- •Is your brother at ... Home? — No, he is at ... Work. He works in ... Big factory. He is ... Engineer.
- •My sister has many ... Books. ... Books are in ... Big bookcase. She has really ... Good ... Taste in ... Books.
- •In ✓ fact the same
- •I (not to sleep) in the daytime.
- •When your friend (to return) from the south? — She (to return) yesterday. — You (to go) to the station to meet her? — No, I ..., I (to be) too busy.
- •I (to wait) for permission to go abroad for three weeks already, but I (not to receive) the visa yet.
- •Indirect commands
- •III форма глагола
- •I know him to be a good pupil.
- •I expect him to come.
- •The apparatus seemed to be in excellent condition. 13. You appear to have found in him something
- •I should have
- •I cannot swim. (не умею) I can play the piano.
- •2) It was not necessary to go there.
- •I needn’t have done it. — можно было не делать
- •Iron ['aian] n железо; утюг;
I (to wait) for permission to go abroad for three weeks already, but I (not to receive) the visa yet.
Everybody (to be) at the museum, but my friend (not yet to come). 5. We (to drink) tea when the telephone (to ring). 6. Johnny noticed that everybody (to look) at him, and he (to feel) shy. 7. Light (to travel) more quickly than sound. 8. When I (to come) to Pete’s house last Sunday, he (to read) a new book. He (to say) he (to give) it to me soon. Today I (to take) it from him. Now I (to read) it. I (to finish) it by Friday. If you like, I (to give) it to you on Saturday when you (to come) to see me. 9. When will he come? We (to wait) for him for half an hour already. 10. On leaving the hall, the students (to thank) the professor who (to deliver) the lecture. 11. We already (to cover) about ten miles when Peter, who (to look) out of the window for the last five or ten minutes, suddenly exclaimed, “Here is the station!”
Упражнение 267
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. Не (to be) here five minutes ago, but you (to be) out. He (to ask) me to tell you that he (to come) again tonight. 2. You (to read) “The Murder of Roger Ackroyd” by Agatha Christie? — No, I (not yet to read) it. But I (to hear) that it (to be) a very interesting book. I (to read) it as soon as I (to get) it. 3. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to arrive). The passengers (to hurry) to occupy their seats in the carriages. 4. The concert (to be) a greater success than we (to expect). We were very glad. 5. He (to tell) me that if no one (to come) to meet me at the station, I (can) leave the suitcases in the checkroom and go to the hotel where he (to reserve) a room for me. 6. Lanny (to return) home after seven years of absence. During these seven years he (to study) in Cape Town where his people (to send) him. Lanny was glad at the thought that he (to do) what they (to hope) he (to do) and that soon he (to be) among his people again.
Упражнение 268
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
We could not go out because it (to rain) hard since early morning. 2. She (to teach) at our school for twenty years now. 3. Ring me up as soon as you (to come) home. 4. He (to begin) to write his essay at three o’clock. It is already eleven, and he still (to write) it. He says he (to finish) it by twelve. 5. We (to help) our librarian to put the books in the right order for three days already, but we (to arrange) only half the books. 6. What you (to do) when I (to come) in? 7. When I (to come) to his house, they (to tell) me that he (to leave) an hour before. 8. On checking up his answers, he (to find) out that he (to make) several mistakes. 9. When I (to leave) home, the snow already (to stop), but a strong wind (to blow). 10. You (to read) this book? — Yes, I (to read) it. I (to think) it (to be) extremely boring. 11. What the children (to do) now? — Oh, they (to play) the new board game which I just (to buy) for them. 12. They (to reach) the corner of the street by now and (to stand) at the bus stop. 13. After we (to walk) about two hours, we arrived at a picturesque glade covered with fresh grass. 14. That (to be) what I (to complain) about. I doubt that he (to talk) to me.
Упражнение 269
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. At last the librarian (to give) me the book which I (to wait) for during two months. I was very glad. I (to go) home and (to begin) reading it at once.
Don’t speak to him: he (to be) very busy, he (to do) some very urgent work. 3.1 did not want him to go there: I (to be) afraid that something (to happen).
did not notice that my watch (to stop), and when I (to arrive) at the station, my train (to leave) and I (to have) to ask when the next train (to come).
He (to wait) for fifteen minutes when at last he (to see) her at the end of the platform. 6. By the end of the year he (to read) about two hundred pages. 7. We were happy when the sun (to rise), for the night (to be) very cold. 8. Where you (to put) my dictionary? I cannot find it anywhere. 9.1 (not yet to fall) asleep when the telephone (to ring). 10. What you (to do) from six till nine yesterday? 11. The children (to play) here at eleven o’clock, but now they (to go) home.
Go to see your old grandfather as soon as you (to arrive) in Novgorod. 13. You always (to spend) summer at the seaside? — Yes, as a rule. Last summer I (to go) to the mountains, but I (not to find) the rest there as pleasant as near the sea. 14. When they returned, they (to tell) us a lot of interesting things which they (to see) during their journey. 15. When I (to leave) home, it (to rain).
Упражнение 270
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. Our train starts late in the evening, so if you (to come) at seven o’clock, we still (to pack) our luggage. 2. When you (to see) him last? 3. I (to meet) him when he (to walk) across the park. 4. You ever (to act) on the stage? — Why, yes, that’s what I (to do) for the last six years. 5. Don’t enter the bedroom! The child (to sleep) there, and he always (to wake) up when someone (to open) the door. 6. Where is your luggage? — I (to leave) it at the station. I (to take) it tomorrow when Nick (to come) to help me. 7. I (to read) about an hour when he (to come). 8. The play (not yet to begin) and the people (to talk) in the hall.
