Topical vocabulary

separate - відділяти

courage - сміливість

justice - правосуддя

liberty- свобода

settlers- поселенці

eminent - видатний

earthquake- землетрус

volcano- вулкан

hurricane- ураган

suffer - страждати

tornadoes -торнадо

Basic facts about the United States of America .The USA has 50 states, 48 states in the same place and two separate states, Alaska in the north, next to Canada, and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. Every state has its’ own capital city. The national capital is Washington DC.

The USA has many different names, such as America, the States, the Union, and “Uncle Sam”. The term “Uncle Sam” comes from posters during the Second World War.

The American flag is called “Stars and Stripes”. Red stands for courage, blue for justice and white for liberty. The 13 stripes symbolize the original 13 colonies that were created by European settlers. The 50 stars symbolize the 50 states of today.

Geographical features. The US is located on the continent of North America. The bordering countries are Canada in the north and Mexico in the south. The US is a country of various landscapes and geographical features. The Rocky Mountains cross from the west to the centre of the country. The highest mountain in the US is Mount McKinley (6,194 m) in Alaska. The Great Lakes are Huron, Ontario Michigan, Erie and Superior – are found on the US border with Canada. The Grand Canyon is a large canyon in Arizona.

Famous cities in the USA. Washington, DC is known as the capital city of the United States. Detroit city is famous for auto industry in Michigan. New York City is also a huge city, the largest city by population; It is an important centre of business, finance and art. Los Angeles is famous for films and the numbers of actors starred in them

The birthplace of jazz and as the centre of French‑American culture is New Orleans. In addition, it is eminent for its sayings about vampires.

On November 22, 1963, the Kennedy Assassination took place here in Dallas, Georgia. The 35^th President of the United States, John Fitzgerald Kennedy was fatally shot by Lee Harvey Oswald. Kennedy was traveling with his wife, Jacqueline in a presidential car. These events became tragic in the history of The United States of America.

If someone is interested where to drink Coca-Cola, Atlanta is the right place. Here the Cola is produced and a major of media informational content is broadcasted all over the county.

American sports and pastimes. Baseball is called America’s favourite pastime. It is a bat-and-ball sport. That is why basketball sport is so popular. The aim of the game is to throw a ball through a basket. Americans are known to like watching soccer. It is played not as usual as football. Players runs with a ball in their hands on the playground. American hockey league, NHL, is one of the best in the world. The same can be said about NBA, the basketball league and NFL, the football league.

Natural dangers. The Pacific Basin (west coast) faces danger from earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires and mudslides, while those living on the Atlantic coasts must beware of hurricanes. The Midwest suffers mainly from tornadoes, as does the southeast.

At the same time the USA is one of the most beautiful and interesting countries in the world.

Exercise 1. Answer the questions. Дайте відповіді на запитання.

1. What is the “Stars and Stripes”?

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2. What is the highest mountain in the US?

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3. What lakes are included in the Lake District?

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4. Who killed John Kennedy?

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5. What New Orleans is famous for?

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6. Where the sign “HOLLYWOOD” is located?

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7. What are popular sports in the USA?

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8. What is NHL?

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Exercise 2. Circle the right answer: True or False. Обведіть кружечком правильну відповідь.

1. Hawaii is in the Atlantic Ocean True False

2. North America is located on the US continent. True False

3. The highest mountain in the US is The Rocky Mountain. True False

4. New York is an important centre of business, finance and art. True False

5. New Orleans isn’t the birthplace of jazz. True False

6. Atlanta is a centre of informational media all over the county . True False

7. Soccer is a bat-and-ball sport. True False

8. Tornadoes and hurricanes are the same. True False

Exercise 3. Name the pictures. Use the words from the text. Назва фотографії. Використовувати слова з тексту.

Exercise 4. Put the given sentences in the Past Continuous.

1.Tom told us a story. – Tom was telling us a story

2.The children swam in the river. ________________________________________________________

3.Is Mary wearing a white dress? ________________________________________________________

4.The old man spoke in a low voice.______________________________________________________

5.She is looking after her little brother. ____________________________________________________

6.They did not work in the garden._______________________________________________________

7.The boy is running very fast.__________________________________________________________

8.The students are discussing a story. _____________________________________________________

Exercise 5. Rewrite the underlined parts using ME, HIM, HER, THEM, US, IT. 1. There are some books on the desk. Look at these books. - There are some books on the desk. Look at THEM 2. She is turning the radio on. __________________________________________________________________________________ 3. The teacher is asking Jane a question. __________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Take your shoes off. __________________________________________________________________________________ 5. The man is looking at Ali and me. __________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Jim is giving his father some tea. __________________________________________________________________________________ 7. This is the dog’s meat. Give the meat to the dog. __________________________________________________________________________________8. Is Tom eating any oranges? __________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Give the milk to that cat. __________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Could you pass the salt to your mother?

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Exercise 6. Open brackets, using verbs in the Past Continuous or the Past Indefinite.

1. George ___________________(fall) off the ladder while he ___________________(paint) the ceiling. 2. While Tom __________________(cook) the dinner, the phone ____________________(ring). 3. Last night I ___________________(read) in bed when suddenly I _____________(hear) a scream. 4. Ann ______________________(wait) for me when I __________________(arrive). 5.Tom__________________ (take) a photograph of me while I ___________________________(not/look). 6. I ________________(see) Carol at the party. She _______________________(wear) a really beautiful dress.

7. I ____________________(not/drive) very fast when the accident ____________________(happen).

8. My wife ________________(break) a plate last night when she ___________________________(do) the washing-up. 9. The man _______________________(read) a magazine when somebody _____________________(knock) at the door. 10. Mr.Forest ________________________(write) a book while he __________________(live) in Scotland. 11.Yesterday while Dad ________________________(shave), he______________ (cut) himself slightly.

WASHINGTON