3. When your friend (to return) from the south? — She (to return) yesterday. — You (to go) to the station to meet her? — No, I ..., I (to be) too busy.

4. Your brother (to return) from the north? — Yes, he (to come) a few days ago. 10. You (to be) to the Cri­mea? When you (to be) there? — I (to be) there in 2005. 11. Where (to be) your brother? — He just (to come) home. He (to take) a shower in the bathroom now. 12. As soon as I (to see) him, I (to understand) that he (to work) hard. He (to write) something and (not to notice) anything. 13. When I (to come) home yesterday, the children (to run) and (to sing) merrily. “We (to learn) a new song!” they cried.

9. When the young man (to enter) the room, she (to look) at him in surprise. “What you (to want) to tell me?” she (to say). “Why you (to come)?” 15. It (to rain) hard when I (to leave) home yesterday, so I (to return), (to put) on my raincoat and (to start) again. 16. You (to work) right now? — Yes, I (to prepare) for the English exams. 17. Have a look! That (to be) the Golden Gate Bridge on your left. — Oh, it (to be) beautiful. I just (to take) a picture of it. 18. Where you (to learn) the news? 19. They already (to think) of everything? They (to buy) a lot of food? — Yes, Mark just (to order) ten bottles of Coke and four kinds of mineral water. He (to men­tion) peanuts, but he (not to order) any. He (to think) of tea and fancy cakes. The shop (to charge) everything to Mark’s credit card. 20. Why you (to shiver)? — I (to shiver) because I (to be) cold. 21. I (to sprain) my ankle again. 22. A world-famous violinist (to play) at tonight’s concert. 23. The children (to play) with their train set the whole evening yesterday.

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Past Perfect Tense (предпрошедшее время)
1 had written he had written she had written it had written we had written you had written they had written		1 had not written he had not written she had not written it had not written we had not written you had not written they had not written
Had 1 written? Had he written? Had she written? Had it written? Had we written? Had you written? Had they written?	Yes, 1 had. Yes, he had. Yes, she had. Yes, it had. Yes, we had. Yes, you had. Yes, they had.		No, 1 hadn’t. No, he hadn’t. No, she hadn’t. No, it hadn’t. No, we hadn’t. No, you hadn’t. No, they hadn’t.

Сравните употребление Past Simple и Past Perfect

Упражнение 239

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.

1. Tom (to return) from the cinema at five o’clock.

2. Tom (to return) from the cinema by five o’clock.

1. (to finish) my homework at seven o’clock. 4.1 (to finish) my homework by seven o’clock. 5. He (to think) that he (to lose) the money. 6. Ann (to tell) me that she (to see) an interesting film. 7. When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner. 8. When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our home­work. 9. When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books. 10. Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before.

7. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw). 12. The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field. 13. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands. 14. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework.

9. I (to know) that my friend (not yet to come).

10. When I (to wake) up yesterday, father already (to go) to work. 17. Nick (to think) that his father (not yet to come) home. 18. Mary (to tell) us that she (to cook) a good dinner. 19. Yesterday I (to find) the book which I (to lose) in summer. 20. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave).

Упражнение 240

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.

1. By two o’clock the teacher (to examine) all the students. 2. On my way to school I (to remember)

that I (to leave) my report at home. 3. My friends (to be) glad to hear that I (to pass) all the exams successfully. 4. Poor Oliver (to lie) unconscious on the spot where Sikes (to leave) him. 5. He (to open) his eyes, (to look) around and (to try) to remember what (to happen) to him. 6. All the passengers (to see) at once that the old man (to travel) a great deal in his life. 7. By the time we (to come) to see him, he (to return) home. 8. During the holidays my friend (to visit) the village where he (to live) in his child­hood. 9. When they (to enter) the hall, the perfor­mance already (to begin). 10. When I came home, my mother (to tell) me that she (to receive) a letter from grandfather. 11. Where you (to work) before you (to go) to university? 12. He (to know) French before he (to visit) France. 13. Lanny (to say) that he (to get) his education in Cape Town. 14. The boy (to want) to act the main part in the play because he (to organize) the theatre. 15. Lanny (not to know) who (to attack) him in the darkness. 16. The girl (to be) glad that she (to find) a seat near the window.

9. Suddenly he (to remember) that he (not to ring) her up in the morning. 18. By the time the train (to reach) the city, he (to make) friends with many pas­sengers. 19. When my uncle (to leave), he (to hurry) to the station to book a ticket. 20. She (to think) that Gert and Lanny (to quarrel).

Сравните употребление Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect

Упражнение 241

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.

1. By eight o’clock yesterday I (to do) my home­work and at eight I (to play) the piano. 2. By six

o’clock father (to come) home and at six he (to have) dinner. 3. By nine o’clock yesterday grandmother (to wash) the dishes and at nine she (to watch) TV.