One night a little swallow (to fly) over the city. His friends (to fly) away to Egypt six weeks before, but he (to stay) behind. 10. What you (to do) these three months? 11. Yesterday I (to buy) a new pair of gloves, as I (to lose) the old ones. 12. We (to walk) in silence. He already (to tell) me all that (to be) interesting about himself, and I (to have) nothing to tell him. 13. The moon (not to rise) yet, and only two stars, like two distant lighthouses, (to shine) in the dark blue sky.
Упражнение 271
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. What you (to read)? — I (to read) a magazine. — How long you (to read) it? — I (to read) it for half an hour. 2. She (to live) in Moscow for ten years when her sister (to come) to live with her.
Our teacher (to come). Now he (to speak) with our librarian. 4. They (to speak) when I (to look) at them. 5. What you (to do) here? — I (to prepare) my report. — How long you (to prepare) it? — Oh, I (to work) since morning. 6. He (to teach) at school for five years when the war (to break) out. 7. She (to study) English since last year. 8. You ever (to be) to London?— Yes, I (to be) there last summer.
What your friend (to do) now? — She (to have) dinner. She usually (to have) dinner at this time.
I (to buy) a new dress. I (to show) it to you tomorrow when you (to come) to my place. 11. So you begin working tomorrow! And who (to take) care of your children when you (to go) to work? 12. Hello, Peter! Where you (to go)? — I (to go) to the library.
I (to walk) about an hour when I (to see) a little house not far from the river. 14. When he (to read) the newspaper, he (to give) it to his brother. 15. He (to leave) for Rostov in 1990 and since then he (to live) there. 16. At this time tomorrow we (to discuss) your report. 17. Now she (to read) the book which I (to give) her yesterday. 18.1 always (to hate) such cruelty. 19. No, I (notjto see) that movie. 20. Speak only when others (to be) ready to listen to you.
Упражнение 272
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
set) a long time ago, and it (to begin) to get really cold. 6. When I (to come) home yesterday, my sister already (to return) and (to sit) at the fireplace looking through some old photographs. 7. He (to smoke) three cigarettes and (to look) through all the books on the shelf, when at last he (to hear) his friend’s steps approaching the door. 8. The first person whom Andrew (to see) as he (to enter) was his old nurse. She (to sit) on the sofa. During the last five years she greatly (to change) and now (to look) a very old woman. 9. She is going to read the letter she just (to receive). 10. He just (to approach) the door, when she (to enter). 11. He (to write) the essay for two hours already and he (to say) he soon (to finish) it as he (to think) over the conclusion now. 12. Where is the baby? — The nurse (to put) it to bed. 13. He said he (to work) for a long time without achieving good results. 14. Hardly121 (to go) out when I (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my umbrella. 15. It (to be) late. You (not to finish) yet?
Упражнение 273
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. The students (to write) the paper by dinner time. 2. They (to sail) down the river for three days before they (to come) to the village. 3. I (not to be) to my home town for five years. 4. The rain (to stop) by the time we (to reach) home. 5. The message (to arrive) five minutes after he (to leave) the house.
It (to be) nearly eleven o’clock when we (to begin) doing this work. 7. At last the reply from my grandmother (to come), and my mother (to tell) me that she (to come) soon. 8. Here you (to be) at last! I (to wait) for you for twenty minutes. You (not to be) ashamed?
Peter (to read) by the fireplace when the door (to open) and the maid (to enter). The cook (to follow) her. 10. When the mother (to satisfy) herself that the children (to sleep) peacefully in their beds, she (to take) out the Christmas presents and carefully (to put) them into the stockings which (to hang) at the beds. 11. If you (to ring) me up tomorrow, I (to tell) you all about it. 12. The lesson (not yet to begin), and the children (to talk) loudly in the corridor. 13. I (to live) in St Petersburg since 1991. 14. By the fifteenth of January the students (to pass) all the exams. 15.1 (to wait) for the teacher now. He (not to be) here yet.
You (to hear) the news?
Упражнение 274
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
late. We (to do) all our homework and (to drink) tea when he (to come). 11. When Mrs Smith (to come) home yesterday, she (to see) that her daughter (to cook) supper and (to wait) for her with the table laid. 12. Anyone (to see) my dog? 13. You (to go) to the sports centre today?
Упражнение 275
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
Не said he (to listen) to the same stories for a long time. 2. By the evening he (to translate) ten pages. 3. You ever (to be) to the new stadium? — Yes, I (to be) there last Saturday. 4. The old lady was happy: she (not to see) her son for three years.
What you (to do) yesterday? 6. How many pages you (to translate) for today? 7. The day (to be) cold and it (to rain). When I (to reach) home, my raincoat (to be) all wet. I (to take) it.off, (to shake) the water off it, (to hang) it up and (to go) into the living room. My children (to play) on the carpet. When they (to see) me, they (to jump) up and (to run) up to me. 8. I (to hear) this song several times already, but I cannot remember the words. I (to write) them down as soon as I (to hear) this song again. 9. Hardly13 he (to open) the suitcase, when he (to find) the tie which he (to think) he (to lose) long before.
Shut the door! The room (to be) full of smells which (to come) from the kitchen. Mother (not to like) kitchen smells in the room. 11. Last night he (to finish) the book which he (to begin) writing a year ago. 12.1 (to be) afraid he (to lose) this match.
Who (to make) all that noise? 14. Sharks (to be) on earth more than 350 million years.
Упражнение 276
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени,
1. When the train (to stop), I (to look) out of the window but (not to see) any of my friends there. I (to send) them a telegram and hoped that they (to meet) me. As I (to discover) later, they (to receive) it ten minutes before the train arrived and could not meet me. 2. We were greatly surprised not to find Ann at home. It turned out that her sister (to forget) to give her our message, and Ann (to leave) the house fifteen minutes before we (to come). 3. I decided not to put on my raincoat as it (to stop) raining already and the sun (to shine) brightly. 4. The young people entered the theatre. The performance already (to begin), and they (to have) to wait till the first act (to be) over. Nina never (to be) here before and she (to like) the theatre very much. 5. I did not recognize Helen as I (not to see) her for a very long time and she greatly (to change). 6. When the teacher told the boy to recite the poem, the boy (to burst) into tears: he (not to remember) anything, though he (to try) to learn his lesson so well. 7. Jane usually works in the library. She (to work) there now. She already (to gather) the necessary material and now she (to write) her report. 8. When we (to come) to the station, our train already (to leave), and we (to have) to wait for two hours before another one (to come).
