Grammar focus Prepositions in English

Task 1. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian paying special attention to special prepositions after some verbs, nouns and adjectives.

1. The formation of bauxite depends on climatic conditions in which chemical weathering and leaching are pronounced.

2. Mining is preceded by the removal of tropical vegetation, thus destroying rainforest ecosystems.

3. The long-term consequences of bauxite mining are clearly of concern for developing countries in the tropics, where this important ore is mined.

4. Weathering also contributes to the formation of some of Earth’s most spectacular scenery.

5. All materials are susceptible to weathering.

6. Weathering is the response of Earth materials to a changing environment.

7. The mass of crystalline rock is now subjected to a very different and comparatively hostile surface environment.

8. Igneous rocks are divided into broad compositional groups based on the percentage of dark and light silicate minerals they contain.

9. The demand for metallic natural resources has increased exponentially in recent years.

10. In granitic magmas the residual melt can become enriched in rare elements and some heavy metals.

11. Most pegmatites are granitic in composition and consist of unusually large crystals of quartz, feldspar, and muscovite.

12. Under normal conditions, the mantle is solid.

Task 2. Choose the correct preposition. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian.

1. The liquid portion, called melt, is composed mainly from/of mobile ions of the eight most common elements found in Earth’s crust.

2. Igneous rocks can be divided on/into broad groups according to their proportions of light and dark minerals.

3. Coarse-grained rocks consist from/of a mass of intergrown crystals that are roughly equal in size and large enough.

4. Granitic magma, which is rich in/on silica, may be extruded as an extremely viscous mass.

5. Another group of igneous rocks is formed with/from the consolidation of individual rock fragments that are ejected during a violent volcanic eruption.

6. The composition of most pegmatites is similar to/on that of granite.

7. The texture of an igneous rock refers to/on the overall appearance of the rock based in/on the size, shape, and arrangement of its mineral grains.

8. On/in Sunday, May 18, 1980, the largest volcanic eruption to occur in North America in historic times transformed a picturesque volcano into/on a decapitated remnant.

Discussion

Task 1. Read and memorize the following words

approximate – бути дуже схожим, наближатися	account for - пояснювати
assume – зробити припущення	sink – падати, тонути
carry out - проводити; виконувати; здійснювати	magmatic differentiation – магматична диференціація
depict – бути зображеним	separate from – відокремлюватись від
findings – отримані дані

Task 2. Read the text. Translate it into Ukrainian. Talk about Bowen’s reaction series and magmatic differentiation.