- •Part I scientific work and studies unit I. Training Scientists in Russia
- •Words and word combinations to be memorized
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions on the text.
- •2. Form nouns from the following verbs, translate into Russian:
- •8. Work in pairs asking these questions. Give both short and full answers.
- •Unit II. Postgraduate Studies in England
- •1. Answer 10 “What questions” on the text:
- •2. Form nouns from the following verbs, translate into Russian.
- •Words and word combinations to be memorized
- •Exercises
- •7. Translate into English.
- •Unit III. At a Scientific Seminar
- •Words and word combinations to be memorized
- •Exercises
- •1. Answer the following questions on the text:
- •2. Form nouns from the following words with the help of suffixes used for people’s activities, specialities or professions. Translate into Russian, think of your own examples.
- •9. Work in small groups. Ask your partners questions about the theoretical part of their work. Use the following words and expressions.
- •Part II
- •International Business trip Unit I. An Invitation
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •2. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents:
- •3.4. Study the ways of concluding the letter:
- •3.5. Choose the correct way to close your letter depending on the greeting:
- •4. Write a letter of acceptance of an invitation according to the following plan:
- •1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:
- •2. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Unit II. Arriving in England
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •Listen and practise a. Meeting at the airport
- •1. Listen to the conversation at the airport and answer the questions:
- •2. Work in pairs. Change some of the details in the conversation (names, jobs, places, the reasons for the visit, etc.). Act out the scene, then swap roles.
- •B. Checking in at the hotel
- •1. Alex Samarin and Paul Davis are checking in for the room at the hotel. Listen to the conversation and decide where the questions “a-e” go.
- •R.: Thank you. (2) ………………………………….?.
- •2. Work in pairs and act out this conversation.
- •3. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents:
- •Reception
- •1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions where necessary:
- •2. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Unit III. The First Day in London a. Speaking on the phone
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •2. Act out the conversation:
- •3. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents:
- •4. Decide which of the verbs fit best in the following sentences. What other verbs could you use instead?
- •Are you ready to order? How much is that?
- •3. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents:
- •1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:
- •3. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Unit IV. Conference Registration
- •A. Getting registered.
- •1. Samarin is getting registered for the conference. Listen to the conversation and decide where the questions “a-d” go. A. Do you mean I must have it typed?
- •B. Looking through the file.
- •2. Read the dialogue and check your answers:
- •4. Work in groups. Find out about your partners’ experiences of looking after an English-speaking visitor. Ask questions about:
- •1. Match the English words with their Russian equivalents.
- •Unit 5. The Opening Session.
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •2. Fill in the empty spaces with these words:
- •3. Write the English equivalents of the following phrases and complete the sentences with your own ideas.
- •4. Act as a chairman giving an opening address at an international conference. Include the following points:
- •B. Outlining the conference programme
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •3. Imagine that you are the chairman of the scientific committee speaking to the participants of a conference. Address the audience and give general information about the conference:
- •1. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:
- •2. Translate into English.
- •Unit VI. A Working Group Session
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •A. Presenting a paper.
- •1. Read and translate the text.
- •B. Holding the discussion
- •3. Recollect the phrases from “Increase your vocabulary” which can be used during the discussion in order:
- •2. Translate into English.
- •Unit VII. Good-bye, London
- •Increase your vocabulary
- •A. Confirming the flight
- •B. Saying good-bye
- •2. Imagine that you are parting with an English colleague. Act out the farewell.
- •3. Learn the dialogue b and act out the parting following this conversation. Revise
- •1. Match 1-7 to a-g
- •2. Translate from Russian into English:
- •Part III
- •Grammar in scientific context
- •Unit I. Tenses in the Active Voice
- •The present simple tense
- •The past simple tense
- •The future simple tense
- •The present continuous (progressive) tense
- •The past continuous tense
- •The future continuous tense
- •The present perfect tense
- •The past perfect tense
- •The future perfect tense
- •The past perfect continuous tense
- •The future perfect continuous tense
- •Revision of tenses
- •Unit II. The passive voice
- •Unit III. The Sequence of Tenses
- •Unit IV. Modal verbs
- •Unit V. Conditional sentences
- •Unit VII. The gerund
- •Unit VIII. The participle
- •Unit X. The Complex Sentence
- •Unit XI. Multifunctional Words
- •Text I Scientific imagination.