4. When I (to meet) Tom, he (to eat) an ice cream which he (to buy) at the corner of the street. 5. When father (to come) home, we (to cook) the mushrooms which we (to gather) in the wood. 6. When I (to see) Ann, she (to sort) the flowers which she (to pick) in the field. 7. When I (to come) home yesterday, I (to see) that my little brother (to break) my pen and (to play) with its pieces. 8. When I (to open) the door of the classroom, I (to see) that the teacher already (to come) and the pupils (to write) a dictation. 9. When I (to come) home, my sister (to read) a book which she (to bring) from the library. 10. When mother (to come) home, the children (to eat) the soup which she (to cook) in the morning. 11. When I (to ring) up Mike, he still (to learn) the poem which he (to begin) learning at school. 12. When I (to look) out of the window, the children (to play) with a ball which Pete (to bring) from home. 13. By ten o’clock the children (to settle) comfortably on the sofa and at ten they (to watch) a film on TV.

Упражнение 242

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.

Last night we (to go) to a football match. We (to take) a bus. The bus (to be) overcrowded as a lot of people (to want) to see the match. We (to get) off the bus and (to go) in the direction of the stadium. While we (to cross) the road, I (to see) Victor. He (to stand) at the corner. He said he (to wait) for his friend who (to come) to St Petersburg the day before and (to wish) to see the new stadium. A man (to come) up to me and asked if I (to have) a spare ticket for the match. Victor told us that two boys just (to ask) him whether he (to have) a spare ticket. We (to enter) the stadium just as the football play­ers (to come) out on to the field. At the entrance to the stadium we (to meet) Sergei. He (to show) us to our seats and (to ask) me if I (to play) football in my childhood. We (to agree) to meet in the snack bar during the interval.

Упражнение 243

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.

1. There (to be) two men in the room. One of them (to write) something while the other (to read) a newspa­per. 2. He (not to tell) me that he (to receive) a message from her. 3. I (to ask) him if he (to know) where she (to live). I (to say) I (not to know) her address. 4. He (to ask) me if I (can) give him your address. 5. She (to say) that he (to give) her the wrong address. 6. I (to ask) him where he (to put) my letter. 7. He (to tell) us that they (to spend) all the money. 8. I (to sit) in an armchair and (to think) of my coming trip across the North Sea when the door suddenly (to open) and an old friend of mine whom I (not to see) for a very long time (to enter) the room. 9. She (to come) to see us just at the time when we (to have) dinner. It (to be) the first time I (to see) her. 10.1 (to see) him just as he (to leave) the hotel. 11.1 (not to see) him before we (to meet) at the concert. 12. He (to leave) the house before I (to have) time to ask him anything. 13. After spending several days in Paris he (to feel) lonely and (to want) to return home. 14. I (to think) he already (to go) home. 15.1 (to find) the old man in the garden. He (to talk) to some children who (to stand) around listening to him. 16. He (to speak) a language we never (to hear) before. 17. He (to tell) me he (to learn) it from the newspaper. 18. He (to enter) the room, (to take) something from the desk and (to go) out.

Упражнение 244

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous и Past Perfect.

1. I (to return) to the hotel only late at night as I (to lose) my way in the fog. When I (to come) up to my room, I (to see) Pete who (to stand) at the door of the room. He (to wait) for me as he (to lose) his key and could not get in. 2. When I (to wake) up, it (to be) already ten o’clock. I (to call) my brother. Nobody (to answer). He already (to leave). 3. I (to go) up to the open window. The rain (to stop) and the sun (to shine) brightly. The birds in the garden (to sing). The morning (to be) fine. 4. When the rain (to stop), I (to look) out of the window and (to see) John who (to stand) under a tree waiting for me.

4. When I called at his house, they (to tell) me that he (to leave) an hour before. 6. When I came to the sta­tion, I (not to find) my friend there as I (to be) five minutes late and the train (to leave). 7. He (to want) to visit the place where he (to live) in his childhood.

8. The e-mail (to come) some minutes before he (to leave). 9. She (to look) very tired as she (to work) hard. 10. When she (to finish) work?

Сравните употребление всех изученных времен, соответствующих русскому прошедшему времени

Упражнение 245

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Continuous или Past Perfect.

1. He (to come) home late yesterday. 2. She is very glad: she (to finish) her essay at last. 3. He (to translate) the whole text by eleven o’clock.

4. I never (to be) to Rome. 5. Last year we (to work) too much. 6. When I (to have) breakfast, I went to school. 7. I (not to see) you for ages! I am very glad to see you. 8. When you (to see) the “Swan Lake”?

