- •ВВЕДЕНИЕ
- •PART I
- •Unit 1
- •Text A. About Myself
- •Text B. What is Economics?
- •Grammar
- •Unit 2.
- •Text A. My Friend Tatiana
- •Text В. Definitions of Economics
- •Grammar
- •Unit 3.
- •Text A. My Family
- •Text B. Three Types of Economists
- •Unit 4.
- •Text A. My University
- •Text B. Economics at the University of Cambridge
- •Grammar
- •Unit 5.
- •Text A. The Russian Federation
- •Text В. Economy of Russia
- •Grammar
- •Unit 6.
- •Text A. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- •Text B. Economy of the United Kingdom
- •Unit 7.
- •Text A. American Values
- •Text B. American Economy
- •Grammar
- •Unit 8.
- •Text A. Australia
- •Text В. Economy of Australia
- •Grammar
- •Unit 9.
- •Text A. What Jobs Do Economics Graduates Get in the United States?
- •Text B. Looking for a Job
- •Grammar
- •PART II
- •Unit 1. ECONOMICS
- •Text A. Modern Economic Thought
- •Text B. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
- •Unit 2. ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
- •Text A. Capitalism
- •Text B. Planned Economies
- •Unit 3. FUNDAMENTAL LAWS OF ECONOMICS
- •Text A. Law of Demand
- •Text B. Law of Supply
- •Unit 4. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
- •Text A. Inflation
- •Text В. Unemployment in the USA
- •Unit 5. MARKET
- •Text A. Competition
- •Text В. Natural Monopoly
- •Unit 6. MACROECONOMIC PARAMETERS
- •Text A. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
- •Text В. Business Cycles
- •Unit 7. MANAGEMENT
- •Text A. Management
- •Text B. Key Traits of Successful Leaders
- •Unit 8. MARKETING
- •Text A. Marketing
- •Text B. Brand Names
- •Unit 9. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
- •Text A. The World Bank
- •Text B. The International Monetary Fund
- •PART III
- •Lives of Great Economists
- •Biography of Adam Smith (1723 — 1790)
- •Biography of David Ricardo (1772 — 1823)
- •Biography of J. S. Mill (1806 — 1873)
- •Biography of Karl Marx (1818 — 1883)
- •Biography of Thornstein Veblen (1857 — 1929)
- •Biography of Alfred Marshall (1842 — 1924)
- •Biography of Carl Menger (1840 — 1921)
- •Biography of John Maynard Keynes (1883 — 1946)
- •Autobiography of Ragnar Frisch (1895 — 1973)
- •How I Became an Economist by Paul A. Samuelson
- •Autobiography of Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich (1912 — 1986)
- •Biography of Milton Friedman (1912 — ...)
- •Autobiography of George J. Stigler
- •Autobiography of John F. Nash, Jr. (1928 — ...)
- •Works of Great Economists
- •An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations
- •Principles of Economics
- •General Theory of Employment, Interest and Mone
культете работают известные преподаватели и многие известные ученые. Основными предметами на первом курсе является история экономической мысли, статистика, теория управления, макроэкономика и микроэкономика. Английский язык занимает важное место. Знание английского языка является необходимым, если вы хотите найти работу в иностранной фирме. Я также изучаю немецкий язык. Я занимаюсь спортом в секции футбола. Я очень горжусь тем, что учусь на факультете менеджмента.
Exercise 34. Write an essay about your university (academy). Answer the following questions.
1.When was your university founded?
2.Did any famous people graduate from your university?
3.How many departments are there at your university?
4.Who is the head of the university?
5.Who is the head of your faculty?
6.Which is the largest faculty? Which is the smallest?
7.Which is the most popular? Which is the least popular?
8.Are there more female or male students? What faculty has the largest percentage of males? What faculty has the largest percentage of females?
Text B. Economics at the University of Cambridge
Economists have been flourishing in Cambridge University for a long time. Robert Malthus, active two hundred years ago, was described by Keynes as "the first of the Cambridge economists". But it was in 1903 that the Professor of Political Economy, Alfred Marshall succeeded in establishing what was to become the Economics as an undergraduate degree course and thereby established the Faculty of Economics and Politics. By then Marshall had already published his great Principles of Economics in which he set out for the first time the geometric analysis of supply and demand, incorporating the systematic treatment of different time periods. He went on to develop the quantity theory of money in an
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attempt to understand the macroeconomy. In 1907 Marshall's professorship was taken by Arthur Pigou who developed the foundations of modern public economics in his The Economics of Welfare, published in 1920.
Between the Wars, the Faculty participated in creation of modern macro-economics and a revolution in micro-economics. The dominant figure was Marshall's pupil John Maynard Keynes who, throughout his life, combined the science and research with public policy. His analysis of the role of monetary and fiscal policy in determining the level of employment has enhanced public policy making ever since, as have the international institutions he caused to be established after the Second World War.