I was anxious to see the place where I (to spend) my childhood. 10. Victor asked me to explain the new rule to him, as he (to miss) the previous lesson.
John Gray (to visit) Russia in 1989 and (not to be) here since that time. 12. The sight of the school building brought back the old days to us. Here we (to spend) many years together. We (to learn) to read and write; here we (to experience) our first joys and sorrows. We recollected our first day at school, how we (to come) to our first lesson looking alarmed and excited.
Упражнение 277
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
Ann: Hello, Kate. I am so glad you (to come) at last. Where you (to spend) the morning?
Kate: I (to be) in the bookstore choosing new books in English.
Ann: It (to rain) still? It (to be) rather dark in the room.
Kate: No, the rain (to stop), but the wind (to blow). On my way to your place I (to meet) Mary. You (to know) her?
Ann: Of course I.... I (to know) her since childhood. When we (to be) children, we often (to play) together. Where you (to meet) her? I (not to see) her for a long time. What she (to look) like?
Kate: She (not to change) a bit. She (to go) to the library when I (to meet) her.
Ann: What she (to tell) you?
Kate: She (to tell) me she recently (to return) from a very interesting trip and that she (to travel) a lot and (to visit) the most popular places. She (to want) to see all her friends soon.
Ann: Oh, then she (to come) to see me, too, I (to think).
Kate: Yes, that (to be) a pleasant meeting, I (to be) sure. But what (to be) the time? My watch (to stop) and I (not to know) the exact time.
Ann: It (to be) ten minutes to three.
Kate: Oh, then let’s begin working at once. At four o’clock I must go. My mother (to wait) for me at the metro station at a quarter past four.
Упражнение 278
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
1. Он был счастлив: он написал отличное сочинение. 2. Мы ищем тебя весь вечер. 3. Я вдруг вспомнил, что ничего не ел с утра. 4. К счастью, дождь уже перестал, когда мы вышли. 5. Сколько лет вы работаете в этой школе? 6. В одиннадцать часов мы еще работали. 7. В одиннадцать часов мы уже работали три часа. 8. Я уже три раза говорил тебе, что надо переписать упражнение. 9. Я уже целый час читал после обеда, когда пришел папа.
Я не приду. Я буду писать сочинение весь вечер. 11. Где ты был с прошлой пятницы? 12. Я уже две недели живу у друзей. 13. Я уже две недели жил у друзей, когда получил письмо. 14. Сколько дней вы уже читаете эту книгу? 15. Только когда она была в поезде, она вспомнила, что оставила книгу дома. 16. Они живут в этом доме уже пять лет. 17. Моя сестра была больна уже несколько дней, когда я узнала об этом. 18. Ты знал, что он не написал сочинение? 19. Мы не получаем от нее никаких вестей уже несколько месяцев. 20. Сколько лет вы уже работаете на этой фабрике? 21. Он уже ушел, когда Лена включила радио. 22. Я работаю над этой проблемой уже три месяца. 23. Вы должны отдохнуть. Вы слишком много работали сегодня. 24. Подумай о том, что я тебе сказал.
Упражнение 279
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
газету. Я всегда приношу ему газеты, когда он приходит с работы. 2. Было уже темно, когда мы подошли к дому; дул сильный ветер, и становилось все холоднее и холоднее. 3. Что вы будете делать завтра в восемь часов вечера? — Завтра к восьми часам я уже закончу все свои уроки и в восемь часов буду играть на рояле. 4. Они читали Диккенса по-английски и знают многие его произведения. 5. Наступила зима, и теперь мы опять будем часто ходить на каток. 6. Когда Том вышел из дома, все ребята играли в футбол, а Билл и Джон считали круглые камешки, которые они принесли с реки. 7. Она была удивлена: она еще никогда не видела столько цветов. 8. Когда я проснулся, мама уже встала и готовила чай. 9. Я уже полчаса стараюсь вспомнить ее имя, но до сих пор еще не вспомнил. 10. Когда он пришел домой, мы уже ушли в кино. 11. Она сказала, что идет дождь и нам лучше остаться дома. 12. Она жила в этом доме уже пять лет, когда приехал ее брат. 13. Она думала, что будет хорошая погода. 14. Разве ты не понимаешь, что весной будет уже три года, как я ношу эту шляпку? 15. Неужели они играют в шахматы с самого утра? 16. Они шли по дороге уже два или три часа, когда вдруг пошел дождь. 17. Я знаю, что она работает над этой статьей уже три недели. 18. Когда я повторила свой вопрос, он сказал, что не слышал меня в первый раз, но я ясно видела, что он хорошо слышал меня оба раза. 19. Ну, уложила ты свои вещи, наконец? Такси уже десять минут ожидает у дверей. 20. Мы сидим здесь уже два часа, а я все еще не рассказал тебе о своей поездке. 21. Где Юля? — Она в библиотеке, она готовится к докладу. Она уже работает три часа. 22. Он думал, что его друзья работают вместе. 23. Я сегодня не завтракал.
