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*Modern medical means for toothcare. Toothbrushing*3*10*1*

#308

*!It cannot be emphasized too strongly that, however efficiently the teeth are cleaned after meals, caries will still occur if snacks are taken between meals. Acid forms within minutes of eating refined carbohydrate and the effect of toothbrushing is wasted if frequent snacks are eaten between meals. In fact, dietary discipline is far more important for caries prevention than toothbrushing.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Caries prevention

*Oral hygiene

*Toothbrushing

*+Dietary discipline

*Acid formation

#309

*!Plaque is a film of material composed of masses of bacteria in a sticky glycoprotein matrix which adheres to the surfaces of teeth par­ticularly in locations which are inaccessible to natural or mechanical cleansing. New plaque forms within a few hours on teeth which are thoroughly cleaned and tends to accumulate and thicken with the pas­sage of time unless regularly removed.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Bacteria

*Cleaning teeth

*+Plaque

*Caries development

*Tartar formation

#310

*!A correct diet during the period of tooth formation is necessary to produce teeth of good structure. Such teeth are more resistant to caries than those which are less well-formed. Teeth are forming throughout pregnancy and childhood so it is essential that the diet contains sufficient calcium / phosphorus and vitamins to ensure good tooth structure.

Which verb is used in Present continuous Active in the given passage?

*is

*to produce

*are

*+are forming

*contains

#311

*!Henry Thompson is the Smith family’s dentist. He works in Redlands Dental surgery. The practice has 200 patients. Thompson sees between ten and fifteen patients every day. All his patients are private: they pay for their dental treatment. Which word is the synonym to the word “dentist”?

*a surgeon

*a therapeutist

*a pharmaceutist

*a physician

*+a stomatologist

#312

*!The beneficial effect of cleaning teeth alter meals is cancelled out if food debris is replaced by frequent snacks between meals. The patients should be warned against snacks between meals. Either some fruits should be taken instead or snacks stopped.

Which word combination is the synonym to the word combination “food debris”?

*food products

*food-stuffs

*food substitutes

*+food remnants

*food stocks

#313

*!The toothbrush must be a small one: 3,5-4 cm. The bristles should be neither too hard, nor too soft, and should be of unequal length. Only about two teeth can be brushed at the same time.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Diet

*Dietary discipline

*Oral hygiene

*+A toothbrush

*Food of modern people

#314

*!The food of modern people is soft and acid to evoke the “natural” agencies of protection and it would seem reasonable to add some “artificial” means to remove debris from the teeth.

Which word is an antonym to the word “soft”?

*natural

*acid

*sweet

*+hard

*artificial

#315

*!The teeth must be brushed systematically in the morning, and in the evening. the toothbrush should of course be kept clean, either by permanent immersion in a weak antiseptic solution or by being washed daily with soap and warm water. Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Oral hygiene

*Toothbrushing

*+Toothbrush keeping

*Diet

*Using detergent food

#316

*!Topical fluoridation means applying fluoride directly to the crowns of teeth. It can produce a substantial reduction in caries but is not nearly as effective as water fluoridation. The teeth are carefully polished and dried, and stannous or sodium fluoride solution is painted over them.

Which verb is used in Present Simple Passive in the given passage?

*means

*produce

*is

*+is painted

*сan

#317

*!When used regularly, fluoride toothpaste gives a slightly greater caries reduction than ordinary toothpaste. Any acceptable way of reducing caries is to be recommended, and use of fluoride toothpaste is accordingly advocated.

Which word combination is the synonym to the word combination ordinary toothpaste”?

*a fluoride toothpaste

*a toothpaste with mint and tea

*+an usual toothpaste

*a herbal toothpaste

*a toothpaste with mint