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8. Speak about the geographical position of Ukraine. Use the map and point out the border lines, the bordering countries, seas, rivers, mountains. Speak about its climate and nature.

9. Read and learn the meaning of the words and word combinations.

to found — Yuriy Dolgorukiy founded the capital of Russia hundreds years

ago. Who founded the capital of Ukraine? Lviv was founded by

Danylo of Halych. Who was Kyiv founded by?

a cathedral — St. Paul's Cathedral in London was built by Christo­pher Wren.

a foundation — The foundation of Kyiv is connected with the legend. What do

you know about the foundation of the town where you live in?

a century — We live in the 21st century. How did people live in Ukraine

many centuries ago?

a monument — There is a monument to Taras Shevchenko in the centre of the town.

an architecture — The history of our country is shown in many monuments of

architecture. We can see the architecture of past and present

when we walk down the streets of our town.

applied arts — The foundation of the Museum of Applied Arts was an exciting

news in our town. The Ukrainians have always been good at applied arts.

to call (name) after — Kyiv is called after the oldest brother Kyi. The history museum

somebody is called after Hrushevsky.

a heart — The capital of the country can be called a heart of that country.

Do you think Kyiv can be called "a heart of Ukraine"?

a traffic — The traffic is heavy at rush hours. The bigger cities have heavier

traffic in the streets than the smaller ones.

an event — Today is an important event in Mary's life: she starts her first day

at school. Some important events are celebrated in our country as

holidays.

to take place — The foundation of Kyiv took place many centuries ago.

capital — Kyiv is the capital of Ukraine. London is the capital of Great Britain.

10. Read the following text and find the words from exercise 9 in it. Copy these sentences in your notebooks. The capital of ukraine

Kyiv was founded 15 centuries ago and it was the capital of ancient Rus. Now it is the capital of Ukraine.

There is a legend about its foundation. Once there were three brothers — Kyi, Shchek and Khoriv and they had a young sister Lybid. They founded the city on one of the hills above the Dnieper and called it Kyiv after the oldest brother.

Kyiv became one of the largest cities in Europe. It played a great role in the development of written language, literature, painting, architecture, applied arts. The Golden Gate was the main entrance to the city.

From here tourists usually begin their tour of Kyiv. In 1037 Yaroslav the Wise founded a new cathedral. It was named after Saint Sophia - "wisdom" in Greek. And really the cathedral became the centre of cultural and social life.

Kyiv of our time is a very beautiful city. Parks and gardens cover one half of its territory. In summer when the trees are in full leaf, the city looks like a huge park.

Kyiv's monuments of the past look well with modern buildings — attractive hotels, cinemas, theatres, metro stations.

Kyiv's population is more than 3 million inhabitants. It is a big scientific centre. There are many institutes, hundreds of secondary schools, the Academy of Sciences. More than 50 000 students study at the Shevchenko State University. There are many museums and theatres to visit. The bridges over the Dnieper are marvelous. Khreshchatyk is not only the central street of the capital, but it's the heart of the city. The traffic is very heavy in Khreshchatyk.

People think that the central part of Kyiv looks rather European. The city is not only scientific and cul­tural centre but a centre of political life of Ukraine, too. All important political events take place here. The President of Ukraine lives and works here.

11. Read the following sentences and decide if they are true (T) or false (F).

1) There are many different legends about Kyiv's foundation.

  1. Tourists usually begin their tour from the centre of the city.

  2. Yaroslav the Wise founded Saint Sophia Cathedral.

  3. Paton Bridge is the only one bridge over the Dnieper river.

  4. Kyiv is a cultural, scientific, industrial and political centre of Ukraine.

  5. Khreshchatyk looks rather European.

12. Fill in the blanks with the words: architecture, museum, capital, founded, applied arts, founded, situated, called after, traffic.

Kyiv is the ... of our country. It is … on the Dnieper, the longest river of Ukraine. It was ... 15 centuries ago. ... is very heavy in Khreshchatyk. You can visit the Shevchenko State ... here. Yaroslav the Wise ... the new cathedral which was Saint Sophia. Kyiv played an important role in the development of literature, painting, ... and … … .

13. Complete the sentences according to the text.

  1. Kyiv was founded ...

  2. Kyiv was called after the name of prince Kyi, who ...

  3. Yaroslav the Wise ...

  4. Park and gardens ...

  5. Its factories and plants produce ...

  6. Khreshchatyk ...

  7. It's a centre of political life because ...

  8. Its population ...

14. Mrs Babbage comes from England. She'd like to know more about Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. She asks the travel agent to give her some information as to the tour around Kyiv.

Read the dialogue.

Mrs Babbage: What historical places are we going to see in Kyiv?

Agent: We can show you the most important places of interest. They are Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra, the Golden Gates, St. Sophia's Cathedral, monuments to Prince Volodymyr, Bohdan Khmelnytsky and Taras Shevchenko.

Mrs Babbage: There are many museums in Great Britain. Due to them we can learn more about the history of our country. Are there any museums in Kyiv?

Agent: Yes, there are. The most popular museums to visit in Kyiv are: the State Historical Museum, Shevchenko State Museum, the Museum of Ukrainian Applied Arts.

Mrs Babbage: Thank you. Oh, I nearly forgot - I am going to visit some of the theatres with my friends tomorrow evening. What would you recommend?

Agent: If you are a theatre-goer you can visit the Shevchenko Opera and Ballet

House, Ivan Franko Drama Theatre or Lesia Ukrainka Russian Drama Theatre.

Mrs Babbage: You've been very kind.

Agent: My pleasure.