Тема 30: the past perfect tense прошедшее совершенное время

Занятие 1

Основные знания и умения:

• Знать правила образования предложений в прошедшем совершенном времени

• Знать обстоятельственные слова

Past Perfect образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в форме Past Simple и Past Participle (причастие прошедшего времени) смыслового глагола.

Утвердительная форма	Вопросительная форма			Отрицательная форма
I		I		I
Не had done		He	done	He	hadn't done
She the work	Had	She	the work	She	the work
We by Saturday.		We	by Saturday?	We	by Saturday.
You		You		You
They		They		They

Past Perfect употребляется для выражения прошедшего действия, которое уже со­вершилось до определенного момента в прошлом. Этот момент может быть указан:

а) обстоятельствами времени с предлогом by (by five o'clock - к пяти часам , by Saturday - к субботе, by the end of the year - к концу года, by that time - к тому времени).

We had translated the article by the end of the lesson. К концу урока мы перевели статью. She had typed the documents by 2 o'clock. Она напечатала документы к двум часам.

б) другим (более поздним во времени) прошедшим действием , которое выражается глаго­лом в Past Simple.

My brother bought a new watch yesterday as he had lost his old one. Мой брат купил вчера новые часы, так как потерял свои старые.

I knew that Jane had already booked the tickets. Я узнал, что Джейн уже заказала билеты.

Past Perfect может употребляться и в том случае, когда время, до которого совер­шилось действие, не указано в самом предложении, а определяется контекстом.

I received a letter from my brother yesterday. I had not heard from him for a long time. Я получил вчера письмо от своего брата. Я долго не получал от него известий.

Занятие 2

Основные знания и умения:

• Знать правила образования предложений в прошедшем совершенном времени

• Знать обстоятельственные слова

• Уметь распознавать прошедшее совершенное время при чтении и правильно переводить

EXERCISES

I. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.

1. Tom (to return) ……………………………………………………from the cinema at five o'clock. 2. Tom (to return) …………………………………………………from the cinema by five o'clock. 3. I (to finish) ………………………………………………………..my homework at seven o’clock. 4. I (to finish) ……………………………………………………….my homework by seven o'clock. 5. He (to think) …………………………that he (to lose) ……………………………..… the money. 6. Ann (to tell) ………………………..that she (to see) ………………………… an interesting film. 7. When I (to come) ……………… home, mother ………. already (to cook).……………… dinner. 8. When father (to return) …………from work, we……….already (to do)………….our homework. 9. When the teacher (to enter)……………the classroom, the pupils …..….already (to open)...……..

their books.

10. Kate (to give) ………….. me the book which she (to buy) ………………………the day before. 11. Nick (to show) ………….. the teacher the picture which he (to draw) …………………………. 12. The boy (to give) …………… the goats the grass which he (to bring) ………….................. from the field.

13. Mother (to see) ……………. that Nick (not to wash) ………………………………….his hands. 14. The teacher (to understand) ………………………. that Lena (not to do) ……………………….

her homework.

15. I (to know) ……………. that my friend (not to come yet) …………............................………… 16. When I (to wake) ……………..up yesterday, father ………already (to go) ……….……to work. 17. Nick (to think) ……………… that his father (not to come) …………………………home yet. 18. Mary (to tell) ……………. us that she (to cook) ………………………………….a good din­ner. 19. Yesterday I (to find) ……………the book which I (to lose) ……………………….. in summer. 20. When we (to come) ………….to the station, the train …………. already (to leave) ……....…….

II. Переделайте придаточные предложения с союзом before на придаточные предложения с союзом after и наоборот, меняя соответственно время глагола.

Pattern:

Mother had returned before I went for a walk. – Mother returned after I had gone for a walk.

1. The rain began after we had come from the Institute. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………2. She had fallen asleep before her family returned from the pictures. ………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..3. She had cooked the cake before the guests came. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………4. Father rang up after I had finished my lessons. ……………………………………………………………………….………………………………..5. I came home after it had grown dark. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………6. They had gone to the skating-rink before the snow stopped. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………7. She poured out tea after her husband had taken the cake from the oven. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………8. The storm had stopped before they left the village. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………9. They had left the town before the war began. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………10. I visited them after they had got their new flat. …………………………................................................................................…………………………11. He went to bed after he had done everything. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………12. She had washed up before the children came from the pictures. ……………………………………………………………………………................…………………