- •Text II National Research Council
- •1. Read the text and write an abstract of the text in 3 sentences.
- •Text III New trains, new business
- •1. Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each
- •Text V Eurobot designed to handle mundane tasks in space
- •1. Read the text and decide if the following statements are true (t) or false (f):
- •Text VI Sound-activated toys
- •1. Read the texts. Refer to the list below and fill in the blanks with the best word(s).
- •Text VII a new gene
- •1. Read the texts. Refer to the list below and fill in the blanks with the best word or words.
- •Part V supplement Opening phrases
- •List of words and expressions
- •List of questions
- •Simulation Game
- •International Scientific Conference “Modern Technologies”
- •1. The Opening Address
- •2. Outlining the symposium program.
- •3. Plenary Session
- •K.B.: Ms Poslamovskaya, what is of particular interest in your work?
- •4. Break Socializing during the break
- •(After the break)
- •5. Working Group Session on Chemical Engineering.
- •6. Closing notice
- •Grammar Reference Система видо-временных форм английского глагола в действительном залоге
- •Группа времен Simple
- •Present Simple
- •Past Simple
- •Future Simple
- •Группа времен Continuous (Progressive)
- •Группа времен Perfect
- •Present Perfect
- •Past Perfect
- •The Sequence of Tenses
- •Modal verbs
- •Глагол can (could)
- •Глагол may (might)
- •Глагол must
- •Глаголы should и ought to
- •Conditional sentences
- •The infinitive
- •The gerund
- •The participle
- •Список литературы
- •Содержание
- •400131, Г. Волгоград, пр. Ленина, 28
- •400131, Г. Волгоград, ул. Советская, 35
Unit II. The passive voice
Exercise 1. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
1) The article has been published. 2) When he entered the laboratory a new device was being tested. 3) The discovery was made by the team of our laboratory. 4) No attempts have been made to list all the contributions in which different procedures have been developed and later used. 5) The data is being collected and studied now. 6) The article had been translated by the time the chief of the laboratory came back. 7) The candidate thesis is submitted. 8) More evidence will be obtained to support the idea. 9) When he returned to the university an interesting experiment was being made. 10) The report has been listened to with great attention.
Exercise 2. Find the corresponding idea in the right-hand column.
ACTIVE |
PASSIVE |
They often translate English texts. |
The experiment was made yesterday. |
They are doing their homework. |
It has already been done. |
They made the experiment yesterday. |
The test had been finished when the teacher came. |
They were doing it from 5 till 7 o’clock yesterday. |
The apple pie will have been baked by 2 o’clock in the afternoon. |
They have already done it. |
English texts are often translated. |
They will repair the device tomorrow. |
The homework is being done now. |
They will have baked the apple pie by 2 o’clock in the afternoon. |
It was being done from 5 till 7 o’clock yesterday. |
They had finished the test when the teacher came. |
The device will be repaired tomorrow. |
Exercise 3. Identify the passive structures followed by a preposition and give Russian equivalents of the following sentences.
l) This method has been referred to in an earlier paper. 2) I do not think this instrument can be relied upon. 3) The data cannot be accounted for by the existing theory. 4) At the beginning of the lecture the laboratory assistant was sent for by the lecturer. 5) The invention was spoken of at the meeting of our stuff. 6) He is a good specialist; his advice can always be relied on. 7) The report is very interesting; the speaker is being listened to with great attention. 8) The latest research is much spoken about. 9) Some aspects of the foregoing topics are dealt with in the next chapter. 10) The prolongation of life may be thought of as a feat of endurance rather than a race against time. 11) The best of treatment was generally agreed upon.
