Тема 14. Особистості, життя яких пов’язанe із економікою, зокрема фінансами

Тема 15. Мовлення, пов’язане із офісною діяльністю.

План заняття

1. Герцог Веллінгтон.

2. Поведінка підчас співбесіди із англомовним роботодавцем.

3. Поняття про неособові форми дієслова. Інфінітив.

Навчальні цілі

Засвоїти лексичні одиниці та оволодіти комунікативними компетенціями, які забезпечують адекватну мовленнєву поведінку в ситуаціях, пов’язаних з розумінням і наданням інформації відносно особистостей, життя яких пов’язане із економікою, зокрема фінансами;а також відносно поведінки підчас співбесіди із англомовним роботодавцем, та під час написання листа подяки; сформувати поняття про неособові форми дієслова, навчитись вживати інфінітив.

Обладнання, яке потрібне для проведення практичного заняття: навчальний посібник [1, 2, 3].

Методичні рекомендації та завдання до практичного заняття

1. Прочитайте (швидко) текст 1, намагаючись зрозуміти його якомога точніше та повніше.

TEXT 1

WELLESLEY WELLINGTON OR IRON DUKE

Iron Duke was British army commander during the Napoleonic Wars and later prime minister of Great Britain (1828-30). Wellington twice reached the zenith of fame with a period of unexampled odium intervening. By defeating Napoleon at Waterloo he became the conqueror of the world’s conqueror. False pride, however, never prevented him from retreating either on the field or in Parliament, and for the country’s sake he supported policies that he personally disapproved. In old age, he was idolized as an incomparable public servant – the Great Duke. Reaction came after his death. He has been rated an over-cautious general and, once, Britain’s worst 19th-century prime minister. Today there is widespread appreciation of his military genius and of his character as an honest and selfless politician, uncorrupted by vast prestige.

Wellesley was the fifth son of an earl. Too withdrawn to benefit from his Eton schooling, he was sent to a military academy in France. His widowed mother thought he was “food for powder and nothing more.” At the age of 18, he was commissioned in the army. At 24, though in debt, he proposed to Catherine Pakenham but was rejected. Arthur abandoned heavy gambling to concentrate on his profession. As lieutenant colonel of the 33rd Foot by purchase, he saw active service, learning from his superiors’ blunders. After failing to obtain civil employment, he was glad to be posted to India in 1796.

In India, he adopted a regime of abstemiousness and good humour, and exploited his talents at service. All the successful qualities he later exhibited on European battlefields were developed in India: decision, common sense, and attention to detail; care of his soldiers and their supplies; and good relations with the civilian population. Napoleon was unwise in later writing him off as a mere “Sepoy{for the Indians only} general.” Wellesley returned to England in 1805 with a knighthood.

Wellesley’s new assignments were disappointing: but he felt he must serve wherever duty required. One duty was to marry his faded Kitty in 1806; another was to enter Parliament.

In the Napoleonic Wars, Wellesley did not intend to be “half beaten before the battle began”. Such was the effect with continental armies. Wellington led defensive, scorched-earth policy and confirmed his soldiers’ trust in him. He was nicknamed “nosey” by his men, and “the beau” by his officers, for his slim five feet nine inches, the perfectly cut civilian clothes he preferred to wear, his wavy brown hair, and brilliant blue eyes. Wellington invaded France, thus ending the Peninsular War, that was only four days after Napoleon had abdicated. Already marquess and field marshal, he was now created a duke, with the nation’s gift of £500,000.

With Napoleon on Elba, Wellington was appointed ambassador to France to the restored Bourbon court. The victory of Wellington and the Prussian field marshal Blücher at Waterloo established the Duke as Europe’s most renowned hero. “I hope to God that I have fought my last battle,” he said, weeping for the fallen. “It is a bad thing to be always fighting.” His hope was fulfilled. As commander in chief during the occupation of France, he opposed a punitive peace, organized loans to rescue French finances, and advised withdrawal of the occupying troops after three years. For these policies he won the gratitude of the peace congress, returning home in 1818 with the batons of six foreign countries.

Wellington’s experiences abroad prevented him from ever becoming a party politician. His identification was with the party of law and order. The phrase “retained servant of King and people” and variants of it were used repeatedly by the Duke of himself and aptly suggest the self-dedication for which he is chiefly honoured.

