- •Isbn 978 – 5-7509 -1011-3
- •Введение
- •Part I British history
- •Medieval england
- •Tudor england
- •The conflict between king and parliament The Civil War
- •The levellers
- •The Agricultural Revolution
- •The restoration of the monarchy
- •The 18th century
- •The Industrial Revolution
- •Victorian britain
- •The rise of the working class
- •Britain’s decline as a world power
- •World war I
- •The years of depression
- •World war II
- •Post-war reconstruction Labour’s triumph
- •The affluent society
- •The “Swinging Sixties”
- •The seventies
- •Britain and ireland
- •The thatcher revolution
- •Climate and weather
- •Lowland britain
- •London and the home counties
- •Windsor castle
- •Did you know ?
- •Is John Smith really Britain's most common name?
- •What is the national costume of England?
- •Is it true that the kilt was invented by an Englishman?
- •Part II the united states of america the struggle begins
- •Georgia
- •The washingtons' plantation
- •George washington's boyhood
- •Washington and lord fairfax
- •Washington the young surveyor
- •The bone of contention
- •Washington's trip to the french camp
- •The french and indian war begins
- •General braddock's expedition
- •William pitt's military campaign
- •James wolfe's victory
- •Britain makes the colonists pay for the war
- •Acts on taxes
- •The youth of benjamin franklin
- •Competent scientist and diplomat
- •Franklin's favourite proverbs published in his "poor richard's almanac"
- •The townshend acts
- •Boston massacre
- •The war of independence begins
- •Independence declared
- •Thomas jefferson
- •Stars and stripes
- •Independence is won
- •It is interesting to know american celebrations
- •Wave the flag mr. President
- •George w. Bush quick quiz
- •Stars and stripes
- •How to become a us President
- •American food
- •As American As Apple Pie
- •Popcorn - a favourite american snack
- •The Story of mcdonald’s
- •Delicious and refreshing
- •The first new yorkers
- •American high school traditions
- •Homecoming
- •Did you know?
- •Thanksgiving day
- •Did you know ?
- •Test 3 How much do you know about the United Kingdom?
- •Библиографический список
- •347366, Ростовская обл.,
Введение
Данное учебно - методическое пособие по своей практической направленности и методическим основам отвечает требованиям Программы по английскому языку.
Учебно – методическое пособие содержит необходимые материалы по наиболее интересным и важным темам, предусмотренной программой по иностранным языкам для неязыковых направлений.
Цель пособия – совершенствование навыков изучающего и поискового чтения на базе текстов о социально – культурных, исторический изменениях в Америке, расширение кругозора студентов, культурных и социальных изменениях страны изучаемого языка и обогащение их лексического запаса.
Тексты имеют достаточное для успешного тестирования лексическое, грамматическое и фразеологическое наполнение, в них учтен опыт лучшей учебной литературы.
Учебно – методическое пособие состоит из трех частей: первая посвящена Великобритании, вторая часть – Соединенным Штатам Америки, третья часть – лингвострановедческие тесты. Тексты первой части содержат набор коммуникативных упражнений, направленных на совершенствование устной речи. Тексты второй части сопровождаются списком слов и выражений, которые могут вызвать затруднения при первичном ознакомлении с каждым текстом или желательных для запоминания и последующего употребления. Отдельные тексты имеют мини-словарь имен собственных. Чтобы закрепить полученные лексические и грамматические знания, рекомендуется после прочтения текстов выполнить упражнения и ответить на вопросы.
Лингвострановедческие тесты помогут проверить полученные знания о социальной, культурной жизни Великобритании и Америки. Ряд тестов снабжён ключами.
Пособие предназначено для самостоятельной работы студентов очной и заочной форм обучения, а также поможет студентам подготовиться к зачётам, экзаменам и Интернет - тестированию и по иностранному языку.
Part I British history
PRE-NORMAN BRITAIN
The Iberians brought their metal-working skills and the first real civilization to Britain in the third millennium B.C. and were then overrun by the various Celtic invasions that began in the 8th century B.C. The Celts introduced their tribal organization and an early form of agriculture before they were forced westwards into Cornwall, Wales and Ireland (where the Celtic language still exists in different forms) by the Roman invasion begun by Claudius in 43 A.D.
The Romans ruled Britain for over two hundred years and left behind three things of importance: their roads, the sites of important cities (notably London), and the seeds of Christianity. The Latin way of life - villas, arts, language and political organization - all vanished, however, after the invasions from Northern Europe by the Angles, Saxons and Jutes from the 5th century onwards.
These pagan peoples were easily converted to Christianity and the preachers from Rome brought with them learning and civilization. Christianity was an important factor in enabling the various kingdoms created by the Nordic invaders to be united under Egbert in the 9th century. The Vikings (the name means 'warrior') first raided England to plunder it, then in the days of Alfred of Wessex they began 'to win wide lands to plough and to rule. In the 10th century England fell under Danish rule, with King Canute finally managing to unite the Anglo-Saxons and Danes at the beginning of 11th century.
Exercise 1. Complete this chart.
People |
Dates |
Characteristics/achievements |
1 Iberians |
3000 B.C. |
metal working, first real civilization |
2 .............................. |
................................... |
........................................................... |
3 .............................. |
................................... |
........................................................... |
4 .............................. |
................................... |
........................................................... |
5 .............................. |
................................... |
........................................................... |
Exercise 2. The Celtic language exists today in the form of Scottish Gaelic, Irish Gaelic and Welsh. Here is same phrase in four languages:
English
Scottish Gaelic
Irish Gaelic
Welsh
Our Father, who art in Heaven .. .
Ar n-athair a tha air neamh .. .
Ar n-atheir, atá ar neamh .. .
Ein Tad, yr hwn wyt yn у nefoedd
Do you know any words in these languages? The Scottish name for a lake? The Irish name for Dublin? The Welsh name for a competition of dancing, singing and poetry?
