Раздел 2. Geological Sciences (Геологические науки) (4 часа) Урок 8. Словообразование.

Meet the Sciences. What is Science?

Словообразование.

В английском языке процесс словообразования происходит в основном путем прибавления суффиксов и приставок к основе слова.

1. Суффиксы имен существительных:

- ician – academician

- er, -or – engineer, doctor

- tion – solution

- ology – ecology

- ity – uniformity

- ment – experiment

- ance – significance

- ing – weathering

- age – breakage

2. Суффиксы имен прилагательных:

- able – valuable

- ent – dependent

- ible – visible

- ate – separate

- ic – academic

- ish – English

- ive – active

- ful – useful

- less – useless

- ous – advantageous

3. Суффикс наречия:

- ly – easily

4. Суффиксы имен числительных:

- teen – fourteen

- ty – forty

-th – fourth

Приставки:

- dis – disagree

- in – indefinite

- re – rewrite

Meet the sciences. Geological Sciences

Science is a creative and dynamic activity. It is an expression of human experience. Science involves observation and measurement, imagination and hypothesis, communication and criticism.

A scientist

1. observes and measures objects of physical world;

2. analyses behavior of matter and energy;

3. generalizes observations and measurements;

4. develops theories.

Thus, 1) a scientist identifies and classifies multiple facts and data;

2) generalizes facts of specific character;

3) deduces conclusions;

4) illustrates conclusions with different facts of reality.

5) communicates with his collogues through the scientific literature, in scientific meetings, and in informal person-to-person seminars and discussions.

Thus, modern science is communication.

Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is science?

2. What does science involve?

3. What does a scientist do?

Урок 9. Словообразование.

Geological Sciences.

Geology And The Importance Of Being A Geologist

Geology is the study of the planet Earth, and is concerned with the origin and development of the Earth, and with the structure of both the surface and the interior of the planet.

To geological sciences we refer the following sciences: geophysics, petrology, mineralogy, oil and gas geology, hydrogeology, ecology, etc.

Geologists study the processes which act both on and within the Earth, and try to interpret the processes and conditions. The evolution of the planet has involved a wide range of physical, chemical and biological processes, and thus the geologist must have a broad scientific training.

Many of the Earth’s major resources are found in the rocks on or within the Earth. These include mineral resources, such as metals and building materials; energy resources, such as coal, petroleum and the Earth’s heat; and water resources. Applications of geology include the prediction and mitigation of geological hazards, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruption and landslides. The science of geology and its many applications play a major part in the economy of the nations of the world.

Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is geology?

2. What do geologists study?

3. Where are the Earth’s major resources found?

4. What types of resources do you know?

5. What do applications of geology include?