Rickets

Children may suffer from rickets from an early age. The reason for it is the lack of vitamin D₂. As a result the body needs more phosphorus and calcium. The bones become soft and can easily break. It affects one’s central nervous system and internal organs. The first symptoms of rickets are: insomnia, sweating, the softening of the scull. The ribs become thicker. The chest is deformed. Legs change their shape. Children often suffer from cold, constipation and anemia. Vitamin D₂ is used to treat rickets. Children must be fed correctly. They must be given milk, juices and vegetables. They must be in the open air. They must have coniferous baths. Massage is also of great use.

II. To learn the words:

Выучить слова:

1. rickets – рахит

2. reason – причина

3. the lack of – недостаток

4. affect – поражать

5. internal – внутренний

6. anemia – анемия

7. constipation – запор

8. vegetables – овощи

III. Answer the questions:

Ответить на вопросы:

1. At what age do children suffer from rickets?

2. Why do people contract rickets?

IV. Write down the sentences with modal verbs.

Выписать предложения с модальными глаголами.

Level II Task № 5

I. Read and translate the text «Measles».

Прочитать и перевести текст «Корь».

Measles

Measles is a dangerous infectious disease. Three month babies may catch it. Older children are also subject to it.

Measles is a viral disease. The symptoms of the disease are: a high temperature, cough, a cold in the head, white spots on the cheeks, swollen eyes. Five days later there appears rash. The disease lasts ten-twelve days. The sick child must stay in bed. The child must drink much. Care must be taken of the mouth, nose and eyes. Cough must be also treated. To prevent the disease children must be inoculated.

Those children, who have had contacts with a sick child must be quarantined.

II. To learn the words:

Выучить слова:

1. measles – корь

2. dangerous – опасный

3. rash – сыпь

4. to last – продолжаться

5. to take care of – заботиться

6. to treat – лечить

7. to be inoculated – быть привитым

8. to be quarantined – помещать в карантин

III. Answer the questions:

Ответить на вопросы:

1. Is measles a dangerous infectious disease?

2. What children are subjected to it?

3. What are the symptoms of the disease?

IV. Write down the sentences with modal verbs.

Выписать предложения с модальными глаголами.

Level III Task № 1

I. Read and translate the text «Anatomical and physiological characteristics of tissues and mouth cavity».

Прочитать и перевести текст «Анатомическая и физиологическая характеристика зубов и ротовой полости».

Anatomical and physiological characteristics of tissues and mouth cavity

The normal development and growth of the organism, to a great degree depends on good nourishment. A good digestion of food depends on the state of one’s mouth and teeth.

In people’s life new teeth appear twice. The first time it is the so called «baby teeth». They appear when an infant is six or eight months old. By the age of two a baby has twenty teeth. The second time new teeth appear at the age of five or six. By that time baby teeth fall out. Before fourteen baby teeth are as a rule replaced. Thus children must have twenty baby teeth and a grown-up must have from twenty eight to thirty two teeth.

Teeth are situated in the mouth cavity. They play a very important role in the well-being of a body. With the help of the teeth food is processed so to speak both mechanically and chemically.

If food is processed badly, it will not be absorbed by the organism properly and it may lead to the malfunction of the stomach and intestines. Teeth take an active part in the formation of sounds and speech.

II. To learn the words:

Выучить слова:

1. growth – рост

2. nourishment – питание

3. to depend on – зависеть

4. tooth – зуб (teeth – зубы)

5. to fall out – выпадать

6. to replace – замещать

7. mouth cavity – ротовая полость

8. to process – обрабатывать

9. to absorb – впитывать

10. malfunction – неисправность

11. stomach – желудок

III. Answer the questions:

Ответить на вопросы:

1. What does the normal development and growth of the organism depend on?

2. Does a good digestion of food depend on the state of one’s mouth and teeth?

3. At what age do new teeth in the mouth cavity appear?

4. Do teeth take an active part in the formation of sounds and speech?

IV. To retell the text.

Пересказать текст.

Level III Task № 2

I. Read and translate the text «Surgery».

Прочитать и перевести текст «Хирургия».