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7.Read and translate the text in writing:

Electricity Basics

Electricity is something we do not notice until we do not have it. However, few people understand what it is and still fewer can explain it. Let us try it anyway.

So, what is electricity? Electricity is simply a movement of charged particles through a closed circuit. The electrons, which flow through this wire, carry a negative charge. A lightning discharge is the same idea, just without the wire.

Electricity is made by converting some form of energy into flowing electrons at the power plant. The type of power plant depends on the source of energy used: thermal power (coal, oil, gas, nuclear, underground steam), solar power (photovoltaic), kinetic power (water, wind) and chemical power (fuel cell).

After it is made, electricity is sent into a system of cables and wires called a transmission grid. This system enables power plants and end users to be connected together.

The basic notions in electricity include the following.

Tungsten Filament High Resistance

An Amp (A) is a unit measure of the amount of current in a circuit. An ammeter permits the current to be measured.

Molybdenum Wires Low Resistance

Glass Bulb

Very High Resistance

(Insulator)

The pressure that forces the current to flow is measured in Volts (V). A transformer is used to change the voltage of electricity. This allows electricity to be transmitted over long distances at high voltages, but safely used at a lower voltage.

A Watt (W) is a unit measure of electric power that depends on amps and volts. The more watts the bulb uses the more light is produced. Watts = Volts x Amps.

a) overhead conductor wires,

b) magnetic field,

c) capacitor,

An Ohm (0) is a unit measure of materials resistance to a flowing current. The filament in this light bulb glows because its high resistance makes it hot. Low resistance of the support wires does not let them glow. The glass has a resistance so high that it does not allow the current to move through it - this property makes glass a good insulator.

9.Provide answers to the questions below.

1. What is electricity and an electron?

2. How is electricity produced?

3. What types of power plants do you know?

4. What is the function of the transformer?

5. How does the light bulb work?

6. Glass is a poor insulator, isn't it?

10. Match the words with the similar meaning.

to convert to solve to absorb to seem to supply usually huge to think

to tackle

large

to turn into

to provide

to consider

to appear

to capture

normally

11. Make up all possible word combinations.

Array

huge

electrical

inexhaustible

to power

metal

to supply

amount

energy

resource

cars

surface

heat

solar

12. Find in В the derivatives from the words in A.

А В

1. to pollute - power, pollution, production, pressure

2. to charge - change, research, discharge, consumer

3. to power - solar-powered, overcharge, operation, piping

4. to exhaust - explanation, expensive, efficiently, inexhaustible

5. to vary - vice versa, variation, weekly, invention

6. new - well-known, consequently, renewable, efficiency

7. complete - competition, completely, tremendous, economical

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