Examination ticket № 5

1. The forward and reverse flows managed by logistics. What are they?

Logistics not only forward flow but also the reverse flow.

Reverse logistic – the role of logistics in product return, source reduction, recycling, materials substitution.

2. Agencies will need policies and an organizational structure that prioritizes operations in infrastructure design and institutionalizes the process of designing for operations. Please, continue.

For example, the USA department of transportation have policies of cross-functional collaboration (including traffic operations) during the infrastructure design process. Several transportation agencies are elevating operations in their organizational division.

3. Write the formula for calculating the number of car visits per year of wash station like an independent kind of service

L_Г – годовое количество заезда

L_З – пробег на заезд (через сколько км заезжает машина)

Examination ticket № 6

1. The business might also be at risk of losing sales to competitors who can offer shorter and more reliable order lead times. Please, continue.

Conversely, a supply chain strategy that seeks to minimize transportation cost will likely not represent can optimal solution for the company. This might call for shipping orders to customers in large volumes and using slow means of transportation.

2. Maintenance of a roadway can have a major effect on operations. Please, continue.

Maintenance personnel have a variety of issues to deal with, from moving operation in the summer to snow plowing operations in the winter, to maintenance of roadside devices, they are constantly working to keep roadway networks operating. Taking into consideration certain aspects of the design of the roadway and devices can reduce the impacts of maintenance operations.

3. Write the formula for calculating the annual working hours of diagnostics before and after servicing

Annual working hours of diagnostics before and after servicing:

(2.5)

where

N_СТО – number of vehicle to be repaired or serviced per year;

d – number of station visits per automobile in a year;

t_ПВ – specific labor content of diagnostics works before and after servicing, [1, page 45, table 52].

7билет

1Another system that calls for recognizing tradeoffs and interrelationships among actions and costs is the supply chain. A supply chain is the network of companies that work together to provide a good or service for end users and consumers. Most companies operate within supply chains, relying on outside parties such as suppliers and customers to help them reach the end-user market.⁴ In other words, most companies do not entirely own their supply chains.⁵

Supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management. It also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, or customers. Supply chain management integrates supply-and-demand management within and across companies.⁶ Managing a supply chain, then, means managing the business relationships among the focal company and its outside supply chain partners, including customers and suppliers.⁷

As Figure 1-2 illustrates, transportation represents the physical connection among the companies in the supply chain. The locations in a supply chain network are called nodes, and the connections are referred to as links. When one entity sells product to another, transportation provides the delivery. An outbound delivery for a supplying company is the inbound delivery for its customer. When one level in the supply chain experiences delays and problems, it impacts the abilities of downstream members of the supply chain to serve their customers. For this reason, the larger economy is affected when transportation disruptions occur. Potential sources for disruptions include equipment failures, natural disasters and inclement weather, work stoppages, and government intervention. The next section reviews the role of transportation in the larger economy.

2.Improvement include interchange redesign truck climbing lanes, ITS improvements and ramp extension. During design however, consideration of freight must extend beyond the geometric consideration associated with commercial vehicles to include operational elements that support enforcement and hours – of- service requirements, as well as elements to improve safety and overall efficiency

3Annual working hours of car body anti-corrosion and rust protection treatments:

ТПК=NЗ. ПК×tПК (6)

where

N З.ПК - number of service station visits per year to do car body anti-corrosion and rust protection

t ПК - specific labor content of car body anti-corrosion and rust protection treatments, [1, page 45, table 52].