PASSIVE VOICE
Passive Vice = to be + III форма глагола |
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Спряжение глагола to take (брать, отводить) во временах группы Simple в Passive Voice |
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Present Simple Passive |
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1 am taken he is taken she is taken it is taken |
1 am not taken he is not taken she is not taken it is not taken |
Am 1 taken? Is he taken? Is she taken? Is it taken? |
we are taken you are taken they are taken |
we are not taken you are not taken they are not taken |
Are we taken? Are you taken? Are they taken? |
Past Simple Passive |
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1 was taken he was taken she was taken it was taken |
1 was not taken he was not taken she was not taken it was not taken |
Was 1 taken? Was he taken? Was she taken? Was it taken? |
we were taken you were taken they were taken |
we were not taken you were not taken they were not taken |
Were we taken? Were you taken? Were they taken? |
Future Simple Passive |
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1 shall be taken he will be taken she will be taken it will be taken we shall be taken you will be taken they will be taken |
1 shall not be taken he will not be taken she will not be taken it will not be taken we shall not be taken you will not be taken they will not be taken |
Shall 1 be taken? Will he be taken? Will she be taken? Will it betaken? Shall we be taken? Will you be taken? Will they be taken? |
Сравните:
I take (я отвожу) — I am taken (меня отводят)
I took (я отвел) — I was taken (меня отвели)
I shall take (я отведу) — I shall be taken (меня отведут)
Упражнение 280
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Active или Past Simple Passive.
Я рассказал. — Мне рассказали.
Я показал. — Мне показали.
Она привела. — Ее привели.
Мы спросили. — Нас спросили.
Мы ответили. — Нам ответили.
Мы послали. — Нас послали.
Она запретила. — Ей запретили.
Они дали. — Им дали.
Он помог. — Ему помогли.
Он посоветовал. — Ему посоветовали.
Он забыл. — Его забыли.
.Он вспомнил. — Его вспомнили.
Мы пригласили. — Нас пригласили.
Мы поправили. — Нас поправили.
Он вылечил. — Его вылечили.
Он позвал. — Его позвали.
Она предложила. — Ей предложили.
Я позвонила. — Мне позвонили.
Упражнение 281
Переведите на английский, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
Мне рассказали. — Мне рассказывают. — Мне расскажут.
Мне показали. — Мне показывают. — Мне покажут.
Ее привели. — Ее приводят. — Ее приведут.
Нас спросили. — Нас спрашивают. — Нас спросят.
Нам ответили. — Нам отвечают. — Нам ответят.
Нас послали. — Нас посылают. — Нас пошлют.
Им дали. — Им дают. — Им дадут.
Ему помогли. — Ему помогают. — Ему помогут.
Ему посоветовали. — Ему советуют. — Ему посоветуют.
Его забыли. — Его забывают. — Его забудут.
Его вспомнили. — Его вспоминают. — Его вспомнят.
Нас пригласили. — Нас приглашают. — Нас пригласят.
Нас поправили. — Нас поправляют. — Нас поправят.
Его позвали. — Его зовут. — Его позовут.
Упражнение 282
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
1. Bread (to eat) every day. 2. The letter (to receive) yesterday. 3.Nick (to send) to Moscow next week. 4. I (to ask) at the lesson yesterday. 5. I (to give) a very interesting book at the library last Friday. 6. Not many houses (to build) in our town every year. 7. This work (to do) tomorrow. 8. This text (to translate) at the last lesson. 9. These trees (to plant) last autumn. 10. A lot of interesting games always (to play) at our PT lessons. 11. This bone (to give) to my dog tomorrow. 12. We (to invite) to aconcert last Saturday. 13. Lost time never (to find) again.
Rome (not to build) in a day. 15. My question (to answer) two days ago. 16. Hockey (to play) in winder.
Mushrooms (to gather) in autumn. 18. Thousands of houses (to destroy) during the Great Fire of London.
His new book (to finish) next year. 20. Flowers (to sell) in shops and in the streets. 21. St Petersburg (to found) in 1703.
Упражнение 283
Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующуюся форму глагола.
Упражнение 284
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present Simple Active или Present Simple Passive.
1. Я всегда хвалю моих друзей. 2. Меня всегда хвалят дома. 3. Каждую субботу папа показывает дедушке мои оценки. 4. Каждую субботу папе показывают мои оценки. 5. Мы часто вспоминаем вас.
Нас часто вспоминают в деревне. 7. Мне дают сок каждое утро. 8. Каждое утро я даю кошке молоко. 9. Он каждый день рассказывает нам что-нибудь интересное. 10. Ему каждый день рассказывают что-нибудь интересное. 11. Я часто посылаю друзьям письма по электронной почте. 12. Меня часто посылают в командировку за границу. 13. Меня часто приглашают в кино. 14. Моей сестре часто помогают в школе. 15. Я иногда забываю взять проездную карточку. 16. Я не пишу много писем.
Книги А. Кристи читают с большим интересом.
Собаки любят кости. 19. Собак любят во многих семьях. 20. Когда в вашей семье пьют чай? 21. Где хранят старые письма? 22. Почему эти правила всегда забывают? 23. Почему вы всегда забываете эти правила? 24. Где живут ваши друзья? 25. Где покупают хлеб? 26. Когда задают вопросы?
Упражнение 285
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple Active или Past Simple Passive.
я попросил учителя помочь мне. 8. Вчера меня попросили помочь однокласснику. 9. Прошлым летом я научил сестру плавать. 10. Прошлым летом меня научили плавать. 11. Вчера нам задавали много вопросов на уроке. 12. Я ответил на все вопросы. 13. Учитель поставил мне хорошую оценку. 14. Дома меня похвалили. 15. Эти письма принесли утром. 16. Мой велосипед купили в прошлом году. 17. Эти орехи съели вчера. 18. Где вы купили эту книгу? 19. Где купили эту книгу?
Когда сварили обед? 21. Когда разбили чашку? 22. Когда ты разбил чашку? 23. Что ему обещали? 24. Когда починили машину? 25. Когда исправили ошибку? 26. Где вы родились? 27. Где вы учились английскому языку? Кто обучал вас?
Упражнение 286
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Future Simple Active или Future Simple Passive.
Сравните:
The doctor was sent. — Доктора послали.
