*Filling*3*12*1*

#582

*!The cavity is extended to remove the entire stagnation area, e. g. occlusal fissures, on the carious surface. This is done with a hand pieces and burs. Burs and chisels are then used to finish off the cavity according to the type of filling necessary. Any remaining caries is removed with excavator.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*Removing the entire stagnation

*Procedure of inserting

*Procedure of removing

*+Instruments of removing caries

*Restoring of the teeth

#583

*!Amalgam is the most widely used as a permanent filling in dentistry and is preparedby mixing the alloy with mercury. The alloy contains silver, tin, copper and zinc; well over half consists of silver, whilst tin forms just over a quarter. It is supplied inthe form of powder for hand mixing, or as pre –packed capsules or pellets for medicinal mixing.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*The property of amalgam

*The usage of amalgam

*+The composition of amalgam

*The forms of mixture

*The mixture of alloy with mercury

#584

*!Acrylic is used as a permanent filling for front teeth as it matches them perfectly equals silicate in this respect. However, it has many other important uses in dentistry. Both silicate cement and acrylic have serious shortcomings as permanent filling materials for front teeth.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+The usage of acrylic

*The usage of acrylic for front teeth

*The property of acrylic materials

*Composite fillings

*Superiority of the new material

#585

*!Some fillings require the use of certain instruments or drugs which are not used for other fillings. This special requirements are dealt with under appropriate filling materials.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*Requirement for certain instruments

*+Requirement for certain instruments and drugs

*Special requirements for each fillings

*Appropriate filling materials

*Special instruments and drugs

#586

*!Zinc oxide and eugenol cement is non – irritant to the pulp and can be safely used in the very deepest cavities.It is too soft and slow – setting to use as a foundation for a permanent filling in one visit. But this can be overcome by using a quick - setting proprietary brand which hardens rapidly enough to make a satisfactory lining for permanent fillings.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*The usage of zinc oxide and eugenol for temporary fillings.

*The usage of zinc oxide and eugenol for permanent fillings.

*Changing of the property of materials.

*+The new material is useful for permanent fillings

*The new material is useless for permanent fillings

#587

*!Before a permanent filling is inserted the cavity may need to be lined . A lining is an insulating layer of cement which protects the pulp against conduction of heat or cold

through metal fillings; or against the irritant effect of certain other fillings, such as silicates and acrylic. Pain, and possibly death of the tooth, may occur through failure an adequate lining .

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*The lined cavity

*The lining of the cavity

*Possibilities of lining

*Pain or death of the tooth in case of inadequate lining

*+The lining protects the pulp

#588

*!Conservative treatment of caries , when the pulp is vital and unexposed is byfilling . If the pulp is exposed or dead, root canal therapy is usually necessary before the filling is done. Fillings are inserted in teeth to replace the part destoyed by caries . The normal function of the tooth is thereby restore, pain is prevented, and the vitality of the pulp is preserved.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*+The importance of filling

*Restoring the normal function by filling

*Filling

*Forms of fillings

*Prevention of pain

#589

*!Gold is used in form of cast inlays and crowns for permanent restorations of back teeth. The cavity is prepared and wax pattern of the inlay is made. In the laboratory a gold casting is made from wax pattern. The cast gold inlay is then cemented into the cavity with thin mix of zinc phosphate cement.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+Gold casting

*Usage of gold for permanent fillings

*The procedure of making gold casting

*Inserting of gold cast in lays and crowns

*Preparation of gold casting in the laboratory.

#590

*!In an attempt to overcome disadvantages, new filling materials have recently been introduced which combine the best properties of both materials and avoid their worst defects. These new materials are known as composite fillings and several types are available. Basically they consist of an inorganic strengthener in a resin binder. The inorganic strengthener may resemble silicate cement orconsist of glass beads or quartz. This is incorporated into the resin binder.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*+The new materials

*Composite fillings

*Superiority of the new materials

*The structure of the new material

*The property of the materials

#591

*!Temporary fillings are inserted as a temporary measure only. They are too soft to use as permanent fillings. The temporary fillings are:

zinc oxide and eugenol cement

zinc phosphate cement

zinc polyacrylate cement

gutta – percha

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage ?

*Inserting of temporary fillings

*Inserting of permanent fillings

*+Temporary fillings

*The forms of permanent fillings

*The forms of temporary fillings

#592

*!Permanent fillings are also various. For premolars and molars amalgam or gold is used. In front teeth , where these fillings would show , silicate cementacrylic or composite filings are used instead as their colour matches the tooth. Careful preparation of the cavity is required to ensure that all caries is removed; that the filling will be a permanent fixture; and caries will not recur at its margins.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Usage of amalgam or gold for premolars and molars

*Usage of silicate cement , acrylic or composite fillings

*Inserting of permanent fillings

*Preparation of the cavity

*+Permanent fillings

#593

*!A permanent filling cannot be inserted directly into a carious cavity. Careful preparation of the cavity is required to ensure that all caries is removed; that the filling will be a permanent fixture; and caries will not recur at its margin.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*Inserting of a temporary filling

*Preparation of the cavity

*+Preparation of the cavity for a permanent filling

*Removing of caries

*Aids for inserting of a permanent filling