9. My sister already (to graduate) from the univer­sity. 10. He repaired the toy which his brother (to break) the day before. 11. I (to see) an interesting TV programme this week. 12. You ever (to be) to Trafalgar Square? 13. They (to cook) the whole day yesterday. 14. I just (to see) Jack. 15. She (to play) the violin from five till six. 16. Look! She (to draw) a very nice picture. 17. At this time yesterday I (to talk) to my friend. 18. My favourite TV programme (to begin) before I (to come) home. 19. I (not to eat) ice cream since summer. 20. I understood that she (not to read) the novel. 21. She (to do) the rooms when I (to come) home. 22. It’s all right: she (to find) the way out of the situation. 23. I (to answer) three questions and that is enough. 24. He just (to spend) all his money.

Упражнение 246

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Continuous или Past Per­fect.

1. Last summer we (to live) in the country and (to go) to the river every day. 2. My sister (to spend) a lot of money yesterday. 3. She is so upset: she (to lose) the key to the front door. 4. By the 1st of Sep­tember all the children (to return) from the country.

4. Columbus (to discover) America 500 years ago.

5. Columbus (not to know) that he (to discover) America. 7. I already (to read) five English books.

8. He (to discuss) the problem with a lot of people before he (to take) a decision. 9. Mother (to bake) a delicious cake! Sit down at the table and let’s eat it!

10. She (to read) an English book the whole evening yesterday. 11. I never (to be) to Greece. 12. They (to tell) me yesterday that you (to get) an excellent mark. 13. When you (to receive) a parcel from your friend? 14. Our grandmother (to cook) dinner from twelve till three yesterday. 15. Look! What beautiful flowers she (to buy)! 16. They (to travel) along the coast of Africa last year. 17. We (not to see) each other for ages. 18. They (to eat) all the apples which I (to bring). 19. When the children (to have) dinner, they (to go) to the cinema. 20. You ever (to be) to Niag­ara Falls? 21. At this time yesterday they (to sit) on the sofa and (to listen) to their grandmother who (to tell) them fairy tales. 22. My friend just (to ring) me up from London. 23. I (to stand) at the tram stop when it (to begin) to rain. 24. We (not to skate) since last winter. 25. I (to promise) to be back by six o’clock.

Упражнение 247

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect, Past Simple, Past Continuous или Past Per­fect.

1. She is very happy: her son (to finish) school.

2. My brother (to train) at the stadium from six till eight yesterday. 3. My sister (to buy) a pair of nice high-heeled shoes this month. 4. I (not to dance) for ages. 5. When Nick (to come) from school, his friends (to play) hockey on ice. 6. When your sister (to go) to London? 7. My friend just (to recover) after a serious illness. 8. I never (to be) to the Bahamas. 9. At this time yesterday we (to talk) about you. 10.1 (to speak) to my friend yesterday. 11. Look! Kate (to wash) all the dishes. 12. Your mother (to return) from work? Can I speak to her? 13. She (to do) her flat the whole day on Saturday. 14. The cat (to drink) all the milk which I (to give) it. 15. You ever (to be) to Piccadilly Circus? 16. He (not to read) Turgenev since he was a pupil. 17. They (to reach) the river by sunset.

1. (not yet to receive) an answer to my letter.

17. Only when she was going to bed, she remembered that she (to forget) to ring up her friend. 20. We already (to study) seven English tenses. 21. He (to spend) two weeks in Scotland two years ago.

21. I (to buy) a lovely fashionable dress. Now I shall look smart at the party. 23. He (to learn) English before he (to go) to the USA. 24. When she (to spend) all her money, she (to go) home.

Упражнения на все изученные времена

Упражнение 248

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы, в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. My friend (to like) pies. He (to eat) pies every day. When I (to meet) him in the street yesterday, he (to eat) a pie. He (to tell) me that he (to buy) that pie at the corner of the street. Look at my friend now! He (to eat) a pie again. 2.1 always (to come) to school at a quarter to nine. 3. Yesterday I (to come) to school at ten minutes to nine. 4. Tomorrow Nick (not to go) to the cinema because he (to be) there yesterday. He already (to be) to the cinema this week. He (to stay) at home and (to play) a computer game. 5. What your brother (to do) now? 6. My father (to work) in an office. It (to be) Sunday now. He (not to work) at the office, he (to read) at home. 7. I (not to see) you for a while! You (to be) busy at work? — I (to have) an awful week, you (to know). 8. What he (to do) at ten o’clock last night? — He (not to do) anything really. He just (to look) at some magazines. 9. We (to have) rather a difficult time at the moment. — I (to be) sorry to hear that. 10. Something awful (to happen). Her little daughter (to swallow) acoin. 11. She (to ask) me if I (to see) her backpack. 12. After the boys (to do) all the work, they (to go) to the theatre.

