Unit 5 Beto

PLAN, ARRANGEMENT
We use be to + simple infinitive to describe plans, arrangements (often formal) for the future. We use was/were to + simple infinitive to describe plans, arrangements in the past (we don’t know whether it happened or not). We use was/were to + perfect infinitive to describe plans, arrangements (often formal) in the past that didn’t happen.	The Dutch delegation is to arrive for talks with Chinese officials next week.Наступного тижня голландська делегація прибуде на перемовини з представниками китайського уряду. They are to be married in September. Вони збираються взяти шлюб у вересні. I felt excited because I was soon to move abroad to begin a new life. Я почувавсязбудженим, оскільки скоро мав виїхати закордон, щоб почати нове життя. Our partners were to have signed the contract last week, but they changed their minds. Наші партнери мали підписати контракт минулого тижня, але передумали.
ORDER
We use be to + simple infinitive to give an order.	You are to wait until I return. Ви маєте чекати поки я не повернусь. Tell her she is not to open the door to any strangers. Скажи їй, щоб вона не відчиняла двері незнайомцям.
DUTIES
We use be to + simple infinitive to speak about formal duties.	All staff in our bank are to wear white shirts and green kerchiefs or ties. Усі працівники нашого банку мають носити білу сорочку та зелену хустку або краватку.
DESTINY
We use was/were to + simple infinitive to talk about things that were destined to happen.	This discovery was to have a major effect on the treatment of rare diseases of the brain. Цьому відкриттю судилося відіграти значну роль у лікуванні рідкісних захворювань мозку.
AIMin if-clauses
We use be to + simple infinitive in if- clauses to introduce an aim when you are saying what must be done in order to achieve it.	We must start fighting bureaucracy immediately if we are to break with corruption. Ми повинні негайно почати боротьбу з бюрократією, якщо ми хочемо перемогти корупцію. If people are to live healthy lives, they must care deeply about environmental issues. Якщо люди хочуть жити здоровими, вони повинні звернути особливу увагу на проблеми навколишнього середовища.
INSTRUCTIONS
We use be + passive infinitive ininstructions (on medicine bottles, official notices).	The tablets are to be taken thirty minutes before meals. Таблетки треба приймати за тридцять хвилин перед прийомом їжі.

Exercise 1. Translate into Ukrainian and comment on the wordsin bold type.

1. You need to work much harder if you are to have any chances of passing the exam. 2. Mark’s graduation ceremonyis to be held on Thursday. 3. The company isto pay compensation to its former employees. 4. If the university is to keep its international reputation, it must first invest in better facilities for students. 5. You are to do your homework before you go for a walk. 6. ‘Mummy, can I go to the party tonight?’ ‘Yes, but you are not to be back late.’ 7. Pollution from cars became a major problem. People were to face health problems. 8. The cough syrup is to be taken every four hours. 9. The opening ceremony of the Olympic Gamesis to take place on 6th September. 10. He was to have settled our business matters in Paris, but he decided to postpone his trip at the last minute. 11. Local authorities are to keep the streets clean. 12. Harry was very keen on aviation. He was to build a military career, like his father. 13.The tablet is to be dissolved in water before use.14. People areto speak the truth when questioned in court. 15. Steve should be a health-conscious consumer and learn more information about the food he buys if he is to get fit and stay fit. 16. The new hospital is to be opened with great ceremony in February. 17. This medicine is not to be taken internally. 18. The state is to protect its citizens against external enemies. 19. Margaret Thatcher had a great influence on British politics and on British life. She was to become one of the country’s leading politicians. 20. My twenty-year high school reunion was to take place last Friday. Unfortunately, I was overloaded at work that day and couldn’t come. 21. You are to sit down and be quiet until I am back. 22. Carol was just sixteen, but she playedthe guitar in a band. She was to have a great future. 23. You should advertise in the local paper if you areto attract more customers. 24. The drug is to be taken from the onset of the infection. 25. Teachers are to ensure that students are not injured whilst they are in their care.

Exercise 2. Put the following sentences in context.

Example: A party of Japanese businessmen is to visit the factory next week.

We are busy with the preparations for the interview. A party of Japanese businessmen is to visit the factory next week. The event will be widely covered by the mass media.

1. A delegation from Nigeria is to arrive on Monday afternoon to have talks with the Ukrainian prime minister. 2. You are to pay damages totalling £30,000. 3. The police are to enforce the law (забезпечувати виконання закону).4. Their son was to become a great mathematician. 5. You should install anti-virus software if you are to keep your documents safe. 6. Under the terms of the contract, the workers were to have finished the job yesterday. 7.The medicine is to be taken three times a day. 8. The university lecturers are to report about their scientific research at least once every six months. 9. The tablet is to be dissolved in 125 ml of hot water. 10. They were not to meet again. 11. If Jim is to lose weight, he shouldn’t go hungry. 12. The eye drops are to be put in three times a day. 13. While on holiday, the Ukrainian foreign minister was to pay an unofficial visit to China last week. 14. Now that the problem has been identified, appropriate action is to be taken. 15. If you are to travel in August, I’d advise buying your tickets well in advance. 16. You are not to touch anything! 17. She was to have a brilliant future. 18. Ann is to arrange a surprise party for Russel’s birthday. 19. The ointment is to be applied directly to burned skin. 20. ‘You are to hold your fireuntil the enemy comes closer,’ the commander ordered. 21. You must change your attitude if you are to pass your exams. 22. The secretaries in our company are to answer the phone and type letters. 23. He was not to be a great painter, but he had the confidence to be a successful one. 24. We are to attend the banquet at an Italian restaurant near Leicester Square. 25. Rail companies are to provide safe transportation.

