- •Аракин 2 курс.Grammar exercises
- •The indicative mood
- •Revision exercises on tense and voice
- •(To Units One—Three)
- •1. A) Comment at» the use of the Present Indefinite and the Present Continuous:
- •B) Use the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •2. Translate the sentences into English, using I hear and I am told where possible:
- •3. A) Comment on the Present Perfect and the Present Perfect Continuous:
- •B) Use the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous instead of, the infinitives in brackets:
- •C) Translate these sentences into Russian:
- •4. Use the Past Indefinite or the Present Perfect instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •5. A) Comment on the Past Indefinite, the Past Continuous, the Past Perfect and the Past Perfect Continuous:
- •B) Use the required past tense instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •6. Translate the sentences into English, paying attention to the use of tenses:
- •7. A) Comment on the use of the future tenses (the Future Indefinite, the Future Continuous and the Future Perfect):
- •B) Use the required future or present tense instead of tee infinitives in brackets where necessary:
- •8. Use the reguired tense instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •9. Replace the Infinitives in brackets by the required tense, paying attention to the sequence of tenses:
- •10. Change the following from direct into indirect speech:
- •11. Use the required teases instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •12. Think of a suitable context to use the following sentences:
- •13. Translate these sentences Into English:
- •14. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets:
- •15. Comment on the use of tenses in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •16. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •17. Use the required tenses instead of the infinitives in brackets and comment on their use:
- •I8. Pay attention to the use of the Continuous tenses. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •The subjunctive mood and the conditional mood (To Units One—Three)
- •19. Name the oblique moods used in the following sentences and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •20. Comment on the mood of the verb in the following sentences:
- •21. Complete the following sentences a) using the Conditional Mood;
- •B) using the Subjunctive Mood:
- •22. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
- •23. Change into sentences of unreal condition:
- •24. Translate these sentences into English:
- •25. Comment on the use of the Subjunctive Mood and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •26. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
- •27. Comment on the use of the Conditional Mood and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •28. Translate the sentences into English, paying attention to the use of the Conditional Mood:
- •29. Supply the correct mood of the verbs in brackets:
- •30. Translate the sentences into English paying attention to the use of the Subjunctive and the Conditional:
- •31. Comment on the use of the Old Present Subjunctive and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •Modal verbs1
- •33. Comment on the form and meaning of the verb can. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •34. Use the verb can in the correct form followed by the appropriate infinitive:
- •35. Translate Into English, using; the verb can;
- •36. Comment on the form and meaning of the verb may. Translate the sentences into Russsian:
- •37. Translate these sentences into English, using the verb may.
- •38. Fill in the blanks with the verbs can or may in the correct form:
- •39. Point out the oblique moods and modal phrases with can and may. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •40. Translate these sentences into English, using can or may.
- •41. Comment on the meaning of the verb must. Translate the sentences into Russian;
- •42. Translate the following sentences Into English:
- •43. Change the following sentences from Active into Passive:
- •44. Fill in the blanks with the verbs can, may or must:
- •45, Translate these sentences into English, using the verbs can, may, mash
- •46. Comment on the meaning of have to. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •47. Fill in the blanks with must or have to:
- •48. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative:
- •49. Change the following statements into disjunctive questions:
- •51. Comment on the use of must, have to, be to and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •52. Comment on the meaning of the verb need:
- •53. Fill in the blanks with didn't have to or needn't have:
- •54. Fill in the blanks with mast, have to, be to or need:
- •55. Translate the sentences into English, using must, ham to, be to or need:
- •56. Comment on the meaning of the verb ought. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •57. Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use ought (oughtn't) followed by a correct form of the infinitive:
- •58. Fill in the blanks with ought, have to, be to or need followed by the appropriate infinitive:
- •59. Comment on the meaning of the verb should. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •60. State whether should is auxiliary or modal:
- •61. Translate the sentences into English, using must, ought, should, need, have to or be to:
- •62. Comment on the use of should for the sake of emotional colouring. Pay attention to the structure of the sentences and the word combination it is found in:
- •63. Pay attention to the use of should in subordinate clauses after some verbs and expressions.2 Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •64. Fill in the blanks with mast, should or need:
- •Shall, will
- •65. Comment on the modal colouring of the following sentences with shall:
- •66. Comment on the meaning of will and would. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •67. Comment on the meaning of shall and will. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •68. Replace shall and will with the suggested alternative verb, making any necessary changes:
- •69. Fill in the blanks with should or would:
- •70. Translate the sentences into English, using should or would:
- •Revision exercises on mood and modal verbs
- •71. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the appropriate oblique mood:
- •72. Answer the following questions:
- •73. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the oblique moods:
- •74. Translate these sentences into English:
- •75. Translate the following sentences Sato English. Pay attention to the use of the oblique moods;
- •76. Complete the following sentences:
- •77. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the oblique mood:
- •78. Translate these sentences into English. Pay attention to the use of the oblique moods:
- •79. Comment on the meaning of the modal verbs and translate the sentences into Russian;
- •80. Use the verbs can oi may.