Упражнение 249

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. We (to bring) a lot of berries from the wood. Now we shall make jam. 2. Look! Jane (to swim) across the lake. 3. What they (to do) at six o’clock yesterday? 4. You ever (to see) the Pyramids? 5.1 (to go) to the Caucasus two years ago. 6. We (to go) to school every day. 7. Nick (to do) his homework by seven o’clock yesterday. 8. You (to help) your father tomorrow? 9. When Nick (to come) home yester­day, his mother (to return) and (to cook) dinner in the kitchen. 10. When I (to go) to school yesterday, I suddenly (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my English exercise book. 11. Yesterday grandfather (to tell) us how he (to work) at the factory during the war. 12. When Mr and Mrs Smith (to arrive) home, they (to discover) that someone (to break) into their house. Their video recorder and television (to disap­pear). They (not to know) what they (to do) to de­serve this bad luck. 13. The man (to get) off the bus without paying while the conductor (to collect) fares upstairs.

Упражнение 250

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Don’t go to Nick’s place now, he (to work). He (to finish) his homework at seven o’clock. If you (to come) after seven, he (to be) very glad. 2. Pete (to go) to the cinema? — Yes, I (to think) so. He usually (to play) in the yard at this time, and now he (not to be) there. 3. He (to read) a book at five o’clock yesterday. 4. You (to go) for a walk with me? — I (to be) sorry, I can’t. I (to do) my homework. I (not yet to write) the English exercise. If you (to wait) for me, I (to go) with you in half an hour. I (to want) to take a walk, because I (not to have) walks since last week. 5. Yesterday the children (to do) all their homework before mother (to come) home, and when she (to come), they (to play) with the cat. 6. I (to lose) my key when I (to play) in the yard yester­day. 7. Ring me up as soon as you (to come) home.

8. Where you usually (to borrow) books for reading?

9. He doesn’t think he ever (to see) this film.

Упражнение 251

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Mike (to eat) ice cream every day. Look, he (to eat) ice cream now. When I (to see) him in the morn­ing, he (to eat) ice cream, too. He (to say) he (to eat) one ice cream already by that time. I think he (to fall) ill if he (to eat) so much ice cream. 2. They (to walk) along the street and (to talk). Suddenly Nick (to stop) and (to say), “Oh, what shall we do? I (to lose) the door key.” “If you (not to find) it,” said Pete, “we (to have) to wait for your mother.” 3. When I (to come) to the station yesterday, I (to learn) that my train already (to leave). 4. What he (to do) when you (to see) him yesterday? 5. I (to give) you this book as soon as I (to finish) reading it. 6. When the ship (to cross) the ocean, a great storm (to break) out.

1. never (to hear) of her. 8. Her parents (to have) breakfast when he (to phone).

Упражнение 252

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Let’s go for a walk. The rain (to stop) and the sun (to shine). 2. If you (to help) me, I (to do) this work well. 3. I always (to get) up at eight o’clock, but tomorrow I (to get) up a little later. 4. What you (to read) now? — I (to read) Tom’s book. I (to be) in a hurry. Tom soon (to come), and I (to want) to finish reading the book before he (to come). 5. As soon as you (to see) your friend, tell him that I (to want) to see him. 6. When I (to come) home yester­day, my brother (to sleep). 7. When you (to come) to see us? — I (to come) tomorrow if I (not to be) busy.

8. I (not to like) apples. 9. He (to come) home at five o’clock yesterday. 10.1 (to ring) you up as soon as I (to come) home tomorrow. 11. I (to show) you my work if you (to like). 12. He (to come) home by six o’clock yesterday. 13. Pete certainly (to help) you with your English if you (to ask) him. 14. This little boy never (to see) a crocodile. 15. Send me an e-mail as soon as you (to arrive). 16. He (to know) the results before we (to meet). 17. He (to hear) the latest news?

Упражнение 253

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Yesterday I (to put) five apples into the fruit bowl. Where they (to be) now? — I (to eat) them. You (to bring) some more tomorrow? — Yes, if you (not to make) noise when granny (to sleep). 2. You ever (to be) to the Hermitage? 3. What Nick (to do) when you (to ring) him up yesterday? — He (to play) the piano. He (to tell) me that he already (to write) his essay. 4. Why she (to sleep) now? It (to be) too early. She never (to sleep) at this time. 5. You (to go) to the library tomorrow? — No, I already (to be) there this week. I (to be) there on Monday. As a rule, I (to borrow) books from the library every Wednes­day. But yesterday I (not to go) there, because I (not to read) the book. I (to read) it now. I (to go) to the library on Saturday if I (to finish) the book by that time. 6. As soon as I (to receive) atourist visa, I shall go to France. 7. By six o’clock we already (to make) arrangements to take the early train. 8.1 don’t think they ever (to talk) about this trip.

