- •Английский язык для экономических специальностей
- •Содержание
- •Unit 1 the nature of business activity
- •Vocabulary
- •What is business activity?
- •Unit 2 Labour and capital
- •Vocabulary
- •Capital
- •Unit 3 types of production
- •Vocabulary
- •Types of production activities
- •Primary production
- •Secondary production
- •5. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the Vocabulary of the text:
- •Tertiary production
- •5. Translate the text from Russian into English using the Vocabulary of the text:
- •Unit 4 Public and privite sector of production
- •Vocabulary
- •Private sector activity
- •Public sector activity
- •Unit 5 Market, planned and mixed economies
- •Vocabulary
- •Market economies
- •Planned economies
- •Mixed economies
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Suggest the Russian equivalents:
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text
- •3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following:
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Translate into English
- •Unit 7 market economy
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Suggest the Russian equivalents:
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following
- •4. Answer the questions:
- •5. Translate into English
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Suggest the Russian equivalents
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text
- •3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following
- •4. Answer the questions
- •5. Translate into English
- •Unit 9 Economic Goods and Services
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Say whether these statements are true or false, and if they are false say why.
- •Money and economies
- •Vocabulary
- •Money and economies
- •Unit 11 the management of business and Types of business organization
- •Vocabulary
- •1. Find English equivalents to the following words and phrases of the
- •2. Find Russian translations of the following words and phrases of the text:
- •3. True or false statements. After reading the text agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •4. Fill in the gaps in the text with the words given below:
- •5. Translate the sentences from Russian into English using the Vocabulary of the text:
- •Sole Proprietorship
- •Partnership
- •Corporation
- •1. Answer the questions:
- •2. Short Revision and Self – Control of the Main Statements
- •Monopoly and public policy
- •The public interest
- •Identifying monopoly
- •The machinery of control
- •Monopolies
- •Mergers
- •Consumer protection
- •Abbreviations
- •Список рекомендуемой литературы
1. Suggest the Russian equivalents:
new advanced products; products which are favoured; they try to make the largest profits possible; provide free or subsidized supplies; produce goods and then advertise heavily; a firm which switches from labour- intensive production a new one; a decline in the prosperity of the nation
2. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
1. Small South-East Asian states like Hong Kong and Singapore contain some businesses __ by the state.
2. The system is based on __ with __ of __.
3. Private supplies of capital can be defined as __ available for __ in __.
4. Consumers are willing to spend more on products and services, which __.
5. More profits will __ more firms to produce those particular goods that are favoured.
6. In a market economy it is __ who decide what is to be produced.
7. In a free market individual people are free __.
8. But when you have that car produced, you are moving __.
9. You actually make __ by __, even though you become a millionaire in the process, and you do it without __ or __.
10. Some goods would be __ if the government did not provide __ supplies.
11. Some other goods and services, such as defence and policing, are impossible to __ in response to consumer spending.
12. __ of the market system is that production __ to meet changing demands.
13. If a firm switches from __ to one where new technology __ in the factory, it can lead to __ and __ problems.
14. It is necessary to have __ to pass laws __ consumers and workers.
15. Firms have __ in future sales if they are to produce new goods and services.
16. A recession means __ spending, __jobs and __ of the nation
3. Find in the text English equivalents for the following
управление экономикой; процветание нации; широкомасштабное вмешательство правительства; принимать законы; быстро меняться; конкурирующие фирмы; автоматически изменяться (приспосабливаться); быть конкурентоспособным; частные фирмы; фирмы, принадлежащие государству и управляемые им; краеугольный камень; иметь серьезные последствия для...; трудоемкое производство; сокращать производство; быть уверенным в...; не хватает уверенности в...; дорого платить за что-либо
4. Answer the questions:
1. What's a market economy?
2. What's the main difference between a market economy and a planned economy?
3. Do changing demands affect production? In what way?
4. What's the mechanism of producing goods and services in a market economy?
5. What are the advantages of the market economy?
6. What are the disadvantages of the market economy?
5. Translate into English
1. В рыночной экономике невелика или очень мала необходимость в планировании, контроле и широкомасштабном вмешательстве со стороны государства (правительства) в экономический процесс.
2. В условиях рыночной экономики изменения потребительского спроса играют заметную роль в формировании политики фирм.
3. Чтобы быть конкурентоспособными и увеличивать доходы, фирмы должны постоянно изучать спрос и менять свою деятельность в ответ на его изменения.
4. Чем более модный товар, тем более высокую цену надо за него платить.
5. Некоторые виды услуг, например здравоохранение и образование, не могут быть полностью обеспечены только частными фирмами.
6. Рыночная экономика характеризуется частной собственностью на ресурсы и использованием системы рынков и цен для управления экономической деятельностью.
7. В такой системе каждый ее участник волен преследовать свои собственные интересы; каждая экономическая единица стремится получить наибольший возможный доход на основе индивидуального принятия решений.
UNIT 8
MIXED ECONOMY
Before reading the text study the vocabulary: