II. Reading.

Exercise 5. Read and translate the text A “Wool”.

Wool

1. Wool is the soft, curly covering which forms the fleecy coat of the sheep and similar animals.

2. Wool was no doubt the first fibre used by man as clothing.

It was worn first in the form of a skin or pelt; later the fibres were matted or felted to make а fаbriс. Тhе next step in its development was the formation of the fibres into yarns from which fabrics were constructed. Today the pelts of certain sheep are used as furs while the loose fibres from other pelts are felted to form the felt or are twisted into wool yarns to be woven, or knitted into every type and variety of material.

3. Sheep are raised where extensive pastures are available, and where the climate permits them to winter in the open. The principal sheep-breeding regions are known to be the Australia, New Zealand, South America, North America and South Africa.

4. The sheep are sheared to get the wool. The sheared wool is a dense mass of fibres, forming the so-called wool fleece. The fleece to be spun into yarn must be sorted and then washed several times to, remove dirt and fat.

5. Wool fibres are soft and very elastic. Due to the high elasticity of the fibres, woollen textiles hardly crease and retain shape. Wool fibres are poor conductors of heat, that is, they retain heat. Wool fibres are sensitive to heat. Therefore, woollen textiles are not to be boiled. The strength of wool fibres appears to be not as great as that of flax and cotton.

6. On account of their particular properties, wool fibres are used for the manufacture of warm winter garments, outerwear, rainwear, bathing suits, and blankets. We know wool fibres to be also used as pile material for carpets.

7. The importance of wool as a textile fibre is shown by the fact that it was not only one of the first fibres made into material for clothing and household use, but that it remains the fibre most suitable for tailored and outerwear garments.

III. Language.

Exercise.6 Choose the appropriate ending of the sentences.

1. He sheep are sheared

-to remove dist and fat

-to get the wool

2. Sheep are raised where

-no trace of wool can be found

-extensive pastures are available

3.To get fabric wool yarn

-can be belted or woven or knitted

-can be used for manufacture of garments

4. The fleece to be spun into yarn must be washed

-to be boiled

-to remove dirt and fat

5. Wool fibres are poor conductors of heat, that is

-they are sensitive to heat

-they retain head

Exercise 7. Match the definition with the word:

1. The soft, curly covering which forms the fleecy coat of the sheep.	(a)Shearing
2. Spun threads prepared fibres weaving or knitting.	(b) wool for
3. Soft and very elastic fibres	(c) felt
4. Cloth, made by matting pelt woolen fibres.	(d) skin or
5. Wool worn by ancient men.	(e) Australia, New Zealand, South America, North America, Ukraine, South Africa
6. Regions where sheep are raised	(f)Fleecy wool
7. He process of getting wool from yarn the sheep	(g) yarn