1. Прочитайте интернациональные слова вслух и, основываясь на значениях соответствующих русских слов, определите их значение.

Сomplex, mixture, organic, molecular, gas, temperature, condition, form, phase, proportion, diagram, condensate, natural, composition.

2. Прочитайте и переведите следующие глаголы.

To occur, to consist of, to use, to include, to depend on, to produce, to dissolve, to contain, to condense, to form, to mix, to pressurize, to condition, to be composed of.

3. Подберите эквивалентный перевод словосочетаний из колонки а в колонке в.

А crude oil light hydrocarbons naturally occurring underground oil reservoir light crude oil organic compound mixture of hydrocarbons heavy hydrocarbons natural gas gas condensate phase diagram oil well

B нефтяная скважина диаграмма состояния смесь углеводородов легкая нефть органическое соединение тяжелые углеводороды природный газ сырая нефть существующий в природе подземная нефтяная залежь газовый конденсат легкие углеводороды

4. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Передайте на русском языке основное содержание текста.

Petroleum (from Latin “petroleum”, from Greek “πετρέλαιον”, literally “rock oil”) or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid found in rock formations in the Earth consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, plus other organic compounds.

The term “petroleum” was first used in the treatise De Natura Fossilium, published in 1546 by the German mineralogist Georg Bauer, also known as Georgius Agricola.

In its strictest sense, petroleum includes only crude oil, but in common usage it includes both crude oil and natural gas. Both crude oil and natural gas are predominantly a mixture of hydrocarbons. Under surface pressure and temperature conditions, the lighter hydrocarbons methane, ethane, propane and butane occur as gases, while the heavier ones from pentane and up are in the form of liquids or solids. However, in the underground oil reservoir the proportion, which is gas or liquid, varies depending on the subsurface conditions, and on the phase diagram of the petroleum mixture.

An oil well produces predominantly crude oil, with some natural gas dissolved in it. However, because the underground temperature and pressure are higher than at the surface, the gas may contain heavier hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, and heptane in the gaseous state. Under surface conditions these will condense out of the gas and form natural gas condensate, often shortened to condensate. Condensate resembles gasoline in appearance and is similar in composition to some volatile light crude oils.

5. Определите, являются ли следующие утверждения верными в соответствии с текстом упражнения 4.

1. An oil well produces crude oil and natural gas dissolved in it.

2. Petroleum is naturally occurring, non-flammable liquid.

3. Crude oil is predominantly a mixture of hydrocarbons.

4. The underground temperature and pressure are lighter than at the surface.

5. Gas condensate is similar in appearance to some heavy crude oil.