Unit 8. Clothes and Shopping

Text 1. Some Hints and Tips on Smart Shopping for Clothes

Our interest in clothes goes far beyond their use as a shelter. For most of us clothes are an expression of our personalities. We also wear them to show our membership in special groups. Clothes serve several important purposes. So, when choosing clothes, we need to think about durability, comfort and ease as well as style, pattern and color. Nobody can really afford to neglect their appearance. Just as we use clothes to express ourselves, other people use them to know what kind of people we are. To be well dressed, we need something more than a collection of slacks, sweaters, skirts and shoes. We should think about the things we do and the places we go to.

There are some buying techniques that can always help you:

choose versatile items

They may be suitable for more than one season of the year or they can be worn for different types of occasion.

coordinate colors and styles

If your money is limited, you will think about the ability of wardrobe to look good in different combinations. It comes with your choices concentrating on certain groups of colors and styles.

stick to basic styles

Many clothing items stop being used because their style looks out-of-date. So choose styles that remain in fashion for several years.

Text 2. Know Your Rights

Complaining about faulty goods or bad service is never easy. Most people dislike making a fuss. However, when you are shopping, it is important to know your rights.

Here is some advice for consumers:

When you buy something from a shop, you make a contract. It means that it`s up to the shop – not the manufacturer – to deal with your complaints if the goods are not satisfactory. What do we mean by satisfactory? The goods must not be broken or damaged and must work properly. The goods must be as described on the pack, e.g. a pair of shoes which are said to be leather should not be plastic. The goods must be fit for their purpose. This means the purpose for which most people buy such goods, e.g. if, according to the shop, a certain glue should mend china and if it doesn`t you have a right to return it. If the shop sells the faulty goods, it has broken its side of the bargain.

Comprehension and discussion

How far do you agree with the tips given in the two texts?

In what way do you usually buy your clothing?

Do you often complain in shops? Is it difficult for you to do it? Do you get a refund or do you leave without any positive decision?

Memorize the words.

Make up 10 sentences in English and ask your friends to translate them into Russian.

to go shopping- делать покупки casual wear – повседневная одежда footwear - обувь clothes –одежда holiday (best) clothes – праздничная одежда shabby clothes – потрепанная одежда sports clothes – спортивная одежда winter (summer) clothes – зимняя (летняя) одежда fashion – фасон, мода to be out of fashion – выходить из моды dressing gown – халат coat – пальто rain-coat – плащ costume – одежда, костюм; стиль в одежде, костюм everyday dress – будничное платье dress-maker – портниха jacket – куртка, пиджак, жакет pull-over – пуловер, свитер loose shirt – рубашка навыпуск long skirt – длинная юбка wide skirt – широкая юбка suit – костюм (мужской) sweater- свитер a pair of trousers – пара брюк wide trousers – широкие брюки waistcoat – жилет bathing suit – купальный костюм dressing-gown – халат pajamas – пижама sock – носок button – пуговица to button a coat – застегнуть пальто на пуговицы cuff – манжет pocket – карман sleeve – рукав boot – ботинок sandal – сандалия, босоножка to polish (shine) shoes – чистить обувь fur cap – меховая шапка beads – бусы brooch – брошь hand-bag – женская сумочка elegant – элегантный fashionable – модный silk – шелк smart – элегантный, нарядный, модный woolen cloth – шерстяная ткань to alter – менять(ся), переделывать (об одежде) accessories - аксессуары to change – переодеваться