The doctor was sent for. — За доктором послали.
Запомните этот шуточный мини-рассказ:
Не was talked about.
Не was sent for.
He was waited for.
He was looked at.
He was listened to.
He was laughed at.
Запомните эти предложения:
The house wasn’t lived In.
The bed wasn’t slept in.
Упражнение 287
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice, обращая внимание на место предлога.
• E.g. We speak very highly of her. — She is very highly spoken of.
Упражнение 288
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Present, Past или Future Simple Passive.
1. Ее часто посылают на почту. 2. В прошлом году ее послали в Кембридж. 3. Его пошлют в Гарвард. 4. За ней всегда посылают. 5. За ней послали вчера. 6. За мной пошлют завтра. 7. Их всегда приглашают на день рождения Ани. 8. Летом Колю отвезут на дачу. 9. Об этом неинтересном фильме много не говорили. 10. В музее нам показали много прекрасных картин. 11. Эту книгу очень часто спрашивают. 12. Мою идею не поняли.
Упражнение 289
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
• E.g. Mother waters the houseplants in the evening. — The houseplants are watered in the evening (by Mother).
1. Irene’s husband brought her some beautiful shells from the south. 2. The explorers gave the newspaper reporters a long interview. 3. Mr Wilson will teach you English. 4. The doctor ordered me a month’s rest from studying. 5. Tom gave Nick a book for his birthday. 6. Our mother tells us stories every evening. 7. Lydia will show you a new book of pictures. 8. A boy showed her the way. 9. They will send us a box of fruit. 10. Five or six small children followed them. 11. In summer the boys often drive the horses to the fields. 12. Ivan Susanin led the Poles into the thickest part of the forest. 13. The waves carried the little boat out to sea. 14. We shall do the translation in the evening. 15. They water the houseplants regularly. 16. You promised me these books long ago.
Bessie’s father gave her a complete set of Walter Scott’s works. 18. The two hikers dropped their heavy backpacks. 19. The boys will paint the roof of the house. 20. Tom Sawyer whitewashed the fence.
Her daughters gave her three beautiful dishes as a birthday present.
Упражнение 290
Поставьте выделенные глаголы в Passive Voice, внеся необходимые изменения в предложения.
1. She took a long time to write the composition, but at last she wrote it. 2. Don’t put the cup there: somebody will break it. 3. Why weren’t you at the birthday party? — They didn’t invite me. 4. We had some difficulties, but all the same we finished the work on time. 5. We shall leave you behind if you are not quick. 6.1 spent all my money on books last month.
don’t think we shall do all this work today: there is too much of it. 8. It’s a very funny thing that when I start doing this, somebody always stops me.
Don’t leave these sweets on the table: somebody will eat them. 10. She really broke her mother’s heart when she left home. 11. The bees attacked the bear when it tried to take their honey.
Запомните:
Это нужно сделать. — It must be done. Это можно сделать. — It can be done.
Упражнение 291
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
pay your debts the day after tomorrow. 5. You must do three of these exercises tomorrow. 6. You can find the book you need in any library. 7. We must send these letters at once. 8. I can easily forgive this mistake. 9. You can find such berries everywhere.
You must do this work very carefully. 11. The doctor says they must take her to hospital. 12. You can do the work in three days. 13. The students must return all the library books before each summer vacation.
Monkeys can climb even the tallest trees. 15. You mustn’t spend all your money at once. 16. We can’t take his advice.
Упражнение 292
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя Passive Infinitive после модальных глаголов.
1. Руки надо мыть перед каждой едой. 2. Комнаты нужно регулярно проветривать. 3. Кошку надо кормить рыбой. 4. Собаку можно кормить мясом и овощами. 5. Ребенку надо давать фрукты. 6. Книги надо положить в шкаф. 7. Эту красивую картину можно повесить над камином. 8. Как можно перевести это слово? 9. Куда можно поставить чемоданы? 10. Можно кошку оставить во дворе? 11. На что нужно обратить внимание? 12. Нужно записать твой номер телефона. 13. Нужно измерить ваше кровяное давление. 14. Его надо пригласить на мой день рождения. 15. Ей можно предложить новую работу.
Упражнение 293
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
so beautiful that it (to learn) by everybody. 3.1 hope the invitation (to accept) by everybody. 4. The letter (to post) in half an hour. 5. It seems to me that music (to hear) from the next room. 6. At the last competition the first prize (to win) by our team.
The question (to settle) as soon as they arrived.
Your report must (to divide) into two chapters.
Soon he (to send) to a conference. 10. The book (to discuss) at the next conference. 11. The essay must (to hand) in on Wednesday. 12. Yesterday he (to tell) to prepare a speech. 13. The article (to publish) last week, if I am not mistaken. 14. The lecture (to attend) by all of us yesterday. 15. A taxi (to call) fifteen minutes ago, so we are expecting it any moment. 16. The young man (to introduce) to me only a couple of hours ago, but it seems to me that I’ve known him for years. 17. The mobile phone must (not to use) at the lesson.
Упражнение 294
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Active Voice или Passive Voice.
Таблица всех времен в Passive Voice |
||||
|
Present |
Past |
Future |
Future-in- the-Past |
Simple (Indefinite) |
Letters are writen every day. |
The letter was written yesterday. |
The letter will be written tomorrow. |
(He said that) the letter would be written the next day. |
Continuous (Progressive) |
The letter is being written now. |
The letter was being written at 5 o'clock yesterday. |
|
|
Perfect |
The letter has already been written. |
The letter had been written by 5 o’clock yesterday. |
The letter will have been written by 5 o’clock tomorrow. |
(He said that) the letter would have been written by 5 o’clock the next day. |
Perfect Cotinuous (Perfect Progressive) |
|
|
|
|
Упражнение 295
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
I bought potatoes yesterday. 2. We shall bring the books tomorrow. 3. They are repairing the clock now. 4. They sell milk in this shop. 5. I have translated the whole text. 6. He stole a lot of money from the shop. 7. By six o’clock they had finished the work. 8. At twelve o’clock the workers were loading the trucks. 9. By three o’clock the workers had loaded the trucks. 10. He is teaching computer science to our children now. 11. They will show this film on TV. 12. They are building a new concert hall in our street. 13. They broke the window last week.