Exercise 4. Make the sentences passive. Use by... only if it is necessary to say who does / did the action. The first sentence is done for you as an example:
Shakespeare wrote "Hamlet". - "Hamlet" was written by Shakespeare.
1) People are using computers in all kinds of work. 2) My supervisor gave me a new task. 3) They are repairing your car now. 4) People in Chile speak Spanish. 5) They listen carefully to his advice. 6) Electricity drives this car. 7) Somebody will tell you where to go. 8) This monograph touches upon the problem of vital importance. 9) They granted her leave in September. 10) The Chinese invented gunpowder. 11) They don’t sell stamps in bookshops. 12) The directors are still considering your application.
Exercise 5. Small group work. List as many activities as you can in five minutes that are being done within a kilometre of the classroom. Which group has the most ideas?
Example: Cars are being driven.
Exercise 6. Election campaign. You are preparing part of the candidate’s campaign for election to a post in the local government. What sort of things should your candidate promise in order to gain votes: what should he or she undertake?
For example: A new school will be built.
Work in small groups and work out a program of what will be done, each group for a different candidate, and write it out. Then one member of your group as ‘the candidate’ should present the program. You can help them while they are doing that! Finally, one of the candidates will be elected in a democratic election!
Exercise 7. Write down five things that are normally done by men, five things that are normally done by women, and five that are normally done equally by both. Share your ideas: do you agree with each other? Discuss whether these things can/might/should be done by a member of the opposite sex - and what will happen if they are.
Exercise 8. Transform the sentences to the passive:
They asked him to show the first-year students the new equipment of the laboratory.
They use this term in many specialities.
When the professor entered the lab, the new lab assistant greeted him.
Someone was adjusting the equipment while I was there.
They have invited her to the conference.
She will send her paper to the Organizing committee of the conference.
Have you changed anything?
How soon will they submit the paper?
Have they tested all the machines?
Exercise 9. Put in the words in the correct form of the passive.
I) At the conference the speaker (to ask) a lot of questions. 2) We (to tell) about the discovery. 3) Unfortunately he (not/to offer) any help. 4) They (to give) all the necessary information. 5) The laboratory (to promise) financial support. 6) He already (to sign) his papers. 7) Next week you (to send) to Moscow on business. 8) The team of the laboratory (to give) a difficult problem to solve. 9) The new lab assistant (to teach) to use modern equipment by the chief of the laboratory now. 10) I am sure that his work (to complete) by the end of the month. 11) I can’t show you my written work as it (not/to return) by my teacher. 12) The question which (to discuss) now at the conference is very important.
Exercise 10. Practice orally by using impersonal passive structures as shown in the model.
Model: We have found that... - It has been found that...
1) I must admit that... 2) He has found that... 3) Everybody accepts that... 4) I believe that... 5) The author hopes that... 6) Scientists sometimes say that... 7) Most people assume that... 8) Physicists recognize nowadays that...
Now finish those sentences with ideas of your own.
Exercise 11. Translate into English.
1) Не входите! Там идет эксперимент. 2) Эти документы только что подписаны директором. 3) Когда вы позвонили, эксперимент был завершен. 4) На эту статью часто ссылаются. 5) На него можно положиться. 6) Я уверен, его будут слушать с большим вниманием. 7) Вопрос будет рассматриваться в следующей главе. 8) O его проекте много говорят. 9) В настоящее время предприняты многочисленные попытки усовершенствовать эту конструкцию. 10) За экспериментальной работой последовало теоретическое обоснование полученных данных. 11) Считают, что эксперимент будет завершен к первому марта. 12) Ученого попросили изложить свою точку зрения относительно этой гипотезы. 13) За докладом последовала бурная дискуссия. 14) Предполагается, что полученные расчетные данные были проверены экспериментально.