*Periodontal disease*3*12*1*

#514

*!Periodontal disease is caused by accumulation of food debris at the gum margin. This stagnating food debris forms a plaque which attracts vast numbers of bacteria and inflammate the gum margin. At the same time tartar formation occurs belowthe gum margin. Tartar or calculus is the hard rock – like deposit seen on the lingual surface of lower incisors.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*Gingivitis

*+Tartar formation

*Caries

*Oral cavity

*Gum margin

#515

*!Three factors are necessary for its formation – food debris, bacteia and saliva. The bacteia which live on the stagnating food debris act on saliva to produce a deposition of calculus. It is most often seen on the lingual surface of lower incisors and buccal surface of upper molars. However, it may occur below the gum margin on all teeth and is known as sublingual calculus.

What factors are necessary for acid formation?

*plaque, tartar, calculus

*calculus, molars, gum margin

*teeth, gum, pus

*+food debris, bacteia and saliva

*intestine carcinoma

#516

*!If no treatment is provided, so much bone is lost and the teeth lost their functional value. The periodontal disease follows a course of several years, but during that time pus and bacteria in the pockets may affect the general health. Aggravating factors of periodontal disease are open lips, unbalanced masticatory stress, puberty and pregnancy.

What factor can make periodontal disease worse?

*periodontal

*aggravating

*pus

*+open lips

*sublingual calculus

#517

*!If no treatment is provided, so much bone is lost and the teeth lost their functional value. The periodontal disease follows a course of several years, but during that time pus and bacteria in the pockets may affect the general health. Aggravating factors of periodontal disease are open lips, unbalanced masticatory stress, puberty and pregnancy.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*The cause of periodontal disease

*Factors of formation

*Periodontal disease

*Periodontal pocket

*+Aggravating factors of periodontal disease

#518

*!Periodontal disease affects the supporting structures of the teeth. These are the gums, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. The earliest stage of the disease is chronic gingivitis involved the gums. It spreads to the underlying periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. These are gradually destroyed and the teeth become very loose as their supporting tissues are lost. This late stage of the disease is chronic periodontitis.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*Causes of periodontal disease

*+Chronic periodontitis

*Factors of tartar formation

*Gingival crevice

*Aggravating factors of periodontal disease

#519

*!Periodontal disease is caused by accumulation of food debris at the gum margin. This stagnating food debris forms a plaque which attracts vast numbers of bacteria and inflammate the gum margin. At the same time tartar formation occurs belowthe gum margin. Tartar or calculus is the hard rock – like deposit seen on the lingual surface of lower incisors.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*+Main cause of periodontal disease

*Chronic periodontitis

*Factors of tartar formation

*Gingival crevice

*Aggravating factors of periodontal disease

#520

*!Three factors are necessary for its formation – food debris, bacteia and saliva. The bacteia which live on the stagnating food debris act on saliva to produce a deposition of calculus. It is most often seen on the lingual surface of lower incisors and buccal surface of upper molars. However, it may occur below the gum margin on all teeth and is known as sublingual calculus.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*Causes of periodontal disease

*Chronic periodontitis

*+Factors of tartar formation

*Gingival crevice

*Aggravating factors of periodontal disease

#521

*!Subgingival calculus occurs in a tiny crevice which is present between the gum margin and neck of the tooth. The effect of the plague and subgingival calculus in this gingival crevice is to irritate the gum and produce a chronic gingivitis. The gum becomes swollen and the gingival crevice is enlarged. The enlarged crevice forms a pocket round the tooth, in which much more food debris can accumulate.

While this is progressing, the gingival pockets deepens thus further aggravating the condition.

Which is the most suitable title to this passage?

*Causes of periodontal disease

*Chronic periodontitis

*Factors of tartar formation

*+Gingival crevice

*Aggravating factors of periodontal disease

#522

*!What is the synonym to the word “tartar”?

*jaw

*+calculus

*teeth

*gingival

*malignant

#523

*!If no treatment is provided, so much bone is lost and the teeth lost their functional value. The periodontal disease follows a course of several years, but during that time pus and bacteria in the pockets may affect the general health. Aggravating factors of periodontal disease are open lips, unbalanced masticatory stress, puberty and pregnancy.

What are the main aggravating factors?

*pus, bacteria, disease

*+open lips, puberty and pregnancy

*facts and causes of the disease

*periodontal disease

*sublingual calculus

#524

*!Periodontal disease affects the supporting structures of the teeth. These are the gums, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. The earliest stage of the disease is chronic gingivitis involved the gums. It spreads to the underlying periodontal membrane and alveolar bone.

Which adjective is used in the superlative degree in this text?

*+earliest

*periodontal

*alveolar

*chronic

*clinical

#525

*!Periodontal disease affects the supporting structures of the teeth. These are gums, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone. The earliest stage of the disease is chronic gingivitis which is a chronic inflammation involving the gums alone.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*Toothbrushing

*+Periodontal disease

*Oral hygiene

*Caries

*Filings