Лексикологія

Варіант 1

1. Lexicology is the part of linguistics dealing with __________

1. studying of sounds as articulator and acoustic units which serve communicative purposes;

2. the vocabulary of the language and properties of the words as the main units of language;

3. studying of grammatical structure of Modern English;

4. studying history of the language.

2. Words of identical origin that occur in several languages as a result of simultaneous or successive borrowings from ultimate source are called _________

1. ethymological doublets;

2. hybrids;

3. international words;

4. loan words.

3. Terminal suffixes ________________

a) are used for making terms;

b) can be followed by other suffixes;

c) take only the final position;

d) can take any position.

4. Etymological isolation when the word loses its ties with other word or words with which it was formerly connected and associated ceases to be understood as belonging to its original word-family is called _____________________

1. demotivation;

2. simplification;

3. derivation;

4. back-formation.

5. The process of using words themselves as raw material for making new words is called _________________

a) word-building;

b) derivation;

c) compounding ;

d) word-forming.

6. Hybrids are:

1. words that are made of elements derived from two or more different languages;

2. two or more words of the same language which were derived by different routes from the same basic word;

3. words that occur in several languages as a result of simultaneous borrowings from ultimate usage;

d) words which occur only in ancient languages.

7. Compounds with two constituent elements, the determination and the determinant are called ________________

a) exocentric;

b) endocentric;

c) bahuvrihi;

d) juxtepositional.

8. To what group of shortened words belong the following words: Alex, ad; lab, exam

a) syncope;

b) aphaeresis;

c) apocope;

d) ) syncope and aphaeresis combined.

9. Suffix – fy / ify in the words : terrify,intensify, ratify, specify belongs to:

a) noun-forming suffix;

b) verb-forming suffix;

c) adjective- forming suffix;

d) numeral-forming suffix.

10. . Naming of an action or thing by more o less exact reproduction of a sound associated with it is called:

a) back-formation;

b) clipping;

c) abbreviation;

d) sound-imitation.

11. Extension is_________________

a) the process when words rise from humble beginnings to position of greater importance;

b) the process when for one reason or another a word falls into disrepute;

c) commonly combined with a higher degree of abstraction than implied in the earlier meaning of the word;

d) the process when a word of wide meaning acquires a narrower sense.

12. . Formations which combine two words and include the letters or sounds they have in common as connecting element is called

a) blends;

b) clipping;

c) abbreviation;

d) conversion.

13. Type of word-formation, when a new word is produced by means of omitting a certain part of a longer word is called :

a) sound-imitation;

b) conversation;

c) blending;

d) shortening.

14. . The following words : to plant, to milk, to summer, to empty are made by means of:

a) blending;

b) clipping;

c) conversion;

d) abbreviation.

15. Choose the word which is the antonym of the word: to refuse

a) to forbid;

b) to agree;

c) to disagree;

d) to deny.

16. To what group of synonyms belong the following : blank, empty, vacant

a) relative;

b) absolute;

c) contextual;

d) stylistic.

17. The following pairs of words : ball (n) – ball (n); can (v) – саn(n) belong to:

1. homophones ;

2. perfect homonyms ;

3. homographs;

4. paronyms.

18. Choose the correct arrangement of the ideographic synonyms according to the degree of intensity:`

a) beg, ask, implore;

b) implore, beg, ask;

c) ask, beg, implore;

d) ask, implore, beg.

19. Following pairs of words: sweet - suit; whether – weather; reign –rain belong to :

a) homonyms proper ;

b) homographs;

c) homophones;

d) paronyms.

20. Choose the key word to complete the idiom: he used the business profits to _________nest

a) feather;

b) enrich;

c) build;

d) decorate.

21. Contextual synonyms:

a) denote different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality;

b) differ in their evaluative and emotional-expressive overtones;

c) are similar in meaning only under some specific distributional conditions;

d) have one and the same meaning and are interchangeable in any context.

22. Morpheme – ceive in the words conceive, deceive, , perceive, receive is:

a) free morpheme;

b) bound base (stem);

c) positional variant of morpheme;

d) allomorph.

23. English morphemes can be divided into:

a) terminal and non-terminal;

b) bound bases and stems;

c) free and bound morphemes;

d) allomorphs and non allomorphs.

24. Words formed by a simultaneous process of composition and derivation are called:

a) derivational compounds;

b) compounds;

c) derived words;

d) bahuvrihi goup.

25. Derivational suffixes are morphemes __________

a) serving as stems for derivation but never appear as free forms;

b) serving to make new words;

c) of wide occurrence conveying grammatical meaning;

d) appearing as free forms.

26. . Initial clipping of a word is called

a) syncope;

b) apocope;

c) aphaeresis;

d) syncope and aphaeresis combined.

27. Choose the word which is the synonym of the given word: brief

a) long;

b) short;

c) quiet;

d) little.

28. The following words: specs, maths, ma’am are formed by means of:

a) syncope;

b) apocope;

c) aphaeresis;

d) apocope an aphaeresis combined.

29. The phrase: A pretty cattle of fish belongs to:

a) standardized phrases;

b) phraseological unities

c) phraseological fusions or iron-cast idioms

d) set expressions

30. The process when for one reason or another a word falls into disrepute is called

a) elevation;

b) degradation;

c) narrowing;

d) extention.

Варіант 2

1. It is supposed that the Scandinavian element in Modern English amounts to _____

1. 1000 phrases;

2. 650 root words;

3. 300 set expressions;

4. 500 words.

2. Positional variants of a morpheme occurring in a specific environment and characterized by complementary distribution are called _____________

a) bound bases;

b) free morphemes;

c) bound morphemes ;

d) allomorphs.

3. The process of forming new words in different parts of speech but without adding any derivative element, so that the basic form of the original and the basic form of the derived words are homonymous is called _______________

1. conversion or zero derivation;

2. shortening or clipping;

3. blending;

4. abbreviation.

4. The predominant type of English compounds are :

a) compounds by means of linking element “o”;

b ) compounds by means of linking element “s”;

c) juxtapositional compounds;

d) compounds by means of preposition as a linking element .

5. The term onomatopoeia is a synonym to:

a) sound-imitation or echoism;

b) conversion or zero-derivation;

c) blending or telescoping;

d) shortening or clipping.

6. The phrase to smell a rat is translated

a) смердіти пацюком;

b) бути у безвиході ;

c) відчути щось недобре, підозрювати;

d) відчувати запах пацюка.

7. Morpheme – ceive in the words conceive, deceive, , perceive, receive is:

a) free morpheme;

b) bound base (stem);

c) positional variant of morpheme;

d) allomorph.

8. The suffixes : able, ish, ful, less are:

a) adjective- forming;

b) noun-forming;

c) verb-forming;

d) numeral-forming.

9. Following pairs of words: no – know; once –one’s belong to:

a) perfect homonyms ;

b) homographs;

c) homophones;

d) paronyms.

10. The following pairs of words contents - context ; lawyer - lower belong to:

a) homonyms;

b) paronyms;

c) synonyms;

d) homographs.

11. The phrase top dog is translated:

a) висока собака;

b) першокласна собака;

c) собака, що перемогла у бою;

d) краща собака.

12. Choose the key word to complete the idiom: Friend may let you down, but your family will always stand by you. Blood is thicker than _______________

a) tea;

b) wine;

c) coffee;

d) water.