ready-made clothes – готовая одежда stylish (fashionable) clothes – модная одежда cut – фасон, покрой to be in fashion – быть в моде (входить в моду) to follow the fashion – следовать моде, следить за модой blouse – блузка, блуза dress – женское платье evening dress – вечернее платье jumper – джемпер shirt – рубашка (мужская) skirt – юбка tight skirt – узкая юбка slacks – широкие (спортивные) брюки uniform – форма bathing trunks – плавки shorts – шорты collar – воротник, воротничок boot lace – шнурок zip – застежка-молния shoe – туфля slipper – комнатная туфля cap – шапка, кепка straw hat – соломенная шляпа bracelet – браслет ear-rings – серьги glove – перчатка handkerchief – носовой платок necktie – галстук scarf – шарф cotton – хлопчатобумажный dotted – в крапинку embroidered – вышитый knitted – вязанный, трикотажный striped – в полоску woolen – шерстяной to become – подходить, быть к лицу to dress – одеваться to fit – быть в пору to suit-подходить to fasten – застегиваться tight-fitting – приталенный, плотно облегающий фигуру to match – подходить (по цвету, форме) to pull – натягивать to put (put, put) on – надевать to take (took, taken) off – снимать everyday clothes(casual wear) – повседневная to iron – гладить, утюжить to wear – носить to crumple – мять brand – бренд, марка

Remember the proverbs and sayings:

Look before you leap – Думай прежде, чем сделать

Cut your coat according to your cloth – По одежке протягивай ножки.

To buy a pig in a poke – покупать кота в мешке.

Make up a story or a conversation to illustrate the meaning of one of them.

Conversations

Read and listen to the conversations and train them with your friends.

1. A. Could you help me, please? B. Yes, sir. A. I like this shirt. I'd like to try it on. Size 52, please. B. Here it is, sir. 2. A. Excuse me! B. Yes, sir. A. I need a smaller size of these jeans. B. How does that fit? A. It's good. I think I'll buy them.

3. A. Excuse me, I need a smaller size of this brown top. B. What was the size? A. It was 44. I'd like to try 42 B. Here it is. How does that fit? A. It's perfect. I think I'll take it. 4. A. How does that fit? B. I like the color, but it's too tight. A. That was size 8. Here is size 10. I think it'll fit you better. B. This is perfect.

Translate the sentences into English using your vocabulary:

Часто, когда люди хотят расслабиться, они идут за покупками. Не так важно, что именно Вы хотите купить, сам факт приобретения помогает избавиться от стресса.

Однако большинство людей предпочитают покупать все-таки одежду. Новые брюки, юбка или костюм помогают стать элегантнее, а, в целом, стильная одежда отражает вашу индивидуальность.

Повседневная одежда должна быть удобной и по разумной цене. Слишком модная одежда быстро устаревает, и вам опять нечего надеть.

Жаловаться на кого-либо всегда непросто. Многие люди предпочитают не поднимать шум. Но знать свои права необходимо.

В наше время вечерняя одежда не так популярна как раньше. Люди редко переодеваются к обеду или ужину. Они живут в повседневной одежде, забывая, что именно костюм делает человека, отражает его личность.

Хорошее платье может подойти для деловой встречи и для вечеринки. Нужно просто выбрать правильные аксессуары.

Make up a story about your visit to a clothing shop. Use the words and word combinations of Unit 8.

To go shopping, casual wear, to be in fashion, to look for a bigger size, to fit, to complain, to make a fuss, to be too tight, to express smb`s personality, to try smth on, to put on, sports clothes, elegant

Make up a conversation using your active words from Unit 8 and following the instructions:

You are a shopaholic and a fashion victim. You spend all money on clothes and still want more. Shopping is your life style. Try to make your friend go with you on a shopping tour.

You hate shopping and shops and don`t want to waste money on clothes. You refuse to go shopping with your friend, but she insists. Give your reasons against her offer.

Discussion

People and clothes, clothes and me. How clothes influence people`s character.

Shopaholics: are they sick people?

Revision (Units 6,7,8)

Make up a conversation between a traveler and a resident of some city. Try to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this city. Use your active vocabulary from Units 6,7,8. (40 words)

Revision (Units 1-8)

Write a story about the… family. Speak about their family contacts, food preferences, careers, leisure. Remember that they live in a city(town, village…), travel and go shopping. Make up a presentation or a film to prove your story. You should use 60 words and word combinations from all the Units.