- •81. Fill in the blanks with should, need, hare to with the appropriate form of the Infinitive:
- •82. Translate the sentences into English, using modal verbs:
- •83. Insert tee appropriate modal verb:
- •84. Translate the sentences into English using modal verbs:
- •87. Use the appropriate foia» of the infinitives in brackets:
- •88. Translate these sentences Into English, paying attention to the form of the infinitive:
- •(To Units Seven—Nine) The Infinitive
- •85. Comment on the forms of the infinitives:
- •86. Supply the missing forms of the following infinitives:
- •89. Put to where necessary before the infinitives:
- •90. Translate the following sentences into Russian, paying attention to the use of the particle to, which implies the verb already mentioned:
- •91. Respond to the following questions or statements, using the phrases from the list in brackets:
- •94. Make up sentences, using the following phrases with attributive infinitives:
- •95. Translate these sentences into English, using attributive infinitives:
- •96. Point out Infinitives of result and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •97. Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use infinitives of result:
- •98. Translate the sentences into English, using infinitives of result:
- •99. State the functions of infinitives in the following sentences:
- •100. Translate the sentences into English, using infinitives:
- •101. Paraphrase the following sentences, making the object of the infinitive the subject of the sentence:
- •102. Make up sentences, using the following adjectives with infinitives (follow the examples of the previous exercise):
- •103. Point out the Complex Object and the Complex Subject with the Infinitive. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •104. Translate the sentences into English, using the Complex Object or the Complex Subject:
- •105. Replace the clauses in the following sentences with infinitive phrases:
- •106. Comment on the infinitive phrases and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •107. Paraphrase, using "for-phrases" with infinitives:
- •108. Complete the following, using a suitable infinitive phrase:
- •109. Make up sentences, using the following infinitive phrases parenthetically:
- •110. Translate the sentences into English, using infinitives:
- •The Gerund
- •111. Point out the Gerund and comment on its noun and verb characteristics. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •112. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund of the verbs in brackets:
- •113. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund and insert prepositions where necessary:
- •114. Comment on the functions of the Gerund in the following serlences:
- •115. Use the appropriate form of the Gerund. Insert prepositions where necessary:
- •116. Translate these sentences into English, using the Gerund:
- •117. Point out complexes with the Gerund and comment on their function? in the following sentences;
- •118. Make up sentences, using the Gerund after the following verbs:
- •119. Point out gerunds and verbal nouns. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •120. Translate into English, using the Gerund:
- •121. Use the Gerund instead of the subordinate clauses. Insert prepositions if necessary:
- •122. Complete the following, using the Gerund:
- •123. Translate the sentences Into English, using the Gerund;
- •The Participles
- •124. Point out the First Participle and state its functions in the sentence:
- •125. Use the appropriate form of the First Participle of the verbs brackets:
- •126. Translate the sentences into English, using the First Participle:
- •127. Point out the Complex Object with the First Participle. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •128. Use the Infinitive or the First Participle of the verbs in brackets to form a Complex Object:
- •129. Point out the "Nominative Absolute" construction and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •130. Translate the sentences Into English, using the First Participle:
- •131. Replace the attributive and adverbial clauses in the following sentences by participle phrases:
- •132. Replace the participle phrases in the following sentences by attributive or adverbial clauses:
- •133. Translate the sentences into English, using attributive participle phrases, where possible:
- •134. Point out the Second Participle and state its functions in the sentence:
- •133. Replace the attributive clauses in the following sentences by phrases with the Second Participle, where possible:
- •136. A) Translate the following word-groups into English. Pay attention to the place of the Second Participle:
- •B) Make up sentences with the word-groups you have translated.