Упражнение 254

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Autumn (to come). It (to be) November now. It (to get) colder, the days (to get) shorter. It often (to rain). Soon it (to be) very cold. 2. When I (to do) my homework yesterday, I quickly (to run) to the yard, because my friends (to wait) for me there. 3. We (to have) a nice time-last summer. 4. What you (to learn) for today? — I (to be) sorry, I (not to do) anything. I (to be) ill yesterday and (not to know) what to do. I (to be) ready with my homework tomorrow. — If you (not to prepare) it tomorrow, you (to get) a bad mark. 5. What you (to do) at five o’clock yesterday?

4. Mike always (to do) his homework in the evening, but today he (to begin) doing it as soon as he comes from school, because his father (to promise) to take him to the theatre. 7. When Mary (to come) home, her brother (to read) the book which she (to bring) him two days before.

Упражнение 255

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

1. Hello! Where you (to go)? — Nowhere in par­ticular. I just (to take) a walk. 2. Our students (to do) all kinds of exercises and now they (to be) sure that they (to know) this rule well. They (to hope) they (to make) no mistakes in the paper. 3. The expedition (to cover) hundreds of kilometres, but they still (to be) far from their destination. 4. You (to go) to Great Britain next year? 5. Yesterday Nick (to say) that he (to read) so much during his summer holidays. 6. At the age of twenty my father (to combine) work and study.

4. A great number of students (to study) in the read­ing room when I (to enter) it last night. 8. The storm (to rage) the whole night, and the sailors (to try) to do their best to save the ship. 9. Mike’s friends could hardly recognize him as he (to change) greatly after his expedition to the Antarctic. 10. When I (to enter) the hall, the students (to listen) to a very in­formative lecture on history of the English language.

11. I don’t think she ever (to read) such a book.

Упражнение 256

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect.

It was eight o’clock in the morning and time for me to go to work. I (to look) out of the window. It (to rain) hard. “You (to get) wet through if you (to go) out now,” said my mother. “No, I ... ,” I answered, “I (to take) an umbrella.” We (to have) five umbrellas in the house, but when I (to want) to take one, I (to find).that there (to be) not one that I could use: they all (to be) torn or broken. So I (to take) them all and (to carry) them to the umbrella maker, saying that I would call for the umbrellas on my way home in the evening. When I (to go) to have lunch in the after­noon, it still (to rain) very hard. I (to go) to the near­est cafe, and (to sit) down at a table. A few minutes later a young woman (to come) in and (to sit) down at the same table with me. When I (to finish) my lunch and (to be) ready to leave, I absent-mindedly (to take) her umbrella and (to start) for the exit. She (to stop) me saying that I (to take) her umbrella. I (to return) the umbrella with many apologies. In the evening I (to go) to the umbrella maker, (to take) my five umbrellas and (to get) on the tram to go home. It so happened that the woman I (to meet) at the cafe (to ride) in the same tram. When she (to see) me with my five umbrellas, she (to say), “You (to have) a suc­cessful day today, (to have not) you?”

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Future Continuous Tense (Future Progressive Tense) (действие в процессе, будет совершаться в определенный момент в будущем)
1 shall be writing he will be writing she will be writing it will be writing we shall be writin you will be writinc they will be writin	9 3	1 shall not be writing he will not be writing she will not be writing it will not be writing we shall not be writing you will not be writing they will not be writing
Shall 1 be writing? Will he be writing? Will she be writing? Will it be writing? Shall we be writing? Will you be writing? Will they be writing?	Yes, 1 shall. Yes, he will. Yes, she will. Yes, it will. Yes, we shall. Yes, you will. Yes, they will.		No, 1 shan’t. No, he won’t. No, she won’t. No, it won’t. No, we shan’t. No, you won’t. No, they won’t.

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Future Perfect Tense (действие уже совершится к определенному моменту в будущем)
1 shall have written he will have written she will have written it will have written we shall have written you will have written they will have written		1 shall not have written he will not have written she will not have written it will not have written we shall not have written you will not have written they will not have written
Shall 1 have written? Will he have written? Will she have written? Will it have written? Shall we have written? Will you have written? Will they have written?	Yes, 1 shall. Yes, he will. Yes, she will. Yes, it will. Yes, we shall. Yes, you will. Yes, they will.		No, 1 shan’t. No, he won’t. No, she won’t. No, it won’t. No, we shan’t. No, you won’t. No, they won’t.

Сравните употребление трех будущих времен: Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect

Упражнение 257

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из будущих времен: Future Simple, Future Continuous или Future Perfect.

1. I (to do) my homework tomorrow.

2. I (to do) my homework at six o’clock tomorrow.

3. I (to do) my homework by six o’clock tomorrow.

4. Tomorrow I (to begin) doing my homework as soon as I come from school. I (to do) my homework from three till six. My father (to come) home at seven o’clock tomorrow. I (to do) all my homework by the time he comes, and we (to go) for a walk to­gether.