Exercise 3. Translate into English and commenton the modal verbs.

1. «Ти повинен стрибати з парашутом (to do a parachute jump), коли я зроблю такий знак», – сказав інструктор. 2. Українї судилося стати найбільшим експортером сільськогосподарських товарів (agriculture exporter) у світі. 3. Якщо хочеш утримувати вівчарку, (tokeepaGermanshepherd) назбирай гроші (tosaveupforsmth) на новий будинок. 4. Той, хто останнім йде з офісу, повинен його зачиняти (toclose up). 5. Пастилки для розмоктування від кашлю (coughdrops)треба приймати кожні три години. 6. Джеф (Jeff)виграв величезну суму грошей і йому судилося здійснити свою дитячу мрію поступити до Гарварду. 7. За умовами договору (underthetermsoftheagreement), будівельники мали закінчити роботу наприкінці року. 8. Працівники нашого офісу мають регіструватися на біометричній системі обліку робочого часу (toregisteronthefingerprintscanner) коли приходять на роботу та йдуть з роботи. 9. Якщо хочеш добре грати на музичному інструменті, тренуйся (to practise) кожного дня. 10. Студенти мають прочитати певну літературу (todoreadingassignments) перш ніж прийти на заняття. 11. Ви маєте здати твір з історії (historyessay) до кінця тижня. 12. Горло треба полоскати соленою водою кожного дня. 13. «Ніку, ти маєш залишитись після занять (tostaybehindafterschool) щоб поговорити з директором», – сказала вчителька. 14. «О котрій годині я повинен починати працювати? » «Ви повинні приступати до виконання своїх обов’язків (towork)о дев’ятій ранку». 15. Цього року я маю опублікувати статтю про засвоєння мови (apaperonlanguageacquisition). 16. Якщо хочеш бути якомога довше у хорошій формі, тренуйся, правильно (right) харчуйся та висипайся (togetplentyofsleep). 17. «Ви маєте сидіти на своїх місцях тихо», – сказала вчителька дітям. 18. Учора я повинен був зустріти сестру в аеропорту, але мене затримали (tobedelayed) на роботі. 19. Ми з чоловіком вирішили окремо провести відпустку. Але за неочікуваним поворотом долі (bysomequirkoffate) ми забронювали номери у тому ж самому готелі. Нам судилося провести відпустку разом. 20. Гра між Барселоною та Реал Мадридом повинна була відбутися у середу. Футбольний матч відмінили (to call off) через погану погоду. 21. «Ви маєте менше палити (to cut down on cigarettes)», – сказав лікар. 22. «Що входить до моїх обов’язків?» «Ви повинні брати працівників на роботу та звільняти їх уразі потреби».23. Минулого року сильний землетрус стався у їх регіоні. Їм не судилося жити у своєму рідному місті. 24. Якщо хочеш розвивати навички роботи на комп’ютері (todevelopyourcomputerskills), піди на заняття (totakeacourse).25. Наступного року вона їде до Франції по програмі обміну студентами (on a student exchange).

Exercise 4. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the modal verbs and commenton their use.

1. In American universities teaching fellows … (to send)students information, help grade the class etc. 2. The foreign minister … (to hold) talks with his Chinese counterpart. 3. ‘You … (to shoot) intruders on sight (стріляти без попередження),’ the boss said to the guard. 4. If you … (to build) a career in TV production or in the film industry, send a résumé and examples of your work. 5. Andy and I were on the same plane. We … (to meet) after seven years of parting. 6. ‘You …(to defend) the borders,’ the commander told his troops. 7.This nasal spray … (to be used) by adults or children above twelve.8. You need to learn to manage your time more effectively if you … (to cope) with everything. 9. The pill … (to be taken) three times a day after meals. 10. Local councillors (члени міської ради) … (to serve) the community (населений пункт). 11. If you … (not to be cheated) by employers, you should know your rights and duties. 12. Irene had been interested in history and politics since childhood. She … (to be) a political analyst. 13. You… (to tell) her everything before she finds it out from someone else. 14. The workers of our cleaning company …(to keep)premises clean and tidy. 15. The US and Columbian authorities … (to have) several hours of negotiations on Tuesday. 16.Sue was naturally skinny. She … (to be) a fashion model.17. Both sides … (to sign) a treaty reducing long-range missiles (ракети дальньої дії). 18. The ear drops … (to be put) in two times a day.19. Under the Geneva agreement, the French force … (to remain) in South Vietnam until July 1956. 20. ‘Sam, you … (to take) antibiotics,’ the doctor said, ‘we can treat this condition quite successfully with them.’ 21. Parents … (to see) that their children attend school. 22. Mary had learned a lot of culinary skills from Gerard, she … (to win) in that culinary show. 23. The prime minister … (to met) other European leaders for talks. The meeting was postponed indefinitely. 24. This ointment … (to be used) to reduce rash. 25. The government must pass stricter anti-pollution laws if people … (to reduce) pollution.