- •Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
- •Iana Vinokur Katya Geredchuk Anya Ivanova Denis Mikhailov Sardaana Grigorieva Margarita Kulagina Nikita Shivinskii Dream team:
- •0. Introduction
- •1. Principle of operation
- •1.1Goals of Current Development
- •1.2 Control
- •2.1 Measured Values and Uncertainty
- •1.3 Quad-Rotor Dynamics
- •1.4 Blade Flapping
- •2. Mathematical study
- •3. Control and Simulation
- •4. Programming code for Arduino
- •4.1 Фn example of our code
- •6. Project plan
- •6.1. Project plan
- •7. Project budget
- •8. Burden sharing
- •9. Сonclusion
- •Continuation of the project
- •10. References
1.2 Control
Our team had chosen all details to construct the copter. In the list you can find details and their characteristics:
Arduino UNO
The craft is stabilised by an onboard embedded Arduino Uno because is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software (IDE), based on Processing.
Figure 1.1: Arduino UNO [3]
Table1
Technical specs[3]
Microcontroller |
ATmega328P |
Operating Voltage |
5V |
Input Voltage (recommended) |
7-12V |
Input Voltage (limit) |
6-20V |
Digital I/O Pins |
14 (of which 6 provide PWM output) |
PWM Digital I/O Pins |
6 |
Analog Input Pins |
6 |
DC Current per I/O Pin |
20 mA |
DC Current for 3.3V Pin |
50 mA |
Flash Memory |
32 KB (ATmega328P) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader |
SRAM |
2 KB (ATmega328P) |
EEPROM |
1 KB (ATmega328P) |
Clock Speed |
16 MHz |
LED_BUILTIN |
13 |
Length |
68.6 mm |
Width |
53.4 mm |
Weight |
|
Motor - A 2212 A2212 1000KV Brushless Outrunner Motor W/ Mount *4pcs
Figure 1.2: Motor [4]
Simple structure, Easy to Maintain and Debug Control
Relying on potentiometer adjust gyro sensitivity.
Full servo signal output, support normal ESC / analog servo
Support for single-axis / UFO, Y3 3-axis, Y4-type 3-axis, 4 axis, 6 axis, V22 flight mode
Supports 4-axis "+" and "X" flight mode, support for six-axis "HEXA6" and "Y6" flight mode.
Frame - HJ 450 450F Nylon Fiber Flamewheel Frame Airframe kit
Figure 1.3: Frame [4]
This is a very popular machine, it has a strong rack, beautiful appearance, and a stable system of flight for smooth flight. It is very suitable for both beginners and senior .
Features:
Made with advanced engineering material, super strong & smooth.
High quality and strong ability of anti-fall, lower maintenance cost.
Compact design with small numbers of components, you can assemble it by yourself quickly and easily.
Suitable for both beginners and senior .
Excellent quad-copter products.
- Support KK MWC by new disign PCB board(Not Included)
Recommended config (Not Included):
A2208 OR A2212 800KV~1100kv brushless motor * 4 sets
ESC 15~25A * 4 sets
1800MAH~3600mAh 3S LiPo battery * 1 sets
1045 OR 8045 Forward&Reverse propeller * 4 sets
6CH Transmitter.
Notes:
This product only includes the airframe, no other config is included.
Speicifications:
Color: Red + White + Black
Shaft distance: 17.7in/450mm
- Net weight: 0.65lb/282g - by advanced engineering material,super strong & smooth
Speed Controller - FMT 30A ESC Speed Controller *4 pcs
Figure 1.4: Speed Controller [4]
Specification:
Output: Continuous 30A, Burst 35A up to 10 Secs.
Input Voltage: 2-4 cells lithium battery or 5-12 cells NiCd/NIMh battery.
BEC:2A / 5V (Linear mode).
Max Speed: 210,000rpm for 2 Poles BLM, 70,000rpm for 6 poles BLM, 35,000rpm for 12 poles BLM.(BLM: BrushLess Motor)
Size: 45mm (L) * 24mm (W) * 11mm (H).
Weight:22g.
Sensors – GY-521
Figure 1.5: Sensors [4]
Chip: MPU-6050 (Gyroscope 3-axial + Accelerometer for 3 coordinates)
Supply power: 3,3V - 5V (DC);
Chip MPU-6050: 16 bit ADC, 16 bit data output;
Range of gyro: ± 250 500 1000 2000 ° / с
Range of accelerometer: ± 2 ± 4 ± 8 ± 16g
Communication with a controller with standard protocol (I2C)
Module size: 15х20 millimeter.
Module weight: 5 gram
Drill holes for mounting the sensor GY-521: 3 millimeter
Step: 2,54 millimeter
Sensor GY-521 suits for DIY projects
Battery - 11.1V 20C 2200Mah Lipo Battery *1 pcs
Figure 1.6: Battery [4]
Specification:
Output:11.1V(3S1P)2200mAh
Weight About:193g
This Li-poly battery features high efficient and high discharge,use a inspection machine to match packs, suitable for All Align trex 450 rc heli and other professional model airplanes, cars, and guns.
Max Continuous Discharge: 10C, Burst Discharge: 15C. Normal operating temperature is approx. 40-65C(within 80% of rated discharge). Max. temperature: 80C.
Console - Radiolink 2.4 GHz t4eu 4-ch transmitter + 7 ch reciever
Figure 1.7: Console [4]
Features:
The transmitter receives a V-tail mixing control function. Comfortable for controlling the flight
Alert function
Low voltage
Notification about low battery
Perfect for amateur
Spetifications:
Model: T4EU
Frequency: 2.4G
Canal: 4CH
Controlling mode: FHSS
Power source: 9.6V Ni-Cd battery or 8 * АА battery
Current < 80mA
Flying distance – 400 m
Size: 190 * 180 * 56 mm
Weight : 492g
Specification of reciever:
Model: R7EH-S
Canal: 7CH
Max voltage: 6V
Power: 19-25mA
Output canal: S-BUS, PPM
Size: 50 * 24 * 15 мм
Weight: 11g
