- •Table of contents
- •(Verbids, verbals)
- •Categories of Finite Forms of the Verb (revision)
- •Classification of non-finite forms of the verb (verbals)
- •V erbals
- •V erbals
- •Indefinite Continuous Perfect Non-Perfect Active Passive
- •Grammatical categories of participle I
- •General Characteristic of the infinitive
- •Double nature of the infinitive
- •Verbal Features of the Infinitive
- •A: Morphological features
- •B: Syntactical features
- •Nominal features of the Infinitive
- •Other functions of the Infinitive
- •Grammatical categories of the infinitive
- •Forms of infinitive
- •The infinitive as subject
- •1. The infinitive as the subject can either:
- •Infinitive as predicate
- •The infinitive as predicative
- •Part 1
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal modal predicate
- •Part 2
- •The infinitive as part of compound verbal aspect predicate
- •Not all these verbs have the same combinability:
- •T o stop
- •Task 15. Use either an infinitive or a gerund or both in the sentences below.
- •Module 2 the infinitive as object
- •To remember, to forget, to regret,
- •T o prefer
- •T o be afraid
- •C annot help
- •The infinitive as attribute
- •The infinitive can be introduced by a conjunction or preposition. In this function the attribute can be expressed by a conjunctive infinitive phrase with the following conjunctions:
- •The infinitive as an adverbial modifier
- •1. Adverbial Modifier of Purpose (Manner)
- •Compare
- •2. Adverbial Modifier of Result or Consequence
- •3. Adverbial Modifier of Comparison
- •4. Adverbial Modifier of Subsequent Events
- •5. Adverbial Modifier of Exception
- •6. Adverbial Modifier of Condition
- •7. Adverbial Modifier of Time
- •8. Adverbial Modifier of Attendant Circumstances
- •Group 1. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Complex Object is not used:
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of mental activity
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 3. Verbs of wishes, intentions and emotions
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of inducement
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Bare infinitive
- •Group 5. Verb of reporting and declaring
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Verbs denoting order, permission, prohibition and persuasion
- •Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 7. Certain phrasal verbs
- •(The infinitive as part of a compound verbal predicate of double orientation)
- •Group 1. Verbs of seeming or chancing with the general meaning of evaluation
- •Translation
- •Group 2. Verbs of sense perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Completed action
- •Action in progress
- •Group 3. Verbs of mental activity or perception
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 4. Verbs of reporting
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Group 6. Phrases with modal meaning
- •Complex Subject after these verbs is used in the following way:
- •Revision of the infinitive
- •Task 67. Paraphrase the sentences below using (if possible) one of the following constructions: a) Complex Object; b) Complex Subject; c) For-to-Infinitive Construction
- •Task 67. Replace the underlined phrases with an appropriate infinitive or infinitive construction.
- •Appendix: verbals
- •Infinitive and gerund
- •Verbs followed immediately by infinitive
- •Verbs followed by either gerund or infinitive without a change in meaning
- •Adjectives followed by infinitive
- •Set expressions used with infinitive
- •IV. Verbs commonly used with the gerund
- •Expressions always used with gerund
- •Verbs with prepositions commonly used with the gerund
- •Set phrases with prepositions commonly used with gerund
- •Gerund after certain nouns with prepositions Preposition ‘of’
- •Preposition ‘at’
- •Preposition ‘for’
- •Preposition ‘in’
- •Miscellaneous Prepositions
- •Gerunds after prepositions
- •Infinitive and gerund used with different meaning to stop
- •To like
- •T o remember, to forget, to regret,
- •To mean
- •T o prefer
- •T o be sorry
- •To be afraid, to dread, to fear
- •To afford
- •To consider
- •T o intend
- •To need
- •To advise to allow to recommend
- •To be interested
- •To imagine
- •Cannot help (used to say that it is impossible to avoid or prevent something)
- •Grammar terms glossary
Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
Infinitive is always used with the particle ‘to’.
Any form of infinitive can be used after these verbs, e.g.
The chairman declared the meeting to be over. – Председатель объявил собрание законченным. / Голова оголосив збори закінченими.
The journalist reported the boat to have been seen not far from the shore. – Журналист заявил, что лодку видели недалеко от берега. / Журналіст заявив, що човен бачили недалеко від берега.
The preacher pronounced Tom and Sue to be husband and wife. - Священник объявил Тома и Сью мужем и женой. / Священик оголосив Тома й Сью чоловіком і дружиною.
Mr. Bond claimed that piece of land to be his. = Мистер Бонд заявил, что тот кусок земли был его. / Містер Бонд заявив, що той шматок землі був його.
Group 6. Verbs denoting order, permission, prohibition and persuasion
There are several verbs that can be used in this construction. Some of them are:
to order |
to command |
to permit |
to forbid |
to prohibit |
to allow |
to invite |
to warn |
to let |
to press |
to ask |
to help |
to tell |
to encourage |
to persuade |
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Complex Object after these verbs is used in the following way:
After all these verbs, with the exception of the verb ‘to let’ the infinitive is always used with the particle ‘to’.
Only non-perfect infinitive (both active and passive) is used after these verbs, e.g.
The teacher allowed the students to hand in their papers on Monday. = Учитель разрешил студентам сдать работы в понедельник. / Учитель дозволив студентам здати роботи в понеділок.
Lola would not permit herself to look at Peter again. = Лола больше не позволяла себе смотреть на Питера. / Лола більше не дозволяла собі дивитися на Питера.
The manager ordered the spare parts to be replaced. = Менеджер приказал заменить запасные части. / Менеджер наказав замінити запасні частини.
We want to encourage more children to use the library. = Мы хотим содействовать тому, чтобы больше детей посещало нашу библиотеку. / Ми хочемо сприяти тому, щоб більше дітей відвідувало нашу бібліотеку.
Teachers need to find ways to persuade more parents to attend parent-teacher evenings. = Учителям надо найти способы, чтобы убедить большее количество родителей посещать родительские собрания. / Учителям треба знайти способи, щоб переконати більша кількість батьків відвідувати батьківські збори.
The verb ‘to let’ is followed only by bare infinitive, e.g.
Some people let their kids do whatever they like. = Некоторые люди разрешают своим детям делать все, что им вздумается. / Деякі люди дозволяють своїм дітям робити все, що їм заманеться.
The mother let the boys eat more sweets after dinner. = Мать разрешила мальчикам съесть еще конфет после обеда. / Мати дозволила хлопчикам з'їсти ще цукерок після обіду.