V. Complete the sentences with some of the words and word combinations above (see Ex. IV). Put them in correct forms.

1. ... cover about 6% of the Earth's surface.

2. The white rhino is close to become ...

3. New laws are being introduced to protect...

4. The hole in ... is thought to be responsible for an increase in cases of skin cancer.

5. Many consumers don't want to eat... foods.

6. There are dangerously high ... levels in our rivers.

7. The rapid pace of... in Malaysia makes the world community to worry.

8. Scientists are predicting a substantial rise of... over the next 20 years.

9. The threat to life higher up ... .

10. An international conference on ... took place in Paris last Monday.

VI. Read and match the headings (a-c) with the appropriate parts of the text (1-3).

(A) GREEN PRODUCTS

(B) ALTERNATIVE SOURCES OF ENERGY

(C) ENVIRONMENTALLY-FRIENDLY FORMS OF TRANSPORT

1 Burning fossil fuels to produce energy causes a lot of pollution. Renewable sources of energy such as wind power, wave power and solar power are much cleaner. People can also easily reduce the amount of energy they use. A lot of electricity is wasted by leaving on lights, televisions and other electrical equipment when they are not being used.

Our society produces huge amounts of waste, which end up having to be burned, buried or taken out to sea. This waste produces greenhouse gases and also spoils the environment.

If we recycle material such as glass, paper and metal, this will reduce the amount of waste that is produced.

2 If more people used public transport, this would reduce the amount of pollution. Public transport is much more environmentally-friendly, because buses and trains can carry large numbers of people at the same time, whereas cars often carry only one person. Car pools are another way of reducing the number of cars on our roads. The big car companies are also working on developing new engine technology, so that cars can run on cleaner fuels such as hydrogen instead of petrol. For shorter journeys cycling is a much healthier alternative to driving a car, and many towns have introduced special cycle lanes.

3 We can also help the environment by choosing to buy green products, for example organic foods that are produced without using pesticides. Not only pesticides are bad for the environment, the chemicals in them can also be harmful to humans. If we buy wood from sustainable sources, this will mean that our forests can be maintained for future generations.

VII. Read the texts below and say what the writer's purpose is in each case. Circle the best verb for each.

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1. If you want to help local insects and birds, a really good way to do it is to let your garden grow a little bit wild and not tidy it up too much. If you don't want the whole garden to be untidy, just choose one area at the back of the garden and let nature take control of it.

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2. From the mid 1800s until the 1950s large cities in Britain, such as London and Manchester, suffered every winter from thick, yellow fog. It was caused by smoke from burning coal in homes and factories. Many people became ill from it every year. Eventually the government passed laws to control the amount of fuel that could be burnt in the cities and the fog disappeared.

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3. There are several ways that you can use less power in your home. First of all, if you are cold, put on a jumper instead of turning up the heating. If you are hot, turn down the heating rather than opening a window. Switch the TV off when you are not using it and always buy low-energy light bulbs.

Topic 68. Television and Cinema