3. Answer the following questions:

1. What do you know from the history of hydraulic system?

2. What is a hydraulic system?

3. What is the neat thing about hydraulic systems?

4. What is the basic idea behind any hydraulic system?

5. What is the difference between master cylinder and slave cylinder?

6. What is the great thing about hydraulic systems?

7. What is a fundamental feature of hydraulic systems?

3. Match the words with their definitions:

force, system, piston, air, load, pipe, cylinder.

1. The mixture of gases which surrounds the earth and which we breathe.

2. A tube used for carrying liquids or gas, often underground.

3. The amount of work that must be done by a machine.

4. The tube within which a piston moves backwards and forwards in an engine or piece of machinery.

5. Measurement of a power that changes or may produce change of movement in a body on which it acts or presses.

6. A part of an engine consisting of a short solid pipe-shaped piece of metal that fits tightly into a cylinder, it is moved up and down by means of pressure.

7. A group of related parts which work together forming a whole.

5. Make up word combinations from the following words, translate them into Ukrainian.

1. incompressible a) machines

2. innovative b) bubbles

3. hydraulic c) cylinder

4. huge d) fluid

5. master e) pipe

6. oil-filled f) methods

7. air g) system

5. Decide whether the statements below are true or false:

   1. In usual case hydraulic ratio is combined with a mechanical force or torque ratio for optimum machine designs.

   2. There are many hydraulic systems that have come about since the first use of such systems were invented.

   3. The neat thing about hydraulic systems is that it is very difficult to add force multiplication or division to the system.

   4. The history of hydraulic systems takes us into the world of technological progress and construction.

   5. The pipe can also fork, so that one master cylinder can drive only one slave cylinder.

   6. A simple hydraulic system consists of four pistons and an oil-filled pipe connecting them.

   7. A fundamental feature of hydraulic systems is the ability to apply force or torque multiplication in an easy method.

7. Translate the following words and word combinations into Ukrainian:

hydraulic system, piston, efficient, oil-filled pipe, force, incompressible fluid, cylinder, efficiency, master cylinder, slave cylinder, multiplication, air bubble, huge machines, hydraulic equipment, innovative methods, workload, force, compression, torque, efficiency, shape, division, agility, strength, load, pipe, construction, surface, countless, leverage, action.

8. Finish the following sentences:

1. The basic idea behind any hydraulic system is …….

2. In normal case hydraulic ratio is combined …….

3. The great thing about hydraulic systems is …….

4. On any construction site you see …….

5. A fundamental feature of hydraulic systems is …….

6. You see hydraulics at car service centers …….

7. The neat thing about hydraulic systems is …….

9. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.

machinery, system, workload, fluid, hydraulic, efficiency, machine.

1. ratio for optimum ….. designs

2. to supply leverage to a …..

3. ….. of the hydraulic system

4. hydraulically-operated …..

5. to use an incompressible …..

6. a simple hydraulic …..

7. neat thing about ….. systems

10. Imagine that you are an examiner and you have to prepare some question cards on the topic «Hydraulic System». Read the text once more and give subtitles to each paragraph of the text in order to use them as the examination questions for the students.