- •Ділова англійська мова навчальний посібник
- •Unit I looking for a job
- •Some Tips How to Write a cv
- •Communicative practice
- •Talking About Your Job
- •Looking for a Bookkeeper
- •I. Choose the most suitable variant:
- •II. Match the definition with its explanation.
- •Extreme Sports
- •Interested?
- •Check-up
- •III. Define whether the statements are True or False.
- •Unit II business ethics
- •Text a. Ethical standards
- •Text b. The Best Known Brand
- •Communicative practice
- •Writing practice
- •Check-up
- •Unit iіi Part I. The structure of a modern business
- •Business structure. Staff of the enterprise
- •Part II. Classsficftion of organization culture
- •Communicative practice
- •Part III. Types of companies
- •What are the different types of companies
- •Ukraine
- •United Kingdom
- •United States
- •Federally incorporated
- •State incorporated The following are the main business designations and types:
- •Check-up
- •Unit 4 letter writing
- •Structure of a Letter
- •377 King James Street
- •Business Letter Writing
- •Letter Writing Tips
- •Business letter model
- •Letter samples
- •1.1 Apology (formal)
- •4.2. Invitation (informal)
- •5.1. Thank you "bread and butter letter"
- •Business lettеrs
- •6.1 Complaint letter from a business customer to a telephone company
- •6.2 Complaint letter from business to business.
- •6.3 Sample Business Letter
- •Task IX. Complete the letter, providing the necessary information.
- •Check up
- •Useful expressions
- •British Airways. Check-in Information for Passengers
- •Communicative practice
- •Dialogue 1.
- •Dialogue 2.
- •Check-up
- •I. Match the words and definitions:
- •Part II. At the Customs
- •Customs
- •Customs declaration
- •Communicative practice
- •At the Customs
- •Check-up
- •Summary of basic custom rules
- •Part III. At the Hotel
- •The Hotel Litwor
- •Communicative practice
- •Check-up
- •Part IV. At the Restaurant Task . Read and learn phrases below.
- •Task . Read the text and answer questions after it: At the Restaurant
- •Thai Food
- •Communicative practice
- •Check-up
- •Literature
Ukraine
DAT/ДАТ (Державне акціонерне товариство): ≈ p.l.c. (UK), national
FOP/ФОП (фізична особа підприємець): sole proprietorship
KT (Командитне товариство): ≈ limited partnership
PT/ПT (Повне товариство): ≈ general partnership
TDV/ТДВ (Товариство з додатковою відповідальністю): "additional liability company"
TOV/TOB (Товариство з обмеженою відповідальністю): ≈ Ltd. (UK). Minimum capital UAH 63,000.
PP/ПП (Приватне підприємство): ≈ Ltd. (UK). No minimum capital.
VAT/ВАТ( Вiдкрите акцiонерне товариство) or PuAT/ПуАТ (Публічне акціонерне товариство) since 29.04.2009: ≈ p.l.c. (UK), public. Minimum capital UAH 630,000.
ZAT/ЗАТ (Закрите акцiонерне товариство)or PrAT/ПрАТ (Приватне акціонерне товариство) since 29.04.2009: ≈ p.l.c. (UK), private.
AO/AO (Адвокатське об'єднання): ≈ Law firm/Legal company - is registered by the Ministry of Justices of Ukraine.
Company formation is regulated by the Ukrainian Civil Code and Commercial Code, Law of Commercial companies, Law of stock companies, law and order.
United Kingdom
CIC or community interest company
Industrial and Provident Society, eg. a Co-operative (which does include Ltd. at the end of its name) or charity
General partnership
LLP or Limited liability partnership
LP or Limited partnership
Ltd. or Cyf (Limited, or Welsh Cyfyngedig): a private company limited by shares, the shares not being traded publicly
p.l.c. or Ccc (public limited company, or Welsh Cwmni Cyfyngedig Cyhoeddus): a company whose shares may be traded publicly. Requires an authorized minimum share capital of £50,000;[2] of which it must have allotted shares to the value of at least £50,000 and a minimum of 25% must be fully paid up prior to starting business.
Private company limited by guarantee. Such a company must include Limited or Ltd. at the end of its name (so cannot readily be distinguished from a private company limited by shares), unless it cannot distribute its profits. Guarantee companies are commonly used by not for profit organizations, which do not include Ltd. at the end of their names.
Unlimited company (or Welsh Anghyfyngedig). A company either with or without a share capital whose members or shareholders do not benefit from limited liability should the company ever go into formal liquidation. It is not a requirement under company law to add or state the word or designation Unlimited or its abbreviations (Unltd., or Ultd.) at the ending of its legal company name, and most unlimited companies do not. Unlimited companies are exempted from filing accounts with the Registrar of Companies for public disclosure, subject to a few exceptions (unless the company was a qualified subsidiary or a parent of a limited company during the accounting period).
Sole proprietorship or Sole trader
United States
In the United States, the individual states incorporate most businesses, and some special types are incorporated by the federal government. For federal tax purposes, the Internal Revenue Service has separate entity classification rules. Under the rules, an entity may be classified as a corporation, a partnership or disregarded entity, and a corporation may be either an S corporation or a C corporation.