- •A. Leadership roles
- •B. Leadership and Management Styles
- •C. Situational Leadership
- •5. Look at the words in bold in your text. Can you guess and explain the meaning of these words?
- •Pair work. Read text a or b. Decide on the best title for your text. Underline the key sentences, which can help you to summarise the text.
- •Summarise your text to your partner. Then discuss together:
- •Look at the words in bold. Could you guess their meaning? Why?
- •What Employees Need From Leaders
- •Overall discussion.
- •Skim the text to find the general idea how cultural diversity is defined, measured and how it affects management.
- •2. Which of the statements are true about the article? Correct the false ones.
- •6. Complete the sentences .
- •7 . Match the words to make word partnerships. Explain their meaning.
- •8. Talk about how to make the most of cultural diversity within an organization
- •Divide the text into logical parts and find appropriate headings for them.
- •2. Which of the statements are true about the article? Correct the false ones.
- •3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statements :
- •4. Match words and phrases from the two columns to make typical collocations.
- •5. Choose the best collocation/ expression from Ex.3 to complete the sentences
- •6. Match the words to make word partnerships. Explain their meaning.
- •7. Discuss the role of organizational culture in the company operation
- •2. Which of the statements are true about the article? Correct the false ones.
- •3. Think of word partnerships starting with global which match these definitions.
- •4. Choose the best word or phrase to complete the sentences
- •5. Complete the idioms in the sentences below.
- •6. Match the words to make word partnerships (from the article)
- •What should the management do to adapt the company culture to changes in the business world? Brainstorm the ideas.
- •Unit 3 Organizations and operations Text 1
- •Types of ngOs
- •Range of ngo Activities
- •Vocabulary tasks:
- •2. Complete the sentence
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Speaking tasks
- •Eastman Kodak files for bankruptcy protection
- •Vocabulary tasks
- •Reading tasks
- •Speaking tasks
- •Unit discussion tasks
- •Jurassic business park
- •1. Make an outline of the text
- •The Growing Incongruence between Economic Reality and Political Reality
- •2. Find the sentences in the text and fill in the gaps
- •3. Think of the title to each passage from the text.
- •4. Do you thoroughly approve of all the aspects about strategy and business environment mentioned in the text?
- •Find topic sentences in each paragraph. Give grounds to your choice
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words/word combinations instead of their definitions given in brackets
- •3. Read the article again and complete the following summary in your own words
- •4. Discussion
- •1. Make up a summary of the text
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words/word combinations instead of their definitions given in brackets
- •3. Choose the right answer
- •4. Do you share all points of Jack Welch’s strategy?
- •1. Make an outline of the text
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words/word combinations instead of their definitions
- •3. Arrange the sentences in the order they are given in the text
- •4. Make up a dialogue.
- •5. Is corporate strategy an essential part of a company’s success? Can you think of any kind of a company which can be run without corporate strategy successfully?
2. Find the sentences in the text and fill in the gaps
Strategy ……. this theory of the Business into performance.
A typical example is the ……. subsidies given to European and Japanese automobile companies by some Southeastern U.S. states to bribe the companies ……. putting their new U.S. plants into the state.
At the same time, small political units have become economically ……. Because money and information have become “transnational”.
We have in fact three ……. Spheres.
Because the political unit is becoming increasingly less powerful economically, it is increasingly ……. to offer all kinds of bribes - ……. from taxes, for instance, special tariff protection, a guaranteed monopoly, all kinds of subsidies and so on – to obtain an economic ……. .
Failure of the strategy to produce the expected results is usually the first serious indication that the Theory of the Business needs to be ……. ……. again.
Do not expand or grow globally by ……. ……. businesses –especially not by acquisitions – unless they ……. Into the company’s Theory of the business and its ……. strategy.
There is no country today that is ……. To sudden currency fluctuations – for the simple reason that the world is ……. in money that is not invested in property, in business, in manufacturing or in service enterprises, but kept in liquid and ……. “portfolio” investment.
The first rule for a business in managing the …… between economic reality and political reality is therefore not to do anything that does not ……. economic reality.
10. A strategy ……an institution to be purposefully optimistic.
3. Think of the title to each passage from the text.
1. Strategy is also the test of the Theory of the Business. Failure of the strategy to produce the expected results is usually the first serious indication that the Theory of the Business needs to be thought through again. And unexpected successes are often also the first indications that the Theory of the Business needs to be rethought. Indeed, what is an “opportunity” can only be decided if there is a strategy. Otherwise, there is no way to tell what genuinely advances the organization toward its desired results, and what is diversion and splintering of resources
2. The final fundamental on which to base strategy in the period of worldwide structural change and uncertainty is the growing incongruence between economic reality and political reality.
The world economy is increasingly becoming global. National boundaries are impediments and cost centers. As discussed in the first chapter of this book, business—and increasingly many other institutions as well—can no longer define their scope in terms of national economies and national boundaries. They have to define their scope in terms of industries and services worldwide.
But at the same time, political boundaries are not going to go away. In fact, it is doubtful that even the new regional economic units, the European Economic Community, the North American Free Trade Zone (NAFTA) or Mercosur, the proposed economic community in South America, will actually weaken political boundaries, let alone overcome them.
3. We have in fact three overlapping spheres. There is a true global economy of money and information. There are regional economies in which goods circulate freely and in which impediments to the movement of services and of people are being cut back, though by no means eliminated. And then increasingly there are national and local realities, which are both economic, but above all political. And all three are growing fast. And businesses—and other institutions, for example, universities—have no choice. They have to live and perform in all spheres, and at the same time. This is the reality on which strategy has to be based. But no management anyplace knows yet what this reality actually means. They are all still groping.
4. There is no country today that is immune to sudden currency fluctuations—for the simple reason that the world is awash in “virtual money,” that is, in liquidity for which there is no profitable investment. Every country, therefore, is awash in money that is not invested in property, in businesses, in manufacturing or in service enterprises, but kept in liquid and volatile “portfolio” investment. And very few countries have enough of a surplus in their balance of payments to service the interest on this “portfolio investment,” let alone to pay it out should it take flight. Every country’s currency, in other words, is at the mercy of short term movements of money for which there may not be any economic rationale whatever.