- •Give a definition of science. Open the three values of science.
- •2. Name the criteria (features) scientific. Determine each criterion.
- •3. Expand the example of your own science structure of scientific knowledge.
- •4. Define the object and subject of research. Open these concepts as an example of your science.
- •5. Show the difference between the scientific and religious world view as the two ways of perceiving the world.
- •6. Specify the differences between science and art as the two ways of knowing.
- •7.Formulate the concept of ‘scientism’ and ‘anti-scientism’. Arguments each of them.
- •8. Identify the difference between externalism and internalism in science. Give examples of each.
- •Identify the difference between externalism and internalism in science. Give examples of each.
- •9. Evaluate the unity and specify the differences between philosophy and science as two forms of rationality.
- •10. Expand the concept "quantifier of existence".
- •11. Display the fundamental differences between scientific, anti-scientific and extra-scientific knowledge.
- •12. A comparative analysis of the concepts: information, knowledge, wisdom.
- •13. Explain the three tasks of science.
- •14. Expand the 5 points of view on the problem of the beginning of science. Explain your position on this issue.
- •15.Explain the concept of verification and falsification in the science.
- •16 Name and define the form of non-scientific knowledge. Give examples of each.
- •17. Specify the main problems described in the text "Science without hope."
- •18. Determine the ability of the productive imagination.
- •19. Give your assessment of the text ‘The phenomenon of alternative science’.
- •20. Illustrate the essence of quasi-science and para-science.
- •21. Open the myths of your science.
- •22. Analyze "outstanding issues" of your science.
- •23. Define the concept of ‘knowledge’. Name the three characteristics of knowledge.
- •24. Consider the main ideas, hypotheses and theories on the topic "Knowledge".
- •25. Define the essence of thinking and show how it differs from the mind (intellect).
- •26.Identify and expand the main features pre-science.
- •27. Formulate and expand the scientific ideas and the main program of Antiquity.
- •Identify and expand the main features pre-science.
- •28. Expand the paradigm of ancient science.
- •29. Evaluate the major achievements of science in the Middle Ages (Europe and the Arab East).
- •31.Formulate discoveries and personalities in classical science.
- •32. Formulate and expand the main ideas and principles of classical science.
- •33. Expand the paradigm of classical science.
- •34. Name and expand the main ideas and principles of non-classical science.
- •35. Name and expand the main ideas and principles of the post-non-classical science.
- •36. Make the analysis of the socio-cultural environment of Kazakhstan science (5 parameters).
- •37. Give your assessment of the intellectual level of the Kazakhstan society.
- •38. Please rate the prestige of Kazakhstan science and formulate your recommendations on this issue.
- •39. Consider the main ideas, hypotheses and theories on the topic ‘Planet earth’. The Solar Nebular Hypothesis
- •A Cloud of Gas
- •Sun Formation
- •Planet and Asteroid Formation
- •40. Consider the main ideas, hypotheses and theories on the topic "Mind & Body"
- •41. Describe the content of the videotext "Agora" and formulate your conclusions on it.
- •42. Evaluate the main issues and features an ancient science in videotext "Agora".
- •43. Expand the content of the videotext "a Beautiful Mind" and make your own conclusions on it.
- •44. Consider the problem of creativity and personality of the scientist in videotext "a Beautiful Mind."
- •45. Show in the context of the video-text "a Beautiful Mind" and other examples of the difference of genius and talent in science.
- •46. Make a glossary of basic scientific ideas and concepts in videotext "Interstellar"
- •47. Describe the content of the videotext ‘Interstellar’ and formulate your conclusion on it.
- •48. Determine the nature of scientific creativity. Formulate the paradox of creativity. Evaluate the role of intuition in scientific discovery.
- •49. Consider the main ideas, hypotheses and theories on the topic "Universe"
- •Inflation
- •Inflation
- •50. Consider the main ideas, hypotheses and theories on the topic "Human Evolution".
22. Analyze "outstanding issues" of your science.
1) equality of P and NP classes: In the theory, the class P consists of all those decision problems that can be solved on a deterministic sequential machine in an amount of time that is polynomial in the size of the input; Of all those decision problems of a positive solutions can be verified in polynomial time given the right information, or equivalently, whose solution can be found in polynomial time on a non-deterministic machine. The biggest open question in theoretical computer science concerns the relationship between those Two classes:
Is P = NP?
Most people think that the answer is probably "no"; some people believe the question may be undecidable from the currently accepted axioms. A $ 1,000,000 prize has been offered for a correct solution.
2) In mathematics, the Hodge conjecture is a major unsolved problem in the field of algebraic geometry that relates the algebraic topology of a non-singular complex algebraic variety and the subvarieties of that variety. More specifically, the conjecture said that certain de Rham cohomology Classes are algebraic, that are are sums of Poincaré duals of the homology classes of subvarieties. It was formulated by the Scottish mathematician William Vallance Douglas Hodge as a result of a work in between 1930 and 1940 to enrich the description of de Rham cohomology To include extra structure that is present in the case of complex algebraic varieties.
3) In mathematics, the Riemann hypothesis is a conjecture that the Riemann zeta function has its zeros only at the negative even integers andcomplex numbers with real part 1/2. It was proposed by Bernhard Riemann (1859), after whom it is named. The name is also used for some closely related analogues, such as the Riemann hypothesis for curves over finite fields.
4) Yang-Mills theory is a gauge theory based on the SU (N) group, or more generally any compact, semi-simple Lie group. Yang-Mills theory seeks to describe the behavior of elementary particles using these non- And is at the core of the unification of the electromagnetic and weak forces (ie U (1) × SU (2)) as well as quantum chromodynamics, the theory of the strong force (based on SU (3)). Thus it forms The basis of our understanding of the Standard Model of particle physics.
5) The Navier-Stokes harmony and smoothness problem concerns the mathematical properties of solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations, one of the pillars of fluid mechanics (such as with turbulence). These equations describe the motion of a fluid (that is, a Liquid or a gas) in space. Solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations are used in many practical applications.
6) In mathematics, the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture describes the set of rational solutions to idealized an elliptic curve. It is an open problem in the field of number theory and is widely recognized as one of the most challenging mathematical problems. The Conjecture was chosen as one of the seven Millennium Prize Problems listed by the Clay Mathematics Institute, which had offered a $ 1,000,000 prize for the first correct proof
7) In mathematics, the Poincaré conjecture is a theorem about the characterization of the 3-sphere, which is the hypersphere that bounds the unit ball in four-dimensional space. As of 2016, the Poincaré conjecture is the only solvedMillennium problem.