Types of passenger and freight cars

Within the reform of the railway transport the main emphasis shall be placed on the solution of further development and improvement of different types of passenger and freight cars. А саr, as known, is a railway rolling stock unit designed for transportation of goods and passengers.

The passenger and freight car fleet consists of a great variety of cars for various purposes and designs. There are several kinds of freight and passenger cars. Among them there is a day coach. Besides, day coaches are formed of compartments seating on each side for 6 passengers with an open aisle in the center.

There are several kinds of sleeping cars. There is the nine-section drawing room car. It has nine sections on either side of the center aisle.

Sleeping cars outfitted with generally berths allow passengers to sleep through their night-time trips, while the couchette cars provide more basic sleeping accommodation. Long-distance trains often require baggage cars for the passengers' luggage.

The cars in a freight train are seldom all alike there are different kinds of cars for different bulks of freight.

The simplest type of freight car is the flat car. It is merely a platform car with neither sides nor ends above the floor. Along the sides and the ends of the floor of the flat car there are usually a number of metal pockets in which wooden stakes may be placed, if necessary to hold freight on the car.

The most common type of a car is the box car. The body of the car is merely a huge box with a sliding door on each side, and in the center of the roof, extending from one end of the car to the other is a narrow “running board”, over which trainman may walk or run.

The other type is a refrigerator a special kind of box cars. The walls and roof of a refrigerator car are waterproof and airtight and they are “insulated” to keep out the heat of the air. They are made of several layers of material between the inner and outer layers is the insulating material, once or more layers of hairfelt cockboard or other substance, through which heat will not pass readily.

The doors of the car are also insulated they are of swinging type on the older cars but newer ones have sliding doors. All doors are made so that may be tightly closed.

A type of car that has became popular is covered hopper car. Such car looks very much like an ordinary hopper car but instead of being open it is roofed over.

Another type of car is the container car. It is a flat car or gondola car carrying several removable containers or boxes which may be lifted from the car and set upon a drag or to a motor truck.

A tank car has a long cylindrical tank instead of a steel body. On the top of the tank is a dome, with an opening through which the tank is filled and sometimes emptied. Most tank cars are built of steel, but tank cars also are made of other materials, such as alluminium or ware also used. The products transported in the tank cars may interact in the certain conditions with the environment and cause their pollution.