When I came home, they had eaten the sweets.
We shall do the work in the evening. 16. He wrote this book in the 19th century. 17. They were playing tennis from four till five. 18. They have carried out a number of important experiments in this laboratory. 19. Livingstone explored Central Africa in the 19th century. 20. By the middle of autumn we had planted all the trees. 21. They will stage this play at the beginning of next season. 22. They have forgotten the story. 23. Has anybody explained the rules of the game to you? 24. They haven’t brought back my skates. 25. Teachers usually make corrections in red ink.
Упражнение 296
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
She showed him the way to the metro station.
He will introduce me to his friends. 3. They are building a bridge over the river. 4. I haven’t yet translated the article. 5. We were looking at the man with great surprise. 6. You will talk about the films at the lesson. 7. The headmistress sent for the pupil’s parents. 8. Has the secretary typed the letters yet? — No, she is typing them now. 9. We asked him about his holidays. 10. They have already discussed the novel. 11. He did not give me his address.
I have just paid all my bills.
Упражнение 297
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
They teach three foreign languages at this school.
We received this letter after his departure. 3. Have dogs ever attacked you? 4. Bees gather honey from flowers. 5. The storm drove the ship against a rock.
Who discovered the circulation of blood? 7. They are selling delicious fruit ice cream there now. 8. The old man showed us the way out of the wood. 9. They offered her some interesting work. 10. The doctor prescribed her new medicine. 11. They don’t think much of him. 12. Everybody laughed at this funny animal.
We have been looking for you the whole morning. 14. We shall insist on strict discipline. 15. He has just written this computer program.
Упражнение 298
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
1. The children have scattered about a lot of things.
Our father has put all the books in the bookcase.
Snow will cover the fields in winter. 4. They will hand in the homework tomorrow. 5.1 don’t think we shall finish all the preparations today. 6. She always invites me to her dinner parties. 7. She showed me the dress which her daughter had made. 8. They did not invite her to the party. 9.1 did not leave the window open. 10. They did not turn off the light. 11.1 have invited some friends to tea. 12. She has given me an English book. 13. Have you written the letter yet?
They have told us a lot of interesting things.
The students have written the paper without mistakes. 16. We discussed the matter some days ago.
Someone wants you on the phone. 18. She found my book on the windowsill. 19. They have built excellent shelters for tourists in these mountains. 20. Have you given out the exercises to all the students? 21. The boy was angry because his mother did not allow him to go to the stadium. 22. Why have you put my books on this table? 23. He has paid his taxes. 24. She is still using this old computer.
Упражнение 299
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
1. One of my friends took me to the cinema last week. 2. We shall finish this work on time. 3. They built this house in 2001. 4. They were selling new children’s books in that shop when I entered it yesterday. 5. A large group of young people joined us on our way to the station. 6. A young teacher started a school in this village. 7. They are translating this article now. 8. Galsworthy wrote “The Forsyte Saga.”
Thousands of people attended this meeting. 10. He has just interrupted me. 11. The teacher has explained it to us. 12. We turn on the light when it is dark. 13. The students finished their translation some time ago. 14. Helen washed the dishes. 15. Betty often took her younger brother for a walk. 16. Mother has made some coffee. 17. Have you ironed your dress yet?
Nina mispronounced this word. 19. They have told her the truth. 20. She promised us an interesting entertainment. 21. One uses chalk for writing on the blackboard. 22. I shall finish my work about seven o’clock. 23. Somebody has opened the door. 24. The waitress brought in the coffee. 25. He has lost his credit card.
Упражнение 300
Передайте следующие предложения в Passive Voice.
They looked for the girl everywhere. 2. They did not listen to the boy. 3. She looks after the patients well. 4. They asked for our address. 5. My father looked through these papers this morning. 6. He will give my brother English lessons. 7. Afriend of his has shown me an interesting magazine. 8. His friend told him everything. 9. The students greeted the famous lecturer warmly. 10. They have recently built a huge plant in the town of N. 11. We must finish the work by tomorrow. 12. When I fell ill, my mother sent for the doctor. 13. They showed Helen the nearest way to the theatre. 14. He gave his patient some good advice.
Mary has told me the news. 16. The people looked at the little boy with interest. 17. They examined the paper attentively. 18. Mother is teaching her daughter to cook now.
Упражнение 301
Передайте следующие предложения в Active Voice. Введите любые подходящие подлежащие.
at the station. 11. The girl was not allowed to go to the concert. 12. She said that the hew timetable had not yet been hung up cm the notice board. 13. The roast chicken was eaten with pleasure. 14. It was so dark, that the houses could not be seen. 15. The light has not yet been turned off. 16. The boy was punished for misbehaving. 17. By three o’clock everything had been prepared. 18. The dictation was written without mistakes. 19. Whom was the poem written by? 20. Her dress was washed and ironed. 21.1 was not blamed for the mistakes. 22. The papers had been looked through and corrected by the next lesson. 23. This house was built last year. 24. The letter has just been sent. 25. This article will be translated at the lesson on Tuesday. 26. When will this book be returned to the library? 27. She was ordered to have complete rest after her heart attack.
Упражнение 302
Передайте следующие предложения в Active Voice. Введите любые подходящие подлежащие.
been handed in? 16. What has been said is true. 17. After the facts had thoroughly been explained to her, she no longer felt worried. 18. He was fined for crossing the street in the wrong place.
