Времена группы Perfect Continuous

Образование настоящего совершенного длительного времени (Present Perfect Continuous)

Лицо

Утвердительная форма

Отрицательная форма

Вопросительная форма

1-е

I have been writing

We have been writing

I have not been writing

We have not been writing

Have I been writing?

Have we been writing?

2-е

You have been writing

You have not been writing

Have you been writing?

3-е

He has been writing

She has been writing

It has been writing

They have been writing

He has not been writing

She has not been writing

It has not been writing

They have not been writing

Has he been writing?

Has she been writing?

Has it been writing?

Have they been writing?

Случаи употребления настоящего совершенного длительного времени (Present Perfect Continuous)

Употребляется для выражения:

Примеры

Длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и еще совершается в настоящее время.

I have been reading the newspaper since 5 o’clock.

Длительного действия, которое началось в прошлом и закончилось непосредственно перед моментом речи.

Although the sun is shining, it is still cold as it has been raining hard.

Показатели времени: how long, for, since …

Образование прошедшего совершенного длительного времени (Past Perfect Continuous)

Лицо

Утвердительная форма

Отрицательная форма

Вопросительная форма

1-е

I had been writing

We had been writing

I had not been writing

We had not been writing

Had I been writing?

Had we been writing?

2-е

You had been writing

You had not been writing

Had you been writing?

3-е

He had been writing

She had been writing

It had been writing

They had been writing

He had not been writing

She had not been writing

It had not been writing

They had not been writing

Had he been writing?

Had she been writing?

Had it been writing?

Had they been writing?

Случаи употребления прошедшего совершенного длительного времени (Past Perfect Continuous)

Употребляется для выражения:

Примеры

Длительного прошедшего действия, совершавшегося в момент наступления другого прошедшего действия, с указанием, как долго оно совершалось.

I had been working for two hours, when my brother came.

Длительного прошедшего действия, закончившегося непосредственно перед моментом наступления другого прошедшего действия.

He felt tired as he had been playing football for several hours.

Показатели времени: how long, for, since …

Образование будущего совершенного длительного времени (Future Perfect Continuous)

Лицо

Утвердительная форма

Отрицательная форма

Вопросительная форма

1-е

I will have been writing

We will have been writing

I will not have been writing

We will not have been writing

Will I have been writing?

Will we have been writing?

2-е

You will have been writing

You will not have been writing

Will you have been writing?

3-е

He will have been writing

She will have been writing

It will have been writing

They will have been writing

He will not have been writing

She will not have been writing

It will not have been writing

They will not have been writing

Will he have been writing?

Will she have been writing?

Will it have been writing?

Will they have been writing?

Случаи употребления будущего совершенного длительного времени (Future Perfect Continuous)

Употребляется для выражения:

Примеры

Длительного будущего действия, которое начнется ранее другого будущего действия (или момента) и будет еще совершаться в момент его наступления.

By the 1^st of June, he will have been working at the factory for twenty years.

Показатели времени: how long, for, since, by …

Simple/

Indefinite

Continuous/

Progressive

Perfect

Perfect

Continuous

начальная

форма/infinitive

to be written

to be being written

to have been written

—

тип

действия

регулярное/

повторяющееся последовательное,

однократное

длительное

совершенное

длительное

Present

Letters are written every day.

The letter is being written now.

The letter has already been written.

—

Past

The letter was written yesterday.

The letter was being written at 5 o’clock yesterday.

The letter had been written by 5 o’clock yesterday.

—

Future

The letter will be written tomorrow.

—

The letter will have been written by 5 o’clock tomorrow.

—

Future in the Past

He said that the letter would be written the next day.

—

He said that the letter would have been written by 5 o’clock the next day.

—