- •Foreword
- •Grammar Check-in
- •Verb tenses
- •1.2.Present Progressive Tense
- •1.3. Present Perfect Tense.
- •1.4.Present Perfect Progressive Tense.
- •1.5. Past Simple Tense
- •Ved or irregular verbs.
- •1.6. Past Progressive Tense
- •1.7. Past Perfect Tense
- •1.8. Past Perfect Progressive Tense
- •2. Passive voice
- •3. Modal verbs
- •3.1. Can and be able to
- •3.2. Must, have to, should, ought to, need to, be to.
- •I have to do it. Does he have to do it? We do not have to do it.
- •I need to do it. Do we need to do it? They don't need to do it (needn't do it).
- •3.3. May, might, will, would, shall
- •3.5. Contrastive use of modal verbs.
- •4. Conditionals
- •5. Gerund and infinitive
- •6.1. Singular and Plural with Quantifiers:
- •7. Prepositions
- •8. Phrasal verbs
- •8.1. Phrasal verbs with idiomatic meaning.
- •9. Adjectives and adverbs
- •10. The sentence (reported speech, questions, sentence links, conjunctions, relative clauses).
- •11. Grammar Check-out
- •11.1. Verb Tenses
- •11.2. Passive Voice
- •11.3. Modal Verbs
- •11.4. Conditionals
- •11.5. Gerund and Infinitive
- •11.6. Noun
- •11.7. Prepositions
- •11.8. Phrasal Verbs
- •11.9. Adjectives and Adverbs
- •The Sentence
- •Answer Key
1.5. Past Simple Tense
Ved or irregular verbs.
E.g. I did … We played … He went … They brought …
Irregular Verbs Reminder |
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Awake |
? |
? |
Begin |
? |
? |
? |
Bled |
? |
? |
? |
Built |
Buy |
? |
? |
? |
Chose |
? |
Deal |
? |
? |
? |
? |
Dwelt |
Feed |
? |
? |
? |
Hung |
? |
Freeze |
? |
? |
Lend |
? |
? |
Quit |
? |
? |
? |
? |
Rid |
? |
Sang |
? |
? |
Swore |
? |
? |
Threw |
? |
? |
? |
Worn |
Write |
? |
? |
1.5.1. Study the list of meanings expressed with the help of Past Simple and give your own examples.
1.Past activity |
She took a course at Oxford. |
2. Time marker |
They set out on a journey last month |
3. Fact in the past |
World War the Second began in Europe. |
4. Past situation |
The police circled in on the criminal and got him. |
5. Reported details |
The treasure weighed 10 pounds. |
6. Long-term process |
When a student I attended the students' club. |
7. Past ways |
Long ago, they would wash clothes in the river. |
8. Past habits |
He used to rise early and go for a long walk He was (got) used to rising early and going… |
9. Attitudes |
They all hated the idea of staying at home. |
10. With “when” |
When did the plane land? |
11. Narrative |
Once upon a time there lived a poor peasant. |
1.5.2. Match grammar structures with their meaning.
1. They bought this car only a week ago. |
A/ Past situation B/ Time marker C/ Fact in the past |
2. The bell rang and it was a signal to start. |
A/ Past situation. B/ Fact in the past C/ Narrative |
3. The Olympics began in Greece. |
A/ Past situation B/ Fact in the past C/ Narrative |
4. During the Olympic games all wars would stop |
A/ Past situation B/ Past ways C/ Past habits |
5. They studied two ancient languages. |
A/ Past situation B/ Past activity C/ Long-term process |
6. And they lived happily ever after. |
A/ Narrative B/ Reported details C/ Long-term process |
7. We used to go fishing early in the morning |
A/ Narrative B/ Past habits C/ Past ways |
8. He preferred sleeping rough |
A/ Past activity B/ Past habits C/ Attitudes |
9. After a car chase the criminal was arrested |
A/ Past situation B/ Fact in the past C/ Narrative |
10. The strange bird had wings but no beak. |
A/ Narrative B/ Reported details C/ Past situation |
1.5.3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate choice. Explain the difference.
Last night I … a temperature.
When … she would be home?
I … busy and have not prepared anything to eat.
The kid does not even want to look at a book but he … a lot.
He … up late every night.
Did he … to smoke a lot?
I hardly ever … him after the family moved house.
At first I hated Paris but soon afterwards I … better.
I made a lot of friends but eventually I … to leave
The prisoner got … to himself.
1. A/ had B/ took C/ ran D/ was
2. A/ she said B/ said she C/ did she say D/ she says
3. A/ have B/ was C/ am D/ did
4. A/ would read B/ read C/ used reading D/ used to read
5. A/ would stay B/ used to stay C/ got staying D/ got stayed
6. A/ used B/ use C/ get used D/ was used
7. A/ have met B/ met C/ meeting D/ meets
8. A/ used to feel B/ got used C/ would feel D/ felt
9. A/ had B/ gave C/ went D/ made
10. A/ speaking B/ got used speaking C/ spoke D/ got used to speaking
1.5.4. Fill the gaps in the text below with verbs. Use the words given by changing the form if necessary (the words are given in a random order and can be used more than once).
In a village there … a poor widow with her daughter. They … in an old house with a roof full of holes. The old women … to go the forest to fetch some wood in winter and strawberries in summer. Once in summer, the mother … ill and the girl had to go to the forest to pick up strawberries. She … a pot and a piece of bread and …. When the pot … full of strawberries, she … to a well, … the bread and … to eat it. It … just noon. Suddenly an old woman …. She … like a beggar and … a pot in her hand. The old woman asked for a piece of bread. The girl … the woman all her lunch. In return, the woman … the girl a pot that … gruel. The woman … the pot and …. When the girl … home, she … everything to her mother and … the pot on the table. Suddenly the gruel … to be cooked. They both … down and … the gruel. There was more and more gruel and they … looking at the pot. The gruel was everywhere and … to run out of the house. Soon there was a hill of gruel in the village and when the farmers … to get home, they … eat the path through the gruel hill. |
Would Take Begin Have Sit Go Tell Freeze Come Appearance Want Give Be Put Look Eat Use Cook Live |
1.5.5. GRAMMAR-GLOSS. Read the text only once and write a free version of what you have read. Focus on Past Simple (you can use other tenses as well).
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A professor in Oxford proposed a controversial new theory on how people first began to speak. Modern human beings appeared in Africa more than a hundred thousand years ago and had a language by thirty thousand years ago. At that period the wiring of our brains changed and this allowed humans to develop the language. This change increased the division between the two halves of our brain. One side of the brain, usually left, became free to develop speech. This change happened only to some humans and this advantage allowed their offspring to dominate. Another theory is that language developed gradually over a long period of time. A great deal of debate has sparked on this controversial issue and has been going on for years. The reason is that language development has left no traces or hard evidence on the ground to study its origin and growth. All we have is guesswork based on other sciences such as biological anthropology.
1.5.6. Write about the reasons that led to extinction of dinosaurs on Earth (climate, food, glaciers, asteroid, bacteria etc). Focus on Past Simple.
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