Tertiary production

Tertiary production is the production of services, not goods. There are two kinds of services - commercial services and personal services. Commercial services are services connected with the distribution and exchange of goods. They include four branches of trade - wholesale trade, retail trade, import trade and export trade. Personal services are services unconnected with goods. They include medical care, hairdressing, education and similar activities which are provided directly to the individual concerned, and result in an improved standard of living for all those who can benefit by the services rendered.

Exercises

1. Find Russian translations of the following words and phrases of the text:

Non-renewable, to exhaust, wholesale trade, sophisticated, practical study, to renew, chief objectives, value.

2. Find English equivalents to the following words and phrases of the text:

Обмен, добавлять, обнаруживать, вторичный, основные цели, производственная деятельность, ценность, невозобновляемые, истощать.

3. True or false statements. After reading the text agree or disagree with the following statements:

1) There are two divisions of production activities.

2) Natural resources can be renewed.

3) We cannot exhaust the supplies of iron ore, tin, copper and other elements.

4) We can change natural products into sophisticated secondary goods.

5) There are many kinds of services.

6) Services connected with the distribution and a change of goods are commercial services.

4. Fill in the gaps in the text with the words given below:

Renew, secondary production, commercial services, add, retail, production activities.

1) We usually classify ... into three divisions.

2) We cannot... natural resources.

3) ... is the production of goods which are an improvement upon natural product.

4) ... are services connected with exchange of goods.

5) Changing natural products we ... value to them.

6) ...-trade is one of the four branches of trade.

5. Translate the text from Russian into English using the Vocabulary of the text:

Существуют три вида производства - первичное, вторичное и третичное. Природа даёт нам первичный продукт. Это нефть, железная руда, материалы. Мы создаём вторичные продукты, обрабатывая первичные. Таким образом, мы добавляем им ценность. Третичное производство - это услуги, а не товары. Есть два вида услуг - коммерческие и личные.

Unit 4 Public and privite sector of production

Before reading the text study the vocabulary:

Vocabulary

private sector – частный сектор

to be provided by – быть обеспечиваемым

to run a business – заниматься бизнесом

to be on one's own – быть самостоятельным

sole trader – самостоятельный, единоличный торговец

partnership – партнёрство

private enterprise – частное предприятие

enterprise sector – предпринимательский сектор

to start up a business – начать дело

output – продукция, выпуск

public sector – общественный (государственный) сектор

water supply – водоснабжение

to be suitable for – быть пригодным для