The Greeks were attacked by the Persians from the sea. 20. This mountain has never been climbed before. 21. She told me that those newspapers had carefully been put away where they would not be lost. 22. Why have these cups been put here in this cupboard? 23. Nick was told to go home at once.
Упражнение 303
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
1. I am sure I (to ask) at the lesson tomorrow.
They told me that the new student highly (to speak) of. 3. The hostess said that one more guest (to expect).
The newspaper said that an interesting exhibition (to open) at the Hermitage the next week. 5. This new dictionary (to sell) everywhere now. 6. All the texts (to look) through yesterday and not a single mistake (to find). 7. Two reports on Hemingway’s stories (to make) in our group last month. Both of them were very informative. 8. He said that Grandmother’s letter (to receive) the day before. 9. Two new engineers just (to introduce) to the head of the department.
Don’t worry, everything will be all right: the children (to take) to the theatre by the teacher and they (to bring) back to school in the evening.
Упражнение 304
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
зад. 3. Вас экзаменовали утром? 4. Эта мышь была поймана ночью. 5. На этой фабрике делают очень красивые сумки. 6. Письма туда можно посылать только летом, а телеграммы — круглый год. 7. Мою подругу каждый год посылают за границу. 8. Ее отправили в больницу два дня назад. 9. Вчера нас послали в лабораторию. 10. Это сочинение о поэзии было написано на прошлой неделе. 11. Деньги послали поздно вечером, и он получит их только утром. 12. Эту статью должна прочитать вся группа. 13. Это упражнение можно написать карандашом. 14. Все ваши сочинения будут возвращены на будущей неделе. 15. Это письмо можно написать на одном листе.
Упражнение 305
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
Упражнение 306
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
1. За этим доктором часто посылают. 2. На вокзале его всегда встречают друзья. 3. Вам в школе дают книги для чтения? 4. Пленников привели в большой зал. 5. Какие упражнения делали в классе? 6. Кто написал этот роман? 7. В будущем году не построят много школ. 8. Над ним все смеются.
Эта работа будет закончена на будущей неделе?
Когда были посажены эти яблони? 11. В институте его часто вспоминали и очень хорошо отзывались о нем. 12. Нас встретят на станции? 13. Ответ будет отправлен через несколько дней. 14. Когда тебя спрашивали? 15. Этот перевод будет закончен через несколько дней. 16. Эту книгу вернут вовремя? 17. На вокзале его встретит папа. 18. Эта картина была написана в XVI веке. 19. Эти книги используются для работы? 20. В Италии нам покажут много достопримечательностей. 21. За этим мужчиной шла огромная толпа. 22. Когда читали новый рассказ, кто-то постучал в дверь. 23. Вас уже пригласили на вечер? 24. Когда мама пришла, обед был уже сварен.
Упражнение 307
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
все студенты нашей группы. 7. Нам показали много красивых картин. 8. Стихотворение было выучено наизусть. 9. Их будут обучать английскому языку.
Когда яблоко было съедено, девочка взяла куклу и пошла в комнату. 11. Когда будет написана ваша книга? 12. Все эти книги взяты из библиотеки. 13. Диктант был сдан преподавателю после звонка. 14. Я думала, что хлеб и масло купит моя сестра. 15. Весной это поле будет покрыто зеленой травой и цветами. 16. Уроки были приготовлены, книги и тетради уложены в сумку. 17. Работа была выполнена очень хорошо. 18. Статья должна быть переведена к пяти часам. 19. Перевод будет закончен вовремя. 20. Когда я пришла домой, суп был уже сварен. 21. Статья была переведена без ошибок. 22. Книгу положили в шкаф.
Упражнение 308
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
монтируют. 18. Колю как раз спрашивают. 19. Книги уже принесли из библиотеки? 20. Этот кинотеатр был построен до того, как мы приехали сюда. 21. Стихи Роберта Бернса знают во многих странах. 22. Когда Чарльз Диккенс был маленьким мальчиком, его отца посадили в долговую тюрьму. 23. Эта опера была написана сто лет назад. 24. Этот роман уже переведен на пять языков. 25. Обед готовили, когда я пришел домой.
Упражнение 309
Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в Passive Voice.
1. Меня представили ее отцу вчера. 2. Когда я вернусь домой, все мои чемоданы будут уже уложены. 3. На какой учебник вы ссылаетесь в вашем докладе? 4. Разве это отличное сочинение было написано до того, как вы делали доклад? 5. Ее слушали невнимательно, и все, что она сказала, было вскоре забыто. 6. Об этом эпизоде много говорят в ее семье? 7. Ему еще не предложили работу.
Послали за лекарством? — Да, его ищут. 9. Его воспитала сестра. 10. Не беспокойся, ему помогут в работе. 11. В нашем районе строятся три новые школы. 12. Этот мост еще строится. Он строился, когда я его увидел в первый раз. 13. Когда я начал им помогать, они переводили статью уже два часа, но она еще не была переведена. 14. Когда я приду домой, обед будут готовить. 15. Этот рассказ обсудили на уроке литературы. 16. Не говори, пока с тобой не заговорят. 17. Произведения Агаты Кристи были переведены на более чем 100 языков.
СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН. КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ
Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени |
|
Present Simple — Past Simple Present Continuous — Past Continuous |
Действие придаточного предложения происходит одновременно с действием главного. |
Present Perfect n ж Past _ , Perfect Past Simple |
Действие придаточного предложения предшествует действию главного. |
Future — Future-in-the-Past |
Действие придаточного предложения совершается позже действия главного. |
Употребляя простые предложения в роли придаточных дополнительных при главном предложении в прошедшем времени, сдвигайте времена, как указано в таблице: |
|
Sequence of Tenses |
|
Не lives in New York. 1 thought that he lived in New York. Mother is sleeping. 1 knew that mother was sleeping. |
Одновременное действие Одновременное действие |
He has returned from London. 1 was told that he had returned from London. He bought a new car. 1 heard that he had bought a new car. |
Предшествующее действие Предшествующее действие |
He will send us a letter. 1 supposed that he would send us a letter. |
Последующее действие |
Упражнение 310
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление времен в русском и английском языках.