The economic demands of the Second World War provided the stimulus for Richard Stone and James Meade to develop the basis of modern national accounting. Both were subsequently to be awarded Nobel Prizes for this and other works. With Keynes, Stone established the Department of Applied Economics in 1945, as a research wing for the Faculty, with financial support from the University. The Department of Apllied Economics has proved to be a remarkable school for economists who have achieved subsequent distinction in academic and public life.
Many distinguished scholars have worked in the Faculty and contributed to its intellectual life in recent decades, among them Nicholas Kaldor and Frank Hahn. The present Faculty continues its long established interest in public economics, macroeconomics, business strategy. Sir James Mirrlees was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1996 for his work on optimal taxation and the theory of incentives, and Amartya Sen was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1998 for his work on welfare economics and income distribution.
Another tradition upheld by current Faculty members is that of involvement in public policy, active on the Monetary Policy Committee, the Competition Commission, the Low Pay Commission, and the Accounting Standards Board. As the Faculty of Economics and Politics has
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celebrated its" hundredth birthday, it remains committed to keeping economics useful.
|
VOCABULARY |
|
to flourish |
— процветать |
|
to succeed |
— иметь успех |
|
what was to become |
— зд. впоследствии ставшая |
|
undergraduate degree course |
— учебный курс в программе бака |
|
by then |
лавриата |
|
— к тому времени |
||
to set out |
— излагать |
|
geometric analysis |
— геометрический анализ |
|
to incorporate |
— включать в себя |
|
professorship |
— профессорская должность |
|
foundations |
— основы |
|
welfare |
— благосостояние |
|
to witness |
— |
свидетельствовать, быть свиде |
throughout his life |
телем |
|
— всю свою жизнь |
||
fruitfully |
— плодотворно |
|
stimulus |
— стимул |
|
basis of modern national |
|
|
асcounting |
— |
основа современного государ |
subsequently |
ственного учета |
|
— впоследствии, последовательно |
||
research wing |
— исследовательское подразделение |
|
remarkable |
— примечательный, значительный |
|
nursery |
— зд. научная школа (дословнодет |
|
distinction |
ский сад) |
|
— отличие |
||
to contribute |
— вносить лепту |
|
intellectual life |
— интеллектуальная жизнь |
|
theory of incentives |
— теория средств поощрения, стиму |
|
Competition Commission |
лов |
|
— Комиссия по антимонопольной |
||
|
политике |
|
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Questions to the Text
1.Who was the first of the Cambridge economists, as described
by Keynes?
2.When was the Economics as an undergraduate degree
established?
3.When was the Faculty of Economics and Politics established?
4.Who established economics as an academic discipline at
Cambridge?
5.What was Marshall famous for in 1903?
6.What was Arthut Pigou famous for?
7.What did Keynes cause to establish after the Second World
War?
8.Why were Stone and Meade awarded Nobel Prizes?
9.Who received Nobel Prizes in 1996 and 1998?
10.What is the tradition upheld by current Faculty members?
Exercise 35. Translate into Russian.
1. Robert Malthus was described by Alfred Marshall as "the first of the Cambridge economists". 2. Alfred Marshall established the Faculty of Economics and Politics. 3. In his Principles of Economics Marshall described the geometric analysis of supply and demand. 4. Marshall developed the quantity theory of money. 5. The Faculty of Economics was extraordinarily innovative 6. Keynes analyzed the role of monetary and fiscal policy in the determining the level of employment. 7. The basis of modern national accounting was established by Richard Stone and James Meade. 8. Sir James Mirrlees was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1996 for his work. 9. Another tradition by the Faculty of Economics is involvement in public policy.
Exercise 36. Finish the sentences.
1.Robert Malthus was described by Keynes as ...
2.Alfred Marshall succeeded in ...
3.Marshall's professorship was taken by...
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4.John Maynard Keynes was a pupil of...
5.Richard Stone and James Meade developed ...
6.Sir James Mirrlees was ...
7.Amartya Sen was ...
Exercise 37. Translate into English.
1. Экономисты преуспевали в Кембриджском университете на протяжении долгого времени. 2. К тому времени Маршалл уже опубликовал свою работу «Принципы экономики». 3. В своей книге Маршалл предложил методы геометрического анализа спроса и предложения. 4. Факультет экономики Кембриджского университета участвовал в рождении макроэкономики и революции в микроэкономике. 5. Центральной фигурой факультета экономики Кембриджского университета был ученик Маршалла Джон Мейнард Кейнс. 6. Кейнс всю свою жизнь совмещал науку и исследования с политикой. 7. Кафедра прикладной экономики была школой экономистов, которые достигли впоследствии признания в науке и политике. 8. Сэр Мирлиз был награжден Нобелевской премией в 1966 году за свои работы по оптимальному налогообложению и теорию поощрения.
Exercise 38. Write one sentence with each verb:
•to flourish;
•to succeed;
•to become;
•to publish;
•to establish;
•to incorporate;
•to go on;
•to combine;
•to determine;
•to enhance;
•to cause;
•to contribute.
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