VI. Reading.

Exercise 20. Answer the following questions:

1. Where the Greeks familiar with the electricity?

2. What three phenomena made up all of man’s knowledge of electrical effects?

3. When has man’s knowledge in the field of electricity been obtained?

4. When did the electrically operated devices begin to appear?

5. What scientists made contribution to the research on electricity?

VII. Oral Practice.

Exercise 21. Tell about early history of electricity using the following scheme.

VIII. Reading.

Exercise 22. Skim the text C.

Text C.

Static Electricity

When you read that the loss or gain of electrons produces an electric charge and electricity, you may have noticed that the words electron and electricity are similar. This similarity is no accident. Electricity depends upon electrons. In fact, electricity can now be defined as the energy associated with electrons that have moved from one place to another.

You are probably most familiar with electricity that flows through electric wires. But the movement of electrons is not always a continuous flow through a wire. Sometimes electrons can move from one object to another and then remain at rest. This type of electricity is called static electricity. The word static means “not moving”, or “stationary”.

Static electricity is the build-up of electric charges on an object. The electric charges build up because electrons have moved from one object to another. However, once built-up, the charges do not flow. They remain at rest.

Notes:

to note – помічати;

similar – схожий;

to define – визначати;

continuous – тривалий;

to move – рухатися;

to remain – залишатися;

build-up – побудова.

IX. Comprehension.

Exercise 23. Agree or disagree:

1. Electricity is the energy associated with electrons that have moved from one place to another.

2. The movement of electrons is always a continuous flow through a wire.

3. Electrons can move from one object to another and then remain at rest.

4. Static electricity is the build-up of electric charges on an object.

5. Once built-up, the charges then begin to flow and remain in motion.

X. Language.

Exercise 24. Give definitions of: a) electricity; b) static electricity.

XI. Oral Practice.

Exercise 25. Tell about static electricity. Use these questions as the plan.

1. How can electricity be defined?

2. Is the movement of electrons always a continuous flow?

3. How can electrons sometimes move?

4. How is this type of electricity called?

5. What does the word static mean?

6. What is static electricity?

7. Do the charges move once built-up?

Unit 6

I. Language.

Exercise 1. Remember the following worlds and world-combinations:

behavior – поведінка, режим (роботи);

at rest – в стані спокою;

charge – заряд;

condition – умова, стан;

copper – мідь;

to flow – текти;

in motion – в русі;

previously – раніше;

to remember – пам’ятати, згадувати;

the rest of – решта;

to travel – подорожувати;

to try – намагатися, випробовувати;

unlike – різнойменний;

as well as – також.

Exercise 2. Learn to recognize the following international words:

Static, voltage, control, contact, salt, disc, zinc, biography, negative, positive, opposite, civilization, vacuum, practical, crane, pyrometer.

Exercise 3. Read and translate the following words and their derivatives paying attention to the suffixes and the prefixes.

Charge – to charge – chargeable – to discharge – to recharge – rechargeable; to control – control – controllable; condition – conditional – to condition; negative – negation – negatively; opposite – to oppose – opposition; positive – positively; to travel – travel – traveler.

Exercise 4. Match the words with the opposite meaning (antonyms):

1. to charge 2. similar 3. at rest 4. to leave 5. familiar 6. north 7. positive 8. like 9. easy 10. ability 11. increase

1. to return 2. difficult 3. south 4. to discharge 5. negative 6. in motion 7. unfamiliar 8. dissimilar 9. unlike 10. decrease 11. disability

Exercise 5. Match the words with the similar meaning (synonyms):

1. mankind 2. to connect 3. to carry on 4. to produce 5. to return 6. to differ 7. to observe 8. current 9. to solve 10. to obtain

1. flow 2. to watch 3. to come back 4. to perform 5. humanity 6. to join 7. to get 8. to vary 9. to watch 10. to decide