When he learnt that his son had received an excellent mark at school, he was very pleased.
Упражнение 311
Перепишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени. Обратите внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложения от времени главного.
1. My uncle says he has just come back from the Caucasus. 2. He says he has spent a fortnight in the Caucasus. 3. He says it did him a lot of good. 4. He says he feels better now. 5. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach. 6. He says they did a lot of sightseeing. 7. He says he has a good camera. 8. He says he took a lot of colour photographs while travelling in the Caucasus. 9. He says he will come to see us next Sunday. 10. He says he will bring and show us the photographs he took during his stay in the Caucasus.
Упражнение 312
Перепишите следующие предложения в прошедшем времени. Обратите внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложения от времени главного.
States of America. 7. Не says they have not been in their beloved city for along time. 8. He says they were friends at school. 9. He says he will take them to the theatre on Sunday. 10. They say they will write him a letter when they return home.
Упражнение 313
Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.
1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was playing) the piano in the sitting room. 2. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off.
I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter.
I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will not change, would not change) for the worse. 5. I knew that he (is, was) a very clever man. 6. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 7. I asked my sister to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum.
He said he (is staying, was staying) at the Ritz Hotel. 9. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 10. He asked me where I (study, studied). 11. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my work at that time. 12. He says he (works, worked) at school two years ago. 13. Victor said he (is, was) very busy.
Упражнение 314
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требующемся времени.
know) the laws of the country. 5. Sarie understood why Lanny (not to come) the previous evening. 6. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion. 7. He understood that the soldiers (to arrest) him. 8. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well.
I suppose they (to send) a dog after the burglar immediately. 10. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning. 11. She says she already (to find) the book.
He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five.
She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong. 14. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before. 15. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early. 16. The delegates were told that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes.
Упражнение 315
Употребите следующие предложения как придаточные дополнительные, в роли главных используя предложения, данные в скобках. Сдвигайте времена в соответствии с правилом согласования времен.
us. (My aunt wrote in her letter) 17. He is painting a new picture. (We heard) 18. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure)
Упражнение 316
Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен.
1. Я знала, что Аня работает на заводе, что у нее есть муж и двое детей, что семья у нее очень дружная и она счастлива. 2. Он сказал мне вчера, что раньше он учился в университете. 3. Мы решили на прошлой неделе, что будущим летом мы все поедем в Крым. 4. Сестра сказала, что хочет приехать к нам сама. 5. Я знала, что она очень занята. 6. Никто не знал, что вы ждете здесь. Пойдемте в дом. 7. Гид предупредил нас, что в той части города движение довольно сильное.
Секретарь не заметил, что директор с кем-то разговаривает. 9. Все мы знали, что их семья опять в Санкт-Петербурге. 10. Лена сказала, что она дарит нам ту картину. 11. Она сказала, что ее коллеги всегда дают ей прекрасные советы. 12. Он сказал, что любит ту пьесу. 13. В прошлом году они думали, что никогда не будут хорошо читать по-английски, но вчера они увидели, что читают тексты довольно хорошо. 14. Он сказал мне вчера, что его отец — профессор и живет в Москве.
Упражнение 317
Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен.
ты навестишь меня. 5. Мы не думали, что он так рассердится. 6. Мы вчера узнали, что она больна.
Он думал, что она не придет в школу. 8. Я знал, что моя сестра изучает французский язык, и думал, что она поедет в Париж. 9. Мне сказали, что ты мне звонил. 10. Ядумал, что ты в Москве. 11. Я не знал, что ты уже вернулся в Санкт-Петербург. 12. Мы надеялись, что поедем в Лондон. 13. Учитель сказал, что наши друзья из Лондона прислали письмо.
Она сказала, что ее подруга пригласила ее в театр. 15. Мы боялись, что не купим билет в театр.
Мы увидели, что дети играют в песке. 17. Она сказала, что больше не будет купаться, потому что вода холодная. 18. Моя двоюродная сестра сказала, что любит оперу и будет рада пойти с нами в театр, хотя уже дважды слушала «Травиату».
Упражнение 318
Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая правило согласования времен.
1. Все были уверены, что Борис хорошо сдаст экзамены. 2. Он говорил, что Лев Толстой — его любимый писатель. 3. Я знал, что вы живете в Москве, но не знал вашего адреса. 4. Он сказал, что бросит курить. 5. Все знали, что она поедет в Рим. 6. Простите, мы не думали, что вы ждете нас. 7. Я не знал, что вы тоже любите футбол.
Я был уверен, что он будет выдающимся артистом. 9. Я боялся, что вы не последуете моему совету. 10. Я не знал, что ты будешь работать в читальном зале. 11. Я думал, что он подождет меня. 12. Он боялся, что ему будет трудно сделать доклад. 13. Андрей сказал нам, что, когда он вошел в комнату, его друг уже сидел на диване. Он читал газету. 14. Мы надеялись, что она скоро придет.
Он сказал, что не знает, когда начнется конференция. 16. Я был уверен, что, если мы поспешим, мы не опоздаем на поезд. 17. Он спросил меня, что я буду делать вечером. Я ответил, что не знаю, буду ли я свободен вечером, но сказал, что, если буду свободен, то позвоню ему часов в восемь.
Косвенная речь При переводе предложений в косвенную речь не забывайте заменять обстоятельства времени, как указано в таблице. |
|
Direct speech |
Indirect speech |
today |
that day |
yesterday |
the day before |
tomorrow |
the next day |
... ago |
... before |
this... |
that ... |
these... |
those... |
here |
there |
last year |
the year before |
last month |
the month before |
last... |
the... before |
next... |
the following... |