5. When I come home tomorrow, my family (to have) supper.

6. When you come to my place tomorrow, I (to read) your book. I (to do) my homework by the time you come.

7. Don’t come to my place tomorrow. I (to write) an essay the whole evening.

8. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. I (to watch) TV the whole evening.

9. What you (to do) tomorrow?

10. You (to play) volleyball tomorrow?

11. What you (to do) at eight o’clock tomorrow?

12. You (to do) this work by next Sunday?

13. When you (to go) to see your friend next time?

14. How many pages you (to read) by five o’clock tomorrow?

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Present Perfect Progressive Tense) (действие началось в прошлом, длилось вплоть до настоящего и продолжается в настоящем)
1 have been writing he has been writing she has been writing it has been writing we have been writing you have been writing they have been writing		1 have not been writing he has not been writing she has not been writing it has not been writing we have not been writing you have not been writ­ing they have not been writ­ing
Have 1 been writing? Has he been writing? Has she been writing? Has it been writing? Have we been writing? Have you been writing? Have they been writing?	Yes, 1 have. Yes, he has. Yes, she has. Yes, it has. Yes, we have. Yes, you have. Yes, they have.		No, 1 haven’t. No, he hasn’t. No, she hasn’t. No, it hasn’t. No, we haven’t. No, you haven’t. No, they haven’t.

Сравните следующие предложения:

Я живу в Санкт-Петербурге. Я живу в Санкт-Петербурге с детства.

Она делает уроки.

Она делает уроки с утра.

I live in St Petersburg.

I have been living in St Petersburg since childhood.

She is doing her homework. She has been doing her homework since morning.

Упражнение 258

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple, Present Continuous или Present Perfect Continuous.

1. а) Мой папа работает в институте.

b) Мой папа работает в институте с 1995 года.

2. а) Моя бабушка готовит обед. (СЕЙЧАС)

Ь) Моя бабушка готовит обед с двух часов.

3. а) Моя сестра спит.

Ь) Моя сестра спит с пяти часов.

4. а) Мама убирает квартиру. (СЕЙЧАС)

Ь) Мама убирает квартиру с утра.

5. а) Дедушка смотрит телевизор. (СЕЙЧАС) Ь) Дедушка смотрит телевизор с шести часов.

6. а) Мой дядя пишет стихи.

Ь) Мой дядя пишет стихи с детства.

7. а) Она читает. (СЕЙЧАС)

Ь) Она читает с утра.

8. а) Они играют в волейбол. (СЕЙЧАС)

Ь) Они играют в волейбол с трех часов.

9. а) Мы изучаем английский язык.

Ь) Мы изучаем английский язык с 2010 года.

Сравните следующие предложения:
1 am still working on my report. 1 have already been working on my report for three hours.	Я все еще рабо­таю над докладом. Я уже 3 часа рабо­таю над докладом.	Present Continuous Present Perfect Continuous

Упражнение 259

1.	а
	b
2.	а
	b
3.	а
	b
4.	а
	b
5.	а
	b
6.	а
	b
7.	а
	b
8.	а
	b
9.	а
	b
10.	а
	b
11.	а
	b
12.	а
	b
13.	а
	b
14.	а
	b

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или в Present Perfect Continuous.

Она все еще изучает испанский язык. Она уже два года изучает испанский язык.

Они все еще живут на даче.

Они уже четыре месяца живут на даче. Она все еще разговаривает по телефону. Она разговаривает по телефону уже двад­цать минут.

Мой брат все еще решает эту трудную за­дачу.

Он решает эту задачу уже полчаса.

Она все еще пишет письмо бабушке.

Она уже целый час пишет это письмо. Они все еще ловят рыбу.

Они ловят рыбу уже пять часов. Дедушка и бабушка все еще играют в лото.

Они играют в лото уже два часа.

Они все еще спорят.

Они спорят уже два часа.

Она еще спит.

Она спит уже два часа.

Он еще делает уроки.

Он делает уроки уже три часа. Мальчики все еще играют в футбол.

Они играют в футбол уже сорок минут. Девочки еще переодеваются.

Они переодеваются уже полчаса. Артисты все еще репетируют эту сцену. Они репетируют эту сцену уже три часа. Дети все еще бегают во дворе.

Они уже три часа бегают во дворе.

15. а) Он все еще пишет свою новую книгу.

Ь) Он пишет свою новую книгу уже два года.

16. а) Он все еще учит монолог Гамлета.

Ь) Он учит монолог Гамлета уже два дня.

17. а) Мы все еще ремонтируем нашу квартиру. Ь) Мы ремонтируем нашу квартиру уже

полмесяца.

Сравните употребление всех времен Present

Упражнение 260

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous.