- •137. Point out the Complex Objects with the Second Participle. Translate the sentences into Russian;
- •Revision exercises on the verbais
- •138. State the function of the Infinitive in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •139. Complete the following sentences, using infinitives or infinitive constructions:
- •140. Use the Gerund or the Infinitive of the verbs in brackets. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:
- •141. Translate the sentences into English, using the Gerund:
- •142. State whether the -ing- form is a participle, a gerund or a verbal noun:
- •143. Point out the verbals and comment on them:
37. Translate these sentences into English, using the verb may.
1. Давайте подождем немного. Он, возможно, еще придет. 2. Она, может быть, ничего об этом не знает. 3. Многое может показаться нам необычным в чужой стране. 4. Мой вопрос, возможно, озадачит вас, но все же я хочу задать его. Можно? 5. «Тетушка, можно мне взять еще кусок сахару?» — спросил Том. 6. Может, это всех вас удивит, но я получил приглашение к ним на вечер. 7. Можно остаться дома, а можно и сходить в кино, 8. Позвони Нику, он, возможно, уже видел новый фильм. Спроси, стоит ли его смотреть. 9. В самом деле, Джон, ты мог бы объяснить мне с самого начала, насколько это было важно. t0. Если вы бывали в Лондоне, вы, возможно, заметили, что это город контрастов. 11. Я не знаю, где она, может быть, в саду, а, может быть, ушла в библиотеку. 12. Никто не отвечает. Может быть, он еще не вернулся с работы. 13, Я думаю, он, возможно, не знает всех деталей, но основная идея ему ясна. 14. Может быть, это невежливо, но я скажу ему, чтобы он больше не приходил. 15. Если бы он не столкнулся с нами случайно в метро, мы бы, возможно, никогда его больше не встретили. 16. Мне тоже можно прийти, не правда ли? 17. Вполне возможно, что они ждут нас внизу. 18. Боюсь, мы можем опоздать. 19. Надеюсь, мы встретим там вашу сестру. 20. Оки боялись, что их, возможно, спросят, почему Том не пришел с ними. 21. Как бы поздно вы ни вернулись, я буду ждать вас. 22. Я принес вам большой ящик, чтобы вы могли упаковать ваши книги.
38. Fill in the blanks with the verbs can or may in the correct form:
1. When you get there tell them to wait. I... be a little late. 2.1 ... come at six. I'll be free by that time. 3. ... this old man be Tom Brown? He ... not have changed so much! 4. None of us know what... happen before it is finished. 5. This ... be a great idea. It ... also be a trap in which England will perish. 6. I'm not sure, but she ... have gone to the village shop. 7. I told them he ... be in the garden. 8. Sh! She ... hear you. 9. How strange!... you believe that? 10.1 haven't seen her for ages. She ... be quite middle-aged by now. 11. Don't send him away. We ... need his advice. 12. I fear they ... miss the train. They left rather late. 13. It ... be seen that he was puzzled. 14. Why do what... never be needed? 15. People ... chatter about her, but they don't know anything definite against her. 16. He ... not have thought of this himself. Who suggested it to him? 17. He... be a medical student though I'm not sure. 18. But what more he ... have said I don't know for I left. 19". You ... tell me what he said! I have a right to know. 20. Miss Carter ... have gone to the school to call on Mr. Ever-ard. 21. Then he found that he ... not stay in bed. 22.1... not swim. I expect you .... Everyone ... except me. 23. You ... have warned me beforehand! 24. He ... not have said that. I don't believe you. 25. It was a year or two ago, or it... be three years ago. 26. She came to ask her mother if she ... stay and dance a little longer.
39. Point out the oblique moods and modal phrases with can and may. Translate the sentences into Russian:
1. — Will you be coming again this year, Mr. Welch?
— I might manage it, I suppose.
2. It might never have happened if you'd sent him to a real doctor when he first got sick.
3. "That wouldn't surprise me in the least," Bertrand said, standing aside so that Margaret could pass him.
4. She glanced up quickly as if she had been expecting to be asked this, but he couldn't tell whether she was glad or sorry when it came.
5. — Can you stop talking about it?
— I wish I hadn't said what I did say. I was a fool. I acted like a perfect fool.
6. I think they got back before us. They might have got a taxi.
7. — Why didn't you tell me?
— I couldn't. It wouldn't have done me any good.
8. But for your kindness and understanding I couldn't have done it all in so short a time.
9. I wish I had my car here so that I might drive you home.
10. Had she been a man she might have been described as a bright young man of business.