3. Language Focus.

a) Error Recognition.

Each sentence below contains at least one error. Find the errors and correct the sentences.

1. He was only fifteen years old, when he became a Muslim.

2. Because, eventually Az-Zubair ran away.

3. He was a soldier on all the great battles.

4. At his chest I saw deep scars caused for knife and arrow wounds.

5. If a stranger saw them, he will not know who was the boss.

b) Grammar in Review.

Look at the sentences below. Write the number of each sentence in the chart under the correct heading, according to the part of speech it contains.

1. His father died when he was very young.

2. If I lift a stone, I will definitely find gold and silver under it.

3. As a result, he received many battle wounds.

4. The Prophet (SAAS) appeared a few minutes later, alive and in good health.

5. He became a Muslim at the age of fifteen.

CAUSE/EFFECT EXPRESSION	ADVERB CLAUSE	PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE (time)	PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE (place)	PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE (manner)	CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Put the following sentences in the correct order.

1. wanted to / help his / him. / invited Ali / so he / The Prophet (SAAS) / uncle, / to live with

2. to / it away / the needy. / had money, / If he / he gave

3. He was / good manners. / up on / bravery and / brought / principles of

4. them, I / If you / of/ that you / will divorce / like one / her so / her! / can marry

3. Sentence Construction.

Look through the texts in Units 11-15 and find a sentence fitting each of the descriptions below.

1. a sentence showing a cause.

2. a sentence showing an effect.

3. a sentence with an adverb clause at the beginning.

4. a sentence with an adverb clause at the end.

5. a sentence using prepositional phrase of manner.

6. a conditional sentence using would.

3. Grammar Cloze Task.

Fill the gaps in the passage below.

(1)……….. Az-Zubair was very courageous, he was called the “Lion of the Quraish”. He was the first to draw his sword in the defence of Islam (2)………… he heard that the Prophet (SAAS) had been killed by the unbelievers. This made him go (3) ……….. the town centre in Makkah and call for the killers of the Prophet (SAAS). However, (4) ……….. a few minutes, Muhammad (SAAS) himself appeared, alive and well. It was clear that (5)……….. anyone did harm to the Prophet (SAAS), Az-Zubair (6) ………. certainly kill them. (7) ………. volunteers were needed to fight the Bani Quraiza, Az-Zubair was the first to volunteer, and when the Muslim army was retreating at the Battle of Al-Yarmouk, he charged (8) ………. the Byzantine army (9)……….. his own. (10) ……….. of his courage and enthusiasm, the Muslims charged the Byzantines again and eventually won the battle.

V. Critical Thinking.

In units 11-15 you have read stories about men of great physical courage and been given examples of their bravery during the early days of Islam. Courage, however, can be more than just a physical thing. It can also be intellectual or spiritual.

1. In groups, think of a story, true or fictional, which shows courage of a non-physical type. When you have completed your story, one member of your group will deliver the story to the rest of the class. Another member of your group will explain in what way or ways the main character of the story showed courage.

2. When each group has delivered the stories, try as a class to devise a definition of courage which covers all the types of courage described in your stories. Make a list of the different types of courage the group stories have shown.

3. Look back over Units 11-15 and try to find examples of each type of courage you have listed.

4. Share your examples with the class and reach an agreement.

Unit 16 UMM AYMAN (RAA).

1. Pre-Reading Tasks.

Before reading the text, look at the title of this unit and answer the questions.

You will read about a woman who was alongside to the Prophet (SAAS) from his birth to his death. What do you know about this person? What people or events do you think of when you hear this person’s name?

Work in groups. List your pieces of information about Umm Ayman in order of importance.

Compare your list with other groups. How are they similar or different.