1. This man (to be) a writer. He (to write) books. He (to write) books since he was a young man. He already (to write) eight books. 2. What you (to do) here since morning? 3. Lena is a very good girl. She always (to help) her mother about the house. Today she (to help) her mother since morning. They already (to wash) the floor and (to dust) the furniture. Now they (to cook) dinner together. 4. He (to run) now. He (to run) for ten minutes without any rest. 5. What they (to do) now? — They (to work) in the reading room. They (to work) there for three hours already.

6. Where he (to be) now? — He (to be) in the garden. He (to play) basketball with his friends. They (to play) since breakfast time. 7. I (to live) in St Peters­burg. I (to live) in St Petersburg since 1990. 8. This is the factory where my father (to work). He (to work) here for fifteen years. 9. You (to find) your note­book? — No! I still (to look) for it. I already (to look) for it for two hours, but (not yet to find) it. 10. You (to play) with a ball for three hours already. Go home and do your homework. 11. Wake up! You (to sleep) for ten hours already. 12. I (to wait) for an answer from my cousin for a month already, but (not yet to receive) it. 13. She already (to do) her homework for two hours; but she (not yet to do) half of it. 14. I (to wait) for you since two o’clock. 15. What you (to do)? — I (to read). I (to read) for two hours already. I already (to read) sixty pages. 16. It is difficult for me to speak about this opera as I (not to hear) it. 17.1 just (to receive) a letter from my granny, but I (not yet to receive) any letters from my parents. 18. The weather (to be) fine today. The sun (to shine) ever since we got up. 19. Every day I (to wind) up my watch at 10 o’clock in the evening. 20. Come along, Henry, what you (to do) now? I (to wait) for you a long time. 21. Where your gloves (to be)? — I (to put) them into my pocket. 22.1 (to stay) with some American friends in Chicago. I (to stay) with them for two weeks now. I (to have) a great time here. I (to take) the opportu­nity to improve my English. I already (to see) the tow­ering skyscrapers of Chicago which are reflected in the rippling water of Lake Michigan. I just (to take) a picture of Chicago’s Sears Tower which (to rise) 1,707 feet and (to provide) a panoramic view from the skydeck. 23. I (to go) to give that cat some food. I (to be) sure it (to starve). — But Jane already (to feed) the cat. You needn’t do it.

Глаголы, не имеющие форм Continuos, следует употреблять в Present Perfect.

Сравните следующие пары предложений:
Я знаю его. Я знаю его уже три годэ.	1 know him. 1 have known him for three years.
Я хочу поехать в Лондон. Я всегда хотел поехать в Лондон (и сейчас хочу).	1 want to go to London. 1 have always wanted to go to London.
Она больна. Она больна уже две недели.	She is ill. She has been ill for two weeks.
Он предпочитает класси­ческую музыку. Он всегда предпочитал классическую музыку (и сейчас предпочитает).	He prefers classical music. He has always preferred classical music.
Она любит кошек. Она всегда любила кошек {и сейчас любит).	She likes cats. She has always liked cats.

Упражнение 261

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя гла­голы в Present Simple, Present Continuous, Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous.

1. Мы знаем друг друга уже четыре года.

2. Я всегда хотел изучать английский язык. 3. Где Нина? — Она уже два часа дома. 4. Где дети? — Они все еще играют во дворе. 5. Мой брат уже три года инженер. 6. Мой друг знает английский с детства. 7. Я уже полчаса наблюдаю за тобой.

4. Ваш брат еще болен? — Нет, он уже поправил­ся. Он уже три дня занимается физикой. Он хочет получить отличную оценку на экзамене. 9. Мне уже давно хочется прочесть эту книгу. 10. Я уже двадцать минут пытаюсь найти мою старую тетрадь.

6. Они уже десять лет живут в Нью-Йорке. 12. Моя тетя — артистка. Она всегда любила театр. 13. Ваш папа уже вернулся с севера? — Да, он уже две недели дома. 14. Я уже три дня об этом думаю.

12. Моя сестра пьет кофе с молоком. А я всегда предпочитал черный кофе. 16. Мы очень рады вас видеть. Мы вас ждали целый месяц. 17. Вы все еще читаете эту книгу? Сколько времени вы ее уже чи­таете? 18. Моя сестра занимается музыкой уже пять лет. 19. Я ищу тебя весь вечер. Где ты был все это время? 20. Они пишут сочинение уже два часа.

Будущее в прошедшем

Не забудьте, что если главное предложение стоит в прошедшем времени, то в придаточном дополни­тельном вместо будущих времен должны употребляться соответствующие будущие-в-прошедшем времена.

