- •Types of engines практикум
- •Передмова
- •Contents
- •Unit 1 the creation of steam engines
- •2. Discuss the following questions with a partner.
- •3. Read the text and find the expressions which mean:
- •The creation of steam engines
- •6. Match the English words with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •Read the passage about the steam engine history and choose the correct word.
- •Listen to the text about the Steam Engine invention and tell your group mates what inventors are mentioned in the text.
- •Think of the endings of these sentences, then listen and check.
- •13. Discuss in pairs the meaning of the following phrases in relation to the information from the text:
- •Unit 2 steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •Think of as many words as possible related to the topic “Development of steam engines”. How important were steam engines in the industrial revolution?
- •Study the diagram of James Watt’s pumping engine. How did the separate condenser which he had added to the earlier design make the steam engine more effective?
- •3. Read the text and decide whether the statements that follow are true or false. Steam engines: developments of the industrial revolution
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about steam locomotives and traction engines and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about Watt Engine and compare it with the information from the text. What new facts have you known?
- •12. Define true and false sentences. Then listen and check.
- •13. Explain while answering the questions. Why:
- •Work in pairs. Discuss and list some problems early steam engines might have caused. Make your problem list and share it with your group. Support your ideas. Use the following phrases.
- •Translate the following passage about Thomas Savery’s and Denis Papin’s steam machines from Ukrainian into English.
- •Unit 3 modern high-pressure steam engines
- •Where are steam engines used today? Why is their use restricted mainly by atomic power plants and thermo-electric power stations?
- •3. Read the text and match the sentences (a-c) to the numbered spaces (1-3) in the text.
- •Modern high-pressure steam engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about the components of steam engines and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and chose the statement which was not mentioned in the text:
- •12. Listen to the text and insert the missing words.
- •13. Comment on the following statements if you agree or disagree:
- •Webquest. Search the Web for the information on steam cars or steam locomotives in modern times. Write a review (200-250 words) about these technologies. Consider the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about the first compound steam engine built by the British engineer and inventor Arthur Woolf from Ukrainian into English.
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •1. Work with a partner to discuss the following.
- •3. Read the text and match the questions (a-e) to the paragraphs (1-5).
- •Internal-combustion engines
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about internal combustion engine and choose the correct word.
- •11. Listen to the text and tell your groupmates what type of engine it is about.
- •12. Listen once more and choose the right word.
- •13. Comment on the following points:
- •Translate the following passage about internal combustion engine from Ukrainian into English.
- •Look at the diagram and try to explain how the open-cycle constant-pressure gas-turbine engine works.
- •Read the text and answer the questions that follow.
- •4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
- •6. Match the English phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
- •7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
- •8. Match the words with their definitions.
- •Choose the correct preposition.
- •Read the passage about gas turbine and open the brackets.
- •11. Listen to the text about the turbine and tell what the text is about:
- •12. Listen to the text once more and insert the necessary word.
- •13. Answer the questions.
- •14. Work in groups a, b, c, and d. Each group will read the information on the different types of a gas turbine engine. Listen and complete the chart about these engine, then compare them.
- •Work in a group. Read the text and discuss the difference between the turbo engine and reciprocating engine. See Appendix a (p. 99). Discuss:
- •You are going to take a part at a scientific conference. You have to make a report (200-250 words) about modern gas turbine engine. Your report should include the following points:
- •Webquest. Find the information about the modern gas turbine application in different areas: industry, transportation, energy supplement, space exploration etc.
- •Translate the following passage about gas turbine from Ukrainian into English:
- •Communication activities unit 1
- •Time line of steam engine invention.
- •Text 1 Steam Power and the Industrial Revolution: 1760-1840
- •Text 2 Modern Steam
- •Internal combustion engine invention impact
- •Suggested Solutions
- •Advantages of gas turbine engines
- •Disadvantages of gas turbine engines
- •Audioscripts unit 1 The Steam Engine
- •Unit 2 The Watt engine.
