2 Lesson 2 Geography

2.1 Words and word combinations to the text

distribution - распределение

to investigate - исследовать

to analyse - анализировать

approach - подход

phenomenon (pl. phenomena) – феномен, явление

particular - конкретный

association - сообщность

distinctive - отличительный

similar – схожий

geomorphology – геоморфология

climatology – климатология

oceanology – океанология

to treat - рассматривать

movement - движение

manufacturing - производство

commercial - торговый

to emphasize – подчеркивать

sovereignty - суверенитет

to subdivide - подразделять

2.2 Find Russian equivalents to the following word combinations

on the basis	природные условия
agricultural characteristics	такие как
similar factors	на поверхности земли
natural conditions	наука о Земле
on the face of the earth	специальный раздел
a specialized field a study of the earth	на основе сельскохозяйственные характеристики
such as	схожие факторы

2.3 Read and translate these words and word combinations

to distribute – distribution;

to investigate – investigation;

to associate – association;

to subdivide – subdivision;

similar – similarity – similarities;

agriculture – agricultural – agricultural characteristics;

separate – separately;

2.4 Read and translate the text

Geography - a Study of the Earth and What It Holds

The distribution of things on the face of the earth can be investigated and analysed in either of two ways. One approach is called topical geography, or sometimes systematic geography. This approach involves the investigation and analysis of such phenomenon as the earth's landforms, its climate, its political divisions, or its agricultural characteristics.

The other approach is called regional geography. It focuses attention upon a particular area or region. Within the region it investigates the distribution and association of elements which give the region its distinctive character.

Subdivisions of topical geography

Topical geography may be focused on physical or human phenomena. Analysis of the distribution of landforms, climates, water, soils, minerals, and similar factors is called physical geography. The principal branches of physical geography are geomorphology, climatology, biogeography, oceanology and soil geography. Certain aspects of physical geography, in turn, are sometimes studied separately. These include the plant geography, animal geography, geography of minerals and other aspects. The speciality which treats the form, size, and movements of the earth is called mathematical geography. Human geography analyses the distribution of human phenomenon. Economic geography includes such specialities as the geography of manufacturing, transportation geography, commercial geography. Political geography emphasizes the pattern of the earth's political sovereignties. A specialized field of topical geography known as urban geography, is devoted to analysing of the distribution of cities and things within them. Cartography takes a special place among geographic studies.