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Future-ln-the-Past Simple Tense
(He knew that)	(He thought that)
1 should write	1 should not write
he would write	he would not write
she would write	she would not write
it would write	it would not write
we should write	we should not write
you would write	you would not write
they would write	they would not write

Спряжение глагола to write (писать) в Future-in-the-Past Continuous Tense

(He said that) 1 should be writing he would be writing she would be writing it would be writing we should be writing you would be writing they would be writing	(He supposed that) 1 should not be writing he would not be writing she would not be writing it would not be writing we should not be writing you would not be writing they would not be writing
Спряжение глагола to write (писать) ' в Future-in-the-Past Perfect Tense
(He was sure that) 1 should have written he would have written she would have written it would have written we should have written you would have written they would have written	(He guessed that) 1 should not have written he would not have written she would not have written it would not have written we should not have written you would not have written they would not have written

Упражнение 262

Перепишите следующие предложения в прошед­шем времени.

1. I am afraid I shall be late. 2. Do you think we shall pick all the apples in three days? 3. He hopes you will often visit him. 4. They expect he will be at home in a few days. 5. We are not sure he will arrive at our party. 6. She promises that she will finish the work in a week. 7. I think Henry will help us. 8. I hope we’ll enjoy the show. 9. She expects he’ll win the race.

Упражнение 263

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Future Simple или Future-in-the-Past Simple.

1. I know we (not to be) late. 2. I knew we (not to be) late. 3. I want to know whether he (to be) at home. 4. I wanted to know whether he (to be) at home. 5. “When you (to be) ready?” he asked. 6. He asked when I (to be) ready. 7. I can’t say whether Bob (to do) the work perfectly, but he (to do) his best. 8. He asked me whether he (to see) Olga there.

4. Are you sure that we (to have) time to do that?

5. I was afraid he (to say), “I don’t think I (to be) able to come.” 11. I did not know what he (to speak) about. 12.1 knew your aunt (to bake) special cookies for all her nieces and nephews.

Упражнение 264

Употребите следующие предложения как прида­точные дополнительные. В роли главных предложе­ний используйте предложения, данные в скобках.

(I supposed; Не believed; She was sure; We were told; I heard; She said; He understood; She imagined; The letter said.)

• E.g. My brother will be sleeping.

I supposed that my brother would be sleeping.

1. He will solve the problem in no time. 2. The new film will be shown at a cinema. 3. The teacher will have corrected our papers by the beginning of the lesson. 4. She will not like that TV programme.

4. The train will arrive on time. 6. The children will be playing in the yard. 7. All the newspapers will publish that information. 8. They will win the game. 9.1 shall go to the south. 10. My sister will not forget to ring me up. 11. I shall have done my homework by nine o’clock. 12. The tourists will not return by sunset. 13. My friends will be waiting for me. 14. My friend will have returned by that time.

15. They will be working the whole evening. 16. He will return that book to the library immediately.

Упражнение 265

Переведите на английский язык, обращая внима­ние на время глагола в главном предложении.

1. Я знаю, что он скоро придет. 2. Я знал, что он скоро придет. 3. Я думаю, что она будет спать в это время. 4. Я думал, что она будет спать в это время. 5. Она думает, что сделает всю работу к пяти часам. 6. Она думала, что сделает всю ра­боту к пяти часам. 7. Я был уверен, что к десяти часам он уже выучит стихотворение. 8. Я знал, что к девяти часам мама уже приготовит ужин и в девять часов вся семья будет сидеть за столом. Я боялся, что приду слишком поздно. 9. Она боя­лась, что ее друг не придет. 10. Они написали, что скоро приедут. 11. Я был уверен, что встречу его на станции. 12. Я думаю, что папа скоро напишет нам письмо. 13. Вам сказали, что в декабре мы будем писать контрольную работу? 14. Он понял, что никогда ее не забудет. 15. Я полагаю, что они вспомнят о нас. 16. Он говорит, что купит машину.

17. Он говорил, что купит машину.

Все времена действительного залога
	Present	Past	Future	Future-in- the-Past
Simple (Indefinite)	He writes letters every day.	He wrote a letter yesterday.	He will write a letter tomorrow.	(He said that) he would write a letter the next day.
Continuous (Progressive)	He is writing a letter now.	He was writing a letter at 5 o’clock yesterday.	He will be writing a letter at 5 o’clock tomorrow.	(He said that) he would be writing a letter at 5 o’clock the next day.
Perfect	He has already written a letter.	He had written a letter by 5 o’clock yesterday.	He will have written a letter by 5 o’clock tomorrow.	(He said that) he would have written a letter by 5 o’clock the next day.
Perfect Cotinuous (Perfect Progressive)	He has been writing a letter since morning.	He had been writing a letter for two hours when 1 came.	He will have been writing a letter for two hours when 1 come.	(He said that) he would have been writing a letter for two hours when 1 came.

Упражнения на все 16 времен действительного залога

Упражнение 266

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющемся времени.

1. When morning came, the storm already (to stop), but the snow still (to fall). 2. Yesterday by eight o’clock he (to finish) all his homework, and when I (to come) to his place at nine, he (to read).