P: |
_________(4)__________. |
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P: |
(To Ground Crew) __________(5)___________. |
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GC: |
Roger, confirm brakes released. |
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P: |
__________(6)__________. |
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GC: |
Commencing pushback. |
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GC: |
Pushback completed, confirm brakes set. |
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P: |
_________(7)__________. |
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GC: |
All engines approved to start up. |
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P: |
Roger. Starting number 3. |
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GC: |
Number 3 rotating. |
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P: |
All engines started. ___________(8)___________. |
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GC: |
All is cleared, good flight. |
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P: |
Thank you. |
||
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Selection 1 |
Selection 2 |
Selection 3 |
|
stop |
pushback and start-up |
approved |
|
Gate |
ATC clearance |
cleared |
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Terminal |
take-off |
stand by |
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Selection 4 |
Pushback approved, facing north, DLH 720 |
DLH 720 start-up approved, facing north |
Pushback and start-up approved, facing north, DLH 720 |
Selection 5 |
Selection 6 |
Pushback facing north |
Brakes down |
Ready for pushback facing north |
Brakes released |
Ready for start-up facing north |
Brakes relaxed |
Selection 7 |
Selection 8 |
Brakes set |
Move all ground equipment |
Brakes sit |
Shift all ground equipment |
Brakes get |
Remove all ground equipment |
EXERCISE 10 Fill in the gaps with what you hear from the recording.
1 |
P: |
Ground GBT _____________, request ____________. |
|
C: |
GBT expect ________________________ due 747 taxiing behind. |
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P: |
____________________ GBT |
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2 |
P: |
Ground CCA 104 ____________________. |
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C: |
CCA 104 pushback approved, __________________. |
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P: |
Roger, facing west CCA 104. |
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P: |
Ground, CCA 104 we have to ___________________, the __________ seems to have _________________. |
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C: |
CCA 104 ________________ when you’ve got it sorted out. |
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P: |
________________. |
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3 |
P: |
Ground CSN 302, good morning, ____________________. |
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C: |
CSN 302 there is ___________ minute ____________ this morning due to traffic congestion, your slot time is _____________. |
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P: |
__________________________. |
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4 |
P: |
Ground, BAW 054 information _____________________. |
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C: |
BAW 054 _________________, start-up ___________ minutes before. |
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P: |
Roger. Slot time _________, start-up __________________________ BAW 054. |
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P: |
(40) BAW 054, we intend to ______________ our _____________ due to _______________ baggage identification process, we have ______________ passenger missing. |
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C: |
Roger, BAW 054. |
EXERCISE 11 Listen to six aircraft request start or pushback approval. As you listen, circle True (T) or False (F) for the sentences a to f below.
a |
The controller approves Qantas 10 to push back. |
T |
F |
b |
Ibisair 867 must wait because of a 737 taxiing outbound to the runway. |
T |
F |
c |
The controller tells Eastern 421 that he can probably start up at time 29. |
T |
F |
d |
Jetstar 225 is cleared to pushback facing east. |
T |
F |
e |
Southern 196 is required to start with delay. |
T |
F |
f |
Qantas 61 needs to wait for a 717 inbound to the gate before pushback is approved. |
T |
F |
EXERCISE 12 Listen to the recording of EXERCISE 11 again and answer questions a to c below.
a |
When the controller tells the pilot of Qantas 10 ‘once that aircraft is clear, pushback approved’ he means: |
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i |
the other aircraft is clear already and pushback can occur. |
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ii |
pushback can occur now and the other aircraft is clearing now. |
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iii |
Qantas 10 needs to wait for the other aircraft to clear before pushback can occur. |
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iv |
Qantas 10 can pushback at any time but needs to be careful of the other aircraft clearing. |
b |
It is probably true that the 717: |
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i |
is going to pass behind Qantas 61. |
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ii |
will be pushing back close to Qantas 61. |
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iii |
will be using the same gate as Qantas 61. |
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iv |
is waiting for Qantas 61 to pushback. |
c |
When the pilot of Qantas 61 says ‘clear of the 717, cleared to push’ he is: |
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i |
telling the controller he is clear of the 717. |
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ii |
reading back the previous clearance. |
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iii |
confirming the last clearance with the controller. |
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iv |
reporting that he was clear of the 717 already. |