Part II

A Brief Outline of English History

Unit I. England before and during the Roman Invasion

The territory of Britain has been populated for than 250 000 years. There is little information about man`s development during this period of time. The knowledge of the period is based on the ways of hunting, farming, increasing skills in making tools and weapons. In the Mesolithic period (8000-2700 before Christ) people had to adapt to post-glacial conditions. At this period they used tools, such as axes. About 4000 before Christ the Neolithic people grew corn, kept animals and knew how to make pottery. About 2000 widespread farming existed. The most remarkable achievement of the Neolithic period was its architecture. They made burial mounds, which are known as barrowers and built special tombs, one of the most famous of them is Stonehenge, which dates before 2000 B.C.

Neolithic society was transformed before 2000 B.C. by the arrival of the so-called Beaker folk. It got its name from the drinking vessels found with their dead. These people knew how to work with metal. From the eighteenth century B.C. the tempo of development quickened because of the increased trade with the Continent, and Iron Age was introduced into Britain. Iron age had spread through lowland Britain by the sixth century B.C., though Bronze age persisted in much of the north and west until the arrival of Normans 500 years later.

On the whole the Britons were divided into about 40 tribes with their own leaders and laws. The tribes had different cults but the leading religion on the territory was the Religion of the Druids.

At the end of the second century B.C. Celtic invaders settled in Southern England.

The next and superior invaders were the Romans. The direct Roman impact on England lasted for 500 years and for 330 (78-409 A.D.) the whole of England and Wales was ruled by Rome. The aim of the Romans when they came to Britain in 55 B.C. was to absorb the country into the Empire. Julius Caesar was the first of the Romans to come to the territory of England from France, which he had conquered before. It is supposed that he landed at Deal. The inhabitants and his troops fought several battles without much advantage to each side before the winter came and the Roman Army set off to France. The following year the attempt was made again and this time Caesar had an easy victory. But as he advanced farther he met more resistance, he also had lack of food for his army. As a result he left the country.

The further conquest came in 43 A.D. when an army of Emperor Claudius invaded Britain. The emperor got the submission of a number of British kings and left. But there was a lot of fighting before Britain was conquered. Thus the Britons` army under the command of Caractacus opposed the Romans fiercely. The British chief was defeated and sent to Rome where in disgrace he was led along the streets like slaves. There is a legend that Caractacus did not submit and behaved proudly, that made the Emperor set him free and treat as an equal. By 49 A.D. most of lowland England was under Roman control. The last serious resistance came in 61 A.D. when queen Bodiciea led her people in revolt. The major Roman settlements were stormed and destroyed. The revolt was suppressed and the Romans continued to rule. The leader of the revolt committed suicide not to be captured. The Romans established a flourishing province, founded the first cities, e.g. Londinium, where it was convenient to bridge the Thames. The city became the center of Northern Europe. Britain became a big exporter of corn, lead and tin and hunting dogs. During the times of Roman invasion the Romans had to defend Britain from the attacks of many tribes, who came from the northern part of Europe. The Roman fleet was unable to prevent Saxon piracy. In 367 there was a combined attack on Britain by Picts, Scots and Saxons. At that period the Roman Empire was also suffering from the attacks of barbaric tribes. In 410 the Roman Army withdrew leaving Britons victims to their enemies. The Britons wrote a sort of letter to the Roman Emperor in which they asked for help, but in vain. The document was called the Groans of the Britons. The British population retained Latin as a language of upper classes. Soon after that England was occupied by Picts and Scots. Different sources give various ideas of the penetration of Saxons to the territory of Britain. Some of them said that in the fourth century Roman Britain was threatened by the Saxons, people living on the territory of Denmark. Others imply that the Britons were compelled to send a deputation to their land and ask them for assistance against the Picts and Scots. The Saxons were considered to be the most warlike nation in Europe. They forced the wild tribes back but occupied the western part of the island themselves Sussex, Essex, Wessex. The other tribes took some more parts of the country. The Jutes settled down in Kent, the Angles along the eastern coast.

1. Read the text, translate it into Russian.

2. Memorize the words, answer the questions:

glacial - ледниковый	What was the Neolithic period remarkable for?
pottery - керамика	What ancient monuments do you know?
tomb - гробница	Who led the most serious revolt against the Romans?
druid - друид	What did the Romans give Britain?
invader-завоеватель	When did the Roman Army withdraw?
development - развитие	What do you know about Julius Caesar?