- •Unit 3 Modern steam engines
- •Unit 4 Diesel Engine
- •Unit 5 Avery’s Turbine
- •References
4. Match the words in column a with the words in column b to form meaningful phrases. Translate them into Ukrainian.
Column A Column B
1) diesel a) rod
2) combustion b) surface
3) gas c) motion
4) rotor d) flywheel
5) connecting e) pump
6) reciprocating f) gas
7) four-stroke g) engine
8) heavy h) camshaft
9) fuel i) valve
10) rotating j) cycle
11) waste k) turbine
12) sleeve l) chamber
5. Fill in the words from the list below. Use each word only once.
mechanically, engine, plants, fuel, current, stroke, ignition, voltage, piston, system, gasoline, supplying
1) direct-….. electricity
2) fuel supply …..
3) high-….. current
4) actual ….. device
5) internal-combustion …..
6) …..-injection system
7) four-….. cycle model
8) familiar ….. engine
9) close-fitting …..
10) traditional ….. method
11) marine-power …..
12) ….. operated poppet valves
6. Match the English words and phrases with their Ukrainian equivalents.
Main parts of the internal combustion engine
1) crankshaft a) камера згоряння
2) piston b) впускний клапан
3) fuel pump c) бак
4) inlet valve d) карбюратор
5) combustion chamber e) поршень
6) counterweight f) циліндр
7) connecting rod g) пальний насос
8) flywheel h) вал
9) cylinder i) противага
10) carburetor j) колінчатий вал
11) shaft k) маховик
12) tank l) з’єднувальна тяга
7. Match each word from the text with its synonym.
1) combustion a) tubing
2) supply b) capacity
3) chamber c) counterbalance
4) tank d) delivery
5) volume e) contamination
6) pollution f) fuse
7) ignition g) burning
8) mixture h) turning
9) rotation i) cell
10) waste j) container
11) manifold k) blend
12) counterweight l) garbage
8. Match the words with their definitions.
crankshaft, camshaft, piston, fuel, air, spring, tank, combustion, cam, rotor, rotation, switch
1. A part of an engine consisting of a short solid pipe-shaped piece of metal that fits tightly into a cylinder, it is moved up/down by means of pressure.
2. A place where liquid is stored.
3. The chemical activity, usually in the presence of oxygen, that produces light and heat.
4. An apparatus for stopping or starting the flow of an electric current, especially one which is moved up or down with the hand.
5. The action of rotating; one complete turn round a fixed point.
6. The mixture of gases which surrounds the earth and which we breathe.
7. A wheel or part of a wheel shaped to change circular movement into backwards and forwards movement.
8. A part of a machine that turns round on a fixed point.
9. A rod to which a cam is fastened.
10. A length of metal wound round, which can be forced together or pressed down, and will return to its original shape when let go.
11. A rod that turns or is driven by a crank in a car engine.
12. Material that is used for producing heat or power by burning or by atomic means.
Choose the correct preposition.
Reciprocating piston engines are by / with far the most common power source for / from land vehicles including automobiles, motorcycles, locomotives and ships. Wankel engines are found on / in some automobiles and motorcycles.
Where very high power-to-weight ratios are required, internal combustion engines (ICE) appear in / on the form of / for combustion turbines. Powered aircraft typically use an ICE which may be a reciprocating engine. Airplanes can also use jet engines and helicopters can also employ turbo shafts; both of / from these are types of / off turbines. In addition for / to providing propulsion, airliners employ a separate ICE as an auxiliary power unit.
ICEs also have a role in / on large scale electric power generation where they're found on / in the form of / from combustion turbines in / on combined cycle power plants with / by typical electrical output in / on the range for / of 100 MW to 1 GW. The high temperature exhaust is used to boil and superheat water to run a steam turbine. Thus, more energy is extracted from / for the fuel that could be extracted by / with the combustion turbine alone. Working fluids can be air, hot water, pressurized water or even liquid sodium, heated in / on a boiler. ICEs are usually powered with / by energy-dense fuels such as gasoline or diesel, liquids derived from / for fossil fuels. While there are many stationary applications, most ICEs are used in / into mobile applications and are the dominant power supply for / from cars, aircraft, and boats.