III. Answer the questions:

1. Why can basic crime prevention cost very little?

2. What do many people still forget to do?

3. What categories (groups) of people can become potential victims?

4. What kind of precautions do you have to take to minimize the risk of an attack?

5. What should be done at signs of a break in?

6. How should you act when you walk out late or travel on an empty bus (train)?

7. What is a personal security alarm for?

8. What should you do if you think someone is following you on foot?

9. Why should you be on a lookout for builders and representatives of the service companies?

10. Why is it unsafe to keep a cheque book and cheque card together?

Legal Consequences of Getting Married

I. Study the vocabulary:

to be in a different legal position -

to provide for smb. (one another) - забезпечувати один одного

a cohabiter - співмешканець

acquired property - набута разом власність

a spouse - чоловік, дружина

to transfer property - передавати право власності

to break down - розривати відносини

to confer right - надавати право

a legal duty - правовий обов'язок

a legitimate (illegitimate) child - шлюбна дитина

the natural father ~ природний батько

to sue - судитися

to obtain damages - отримувати компенсацію

to be deprived of smb. - позбавляти чогось

to perform smb's ordinary role - виконувати звичайні обов'язки

be charged - бути звинуваченим

criminal conspiracy - криминальна змова

a third party - третя сторона

a decree nisi of- анулювання шлюбу

nullity - анулювання

judicial separation - судове відокремлення

injunction against - мipa попередження

molestation - знущання

under the coercion - під примусом

• A husband cannot commit the offence of rape against his wife unless there has been a judicial separation, a decree nisi of divorce or nullity, an injunction against molestation, or an understanding to the court not to the molest.

• A wife may claim a defense to a crime which she committed in the presence and under the coercion of her husband.

III. Answer the questions:

1. How is the legal position of a married couple different from that of cohabiters?

2. What are husbands and wives financial obligations?

3. What kind of financial obligations do cohabiters have?

4. What powers do the courts have related to the acquired property of the spouses?

5. What rights does marriage confer over children?

6. How can the husband's rights to damages be exercised?

7. Does marriage have any bearing upon the criminal law?

8. When cannot a husband and wife be charged with criminal conspiracy?

9. Can a husband commit the offence of rape against his wife?

10. What is a common defense a wife may have to a crime?

II. Read and learn the text of the topic:

A man and woman who get married are in a different legal position from a man and woman who prefer to live together.

Husbands and wives are under a legal duty to provide for one another as well as for their children. This duty can be enforced by the courts. Cohabiters owe no equivalent duties to one another.

Any property belonging either to husband or wife at the time of the marriage or acquired after it with his or her own money, remains that spouse's separate property. The same is true of property acquired by unmarried cohabiters during the period of their cohabitation. However on divorce the courts have extensive powers to transfer property belonging to the husband to the wife (and vice versa), as well as to the order one spouse to make financial provision for the other. The courts have no equivalent powers when the relationship of cohabiters breaks down.

Marriage also confers rights over children. The parents of a legitimate child enjoy equal rights over it. The natural father of an illegitimate child has no parental rights.

A husband may sue and obtain damages from any person who injures his wife so that he is deprived of her company and services. This would apply where, for example, a wife was injured in a car accident as a result of which she could not perform her ordinary role in the family.

Although in a general, marriage has no bearing upon the criminal law, there are certain exceptions to this. For example:

• A husband and wife cannot be charged with criminal conspiracy unless a third party was involved. They can be charged however if they were not married at the time of the conspiracy, but married after it.