Many amusing personal peculiarities in clothes and correspondence, together with a gift for repartee, made him a “character” as well as a hero. Some modern historians have objected to the posthumous title Iron Duke on the reasonable grounds that he was neither cold nor hardhearted. Yet he himself often boasted of his iron hand in maintaining discipline. His engaging simplicity and extraordinary lack of vanity were expressed in a favourite saying, “I am but a man.”

2. Складіть розгорнутий план тексту та випишіть незнайомі слова.

3. Поставте сім запитань до тексту.

2.1. Прочитайте (швидко) текст 2, намагаючись зрозуміти його якомога точніше та повніше.

TEXT 2

DRESSING FOR A JOB INTERVIEW AND COMING FOR THE APPOINTMENT CORRECTLY

What you wear depends on the type of job for which you are interviewing. In this, you also need your common sense. For example, a person going on an interview for a gob as tennis pro would not wear his whites and carry a racket. A man would wear a business suit or a sport coat and slacks, a shirt, and a tie. A woman would wear a daytime dress or coordinated suit or jacket and skirt. A man interviewing for a corporate position would wear a business suit; a woman applying for the same job would again wear a daytime dress or business coordinates.

Your appearance is the first factor an interviewer notices about you. So, it should be as favorable and professional as possible. The most important factors are neatness, cleanliness, and appropriateness. Excessive jewelry or makeup and elaborate, dressy, sheer, or tight clothing are not appropriate. Grooming should be immaculate, with hair and nails clean. Buttons should not be missing; hems and cuffs should not be frayed or raveling. Shoes should be clean and shined, and should not be run down at the heel.

You should not be earlier than ten minutes for an appointment. Promptness is very important; being extremely early is no better than being a little late, which is equally annoying. Arriving ten minutes before the time, ask where the washroom is and quickly check your appearance.

You should wait to be asked to sit down upon entering the office. If a specific chair is indicated for you, be seated there. If, however, the chair is not comfortable or you find yourself squinting into a window or bright light, it is perfectly all right to say, “That light is shining directly into my eyes and making it difficult for me to see you. If you don’t mind, I’m going to change to that chair”. If no particular chair is indicated, select one that positions you across from the interviewer to enable you to maintain eye contact and to talk without having to twist around in your chair.

There are things that you should not do on an interview because they are ill-mannered. Do not chew gum; do not smoke unless invited to do so; do not slouch; do not ask for refreshment (unless you are coughing and need a glass of water to recompose yourself); do not fiddle, tap or bounce; and do not monopolize the conversation with endless personal narrative. Do have a firm handshake, listen and maintain eye contact both when speaking and when listening.

2.2. Складіть розгорнутий план тексту та випишіть незнайомі слова.

2.3. Поставте сім питань до тексту.

1. Для ознайомлення з поняттям про неособові форми дієслова, а саме інфінітиву вивчіть Unit 55 підручника R. Murphy “English Grammar in Use”, Unit 10 J. Dooley, V. Evans “Grammarway”, а також підручник Кучина Н.М., Літвішко Т.Є., Токун І.І. “Вивчаємо граматику англійської мови: Технологія формування граматичних навичок. Частина 2: Неособові форми дієслова. Умовний спосіб”, розділ «Інфінітив». Основна література: [3]

2. Щоб навчитись вживати інфінітив, виконайте наступну ситуаційну вправу:

Вправа 1. Перекладіть речення англійською мовою.

1. Сподіваюсь, що мені підвищать зарплату. (to give a pay rise)

2. Вибачте, що говорю це, але ваша робота незадовільна. (to say)

3. Я не можу дозволити собі купувати щось зараз. (to buy)

4. Вона не може вирішити, на який час запросити замовників. (to invite)

5. Він не хоче, щоб його призначали менеджером з продажу. (to appoint)

6. Хотів би я бачити її обличчя, коли ти повідомиш їй цю новину! (to see)

7. Партнери домовилися продовжити переговори наступного тижня. (to continue)

8. Вона прагне поїхати у гори влітку. (to go)

9. Ви заслуговуєте, щоб вам платили більше. (to pay)

10. Чи важко вивчати англійську мову? (to learn)

11. Дівчина прикидалася, що не бачить мене. (to see)

12. Вони не знали, як дістатися туди на машині. (to get)

13. Коли ви почали вивчати англійську мову? (to learn)

14. Нам хотілося б знати, чи пропонуєте ви які-небудь знижки. (to know)

15. Вченому не вдалося довести свою гіпотезу. (to